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PubMed1993

Cytokine secretion by genetically modified nonimmunogenic murine fibrosarcoma. Tumor inhibition by IL-2 but not tumor necrosis factor.

Recent investigations have demonstrated that the in vivo growth of weakly immunogenic murine tumors can be inhibited by genetic manipulations that enable them to secrete a variety of cytokines. Inasmuch as most human tumors fail to elicit a detectable host immune response we questioned whether the growth of a nonimmunogenic murine tumor could be inhibited by the secretion of cytokines. We have thus inserted the cDNA encoding for human IL-2 or TNF into the nonimmunogenic murine fibrosarcoma MCA 102. Tumor cells secreting IL-2 failed to grow in vivo despite normal in vitro growth. This growth inhibition required an intact immune system as tumors grew progressively in mice sublethally irradiated before tumor injection. Tumor inhibition was abrogated by the in vivo depletion, by specific mAb before tumor injection, of either CD8+ T cells or NK cells, but not CD4+ T cells. IL-2 secretion by tumor afforded a significant survival benefit to the animal, and IL-2-secreting tumor limited the growth of admixed nonsecreting parental tumor. Histologic evidence and FACS analyses revealed a dense lymphocytic infiltration of IL-2-secreting tumors composed of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In contrast, secretion of TNF failed to inhibit the growth of MCA 102, and similar lymphocyte subset depletions, or administration of specific anti-TNF mAb had no effect on the growth of TNF secreting MCA 102. In summary, these investigations demonstrated that the host response to this nonimmunogenic tumor can be markedly enhanced by the genetic manipulation of the tumor cells to secrete IL-2, but not TNF. This strategy has potential application for the development of immunotherapies for nonimmunogenic tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Oral administration of dihydroartemisinin and ferrous sulfate retarded implanted fibrosarcoma growth in the rat.

In the presence of iron, dihydroartemisinin forms free radicals and causes cell death. Since most cancer cells have high rates of iron intake, dihydroartemisinin would have selective cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. The present experiment was designed to study the effect of dihydroartemisinin and ferrous sulfate on the growth of implanted fibrosarcoma in the rat. We found that the growth rate of the tumor was significantly retarded by daily oral administration of ferrous sulfate followed by dihydroartemisinin. No significant tumor growth retardation effect was observed in rats treated with either dihydroartemisinin or ferrous sulfate alone. The drug treatment did not significantly affect body weight compared with untreated tumor-implanted animals and no apparent toxic effect was observed after drug treatment. An artemisinin analog-ferrous salt combination may provide a novel approach for cancer therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

[Ultrastructural features of fibrosarcoma].

An electron-microscopy investigation of two fibrosarcomas was carried out. Blastomatous elements were represented by fibroblasto-like cells. In their cytoplasm there were observed phaged fragment of collagenic fibrils, and in small canals of the granular endoplasmic reticulum--crystalloid formations. Diagnostic significance of these findings is discussed.

Collagen↗
PubMed1996

Anti-invasive activity of ursolic acid correlates with the reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells.

We examined the anti-invasive activity of ursolic acid (UA) on the highly metastatic HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cell line. UA reduced tumor cell invasion through a reconstituted basement membrane in a transwell chamber. A significant down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 [MMP-9; Mr 92,000 gelatinase/type IV collagenase (gelatinase B)] by UA was detected by Northern blot analysis. However, MMP-2 [Mr 72,000 gelatinase/type IV collagenase (gelatinase A)] and membrane-type MMP were constantly expressed, and the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 also was not changed after 3 and 6 days of treatment with UA. Quantitative gelatin-based zymography confirmed a markedly reduced expression of MMP-9 but not MMP-2 after treatment with UA. To confirm the UA-induced down-regulation of MMP-9 expression, we constructed a secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter vector including MMP-9 promoter. After transfection of MMP-9/SEAP reporter vector into HT1080 cells, reduced SEAP activity was detected after treatment with UA. These results suggest that down-regulation of MMP-9 contributes to the anti-invasive activity of UA in HT1080 cells.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1996

Tumour blood flow modification by endothelin-related peptides in the rat HSN fibrosarcoma.

Modification of tissue blood flow and tissue vascular resistance was examined in the female CBH rat, bearing a HSN fibrosarcoma, following bolus intravenous administration of 1 nM kg-1 endothelin-1 (ET-1) or 1 nM kg-1 sarafotoxin S6c (SX6c), selective agonists for endothelin A (ETA) and B (ETB) receptors respectively. Blood flow was measured 15 min after drug administration by the tissue uptake of 125I-labelled-iodoantipyrine. ET-1 and SX6c produced increases in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) of 52 mmHg and 42 mmHg respectively. Blood flow to the tumour was unaffected by ET-1 treatment, whereas blood flow to normal tissues was reduced, the exception being the heart and the brain in which flow was increased. In contrast, tumour blood flow following SX6c was significantly increased, whereas blood flow in normal tissues was either unaltered or reduced. Vascular resistance was increased in all tissues and the tumour by ET-1 demonstrating that the tumour vasculature was constricting via ETA receptor activation. SX6c however, did not modify tumour vascular resistance, whereas it increased vascular resistance in all normal tissues, suggesting that the tumour lacks a functional population of ETB receptors. This discrepancy may provide a means for selectively modifying tumour blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Modulation of the expression of interstitial and type-IV collagenases in coculture of HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells and fibroblasts.

Members of the metalloproteinase family (MMPs) are known to play a crucial role in the metastatic cascade. Here, we report some investigations about the synthesis of interstitial and type-IV collagenases (gelatinases A and B) in a model of coculture of human fibroblasts and HT 1080 fibrosarcoma cells. The interstitial collagenase activity, mainly found in the conditioned medium of fibroblasts, and its mRNA level were increased in the in vitro coculture model. In contrast, gelatinase A was produced by both cell types. The HT 1080 cells additionally synthesised gelatinase B. In coculture, an enhancement of gelatinase A and the presence of its activated form were observed. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that this enzymatic enhancement occurred at a pretranslational level. The stimulation of the interstitial collagenase activity was partially mediated through soluble factor(s), whereas increased gelatinase A appeared to require direct cell-cell interactions. The extracellular matrix component, type-I collagen, stimulated the enzymatic activities released by the individual cells, but it did not modulate the synthesis of interstitial collagenase in coculture. Our results demonstrate that distinct MMPs are modulated by distinct mechanisms, all depending on specific interactions between tumour cells and host fibroblasts.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1996

Fibrosarcoma of the thigh. Case report and literature review.

Sarcomas of the soft tissue constitute a fairly rare group of neoplasms localized mainly at the level of the extremities. Apart from clinical and semeiotic investigations, diagnosis is based on imaging techniques. Among these (ultrasound, CT, NMR and angiography), all of which are helpful in diagnosis, NMR seems to provide the most complete data and sensitivity and specificity. In fact, it has greater specificity than ultrasound or CT as regards identification of any infiltration of the muscle or deep interstitial tissues and can also contribute information on the nature of the sarcoma, as it provides high definition of the structural composition of the tissues. Angiography remains important as a preoperative guide to the surgical approach. Surgery is the treatment of choice, although in recent years it has been integrated with radio or chemotherapy. Thanks to the progress in treatment constituted by combination treatments there has been a dramatic reduction in the need for amputations, compartmental excision and disinsertion of muscle groups. We report the case of a patient with fibrosarcoma of the thigh and discuss the various imaging techniques and different approaches to the treatment of these neoplasms.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Congenital fibrosarcoma. Report of three cases.

Congenital/Infantile Fibrosarcomas are relatively rare soft tissue tumours. Only 238 cases have been reported till 1986 in the world literature of which 60 were truly congenital. A distinction must be made between them and their adult counterparts because of differences in their clinical behaviour. The authors report three cases and highlight their biological behaviour. Despite having an aggressive histological appearance they have a relatively benign course.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Suppression of transformed phenotypes of human fibrosarcoma cells by overexpression of recombinant fibronectin.

Loss of fibronectin (FN) from the cell surface has been shown to be closely associated with malignant transformation of cells. To elucidate the role of the FN matrix in the modulation of malignant phenotypes, we overexpressed a full-length cDNA encoding plasma-type FN in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. The cells overexpressing FN adopted a more flattened morphology and deposited a moderately developed FN matrix both in vitro and in vivo, although the level of expression of integrin alpha5beta1 remained unchanged. FN-overexpressing cells exhibited a reduced cell motility on the substratum and grew poorly when injected s.c. into nude mice. Overexpression of FN also suppressed the ability of the tumor cells to proliferate in soft agar, whereas the suppression was reversed by inclusion in soft agar of the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing peptide and adhesion-blocking antibodies against the central cell-binding domain of FN. Neither cell motility nor growth potential was altered by overexpression of a truncated form of FN lacking the central cell-binding domain. These results, taken together, indicate that increased deposition of FN in the pericellular matrix per se can suppress the motility and growth potential of tumor cells through interaction with RGD-recognizing integrins, most likely alpha5beta1.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased expression of HSP47 in highly malignant mouse fibrosarcoma.

HSP47, a heat shock-inducible glycoprotein of M(r) = 47,000, is assumed to be a molecular chaperone specific for collagen. In addition to its stress inducibility, HSP47 has transformation-sensitivity; that is, the synthesis of HSP47 decreases after malignant transformation. The expression of several HSPs in mouse fibrosarcoma, QRsP-1 and QRsP-4 were examined. HSP47 expression was weaker in the highly malignant QRsP-4 than in the weakly malignant QRsP-1, whilst HSC70 expression was similar in both cell lines. These findings suggested an important role of HSP47 as a marker of tumour malignancy of QRsP cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

In vivo effect of chemically induced fibrosarcoma on copper metabolism of liver in mice.

Copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations were determined in different subcellular fractions of liver of mice bearing benzo(a)pyrene induced fibrosarcoma. Though the copper content was elevated in the nuclear, mitochondrial and lysosomal fractions of tumor bearing mice, the microsomal and soluble supernatant fractions showed a downward trend in their copper concentration when compared to the controls. Similarly, ceruloplasmin concentration in the different subcellular fractions also showed variable results. This study was aimed to ascertain the distribution of copper. The incorporation of radioactive copper in different fractions was also monitored. The possible reasons for the variation in copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations observed during malignancy in the tumor bearing animals, has been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Fibrosarcoma of the toe: a destructive lesion of the distal phalanx.

A rare case of well differentiated fibrosarcoma occurring in the left second toe is described in a 12-year-old boy who presented with a destructive lesion that had almost totally destroyed the distal phalanx, except for the epiphysis. Amputated specimens showed microscopic evidence of proliferation of uniform spindle cells arranged in both fascicles and a characteristic herringbone pattern with a small number of mitotic figures. This tumor did not show any specific immunoreactivity except for vimentin and had basic ultrastructural characteristics of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. The tumor was treated by amputation at the middle phalanx level and had not recurred 3 years later. From the presenting radiographic features, some benign neoplasms and reactive lesions were considered in the differential diagnosis. Only results from the pathologic examination were useful in reaching a correct diagnosis.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1996

Gene therapy of spontaneous canine melanoma and feline fibrosarcoma by intratumoral administration of histoincompatible cells expressing human interleukin-2.

The production of human interleukin-2 (hIL-2) local to the tumor site by engineered histoincompatible cells has been shown in various murine models to promote a strong immune response leading to tumor growth inhibition or rejection. To assess whether this strategy would be similarly applicable for treatment of primary neoplastic cells, two naturally occurring tumors were used as preclinical models; the highly metastatic melanoma of the dog and the low metastatic fibrosarcoma of the cat. We demonstrate that both cats and dogs when treated by tumor surgery, radiotherapy and repeated local injections of xenogeneic Vero cells secreting high levels of hIL-2 relapse less frequently and survive longer than control animals treated by surgery and radiotherapy alone. Local secretion of hIL-2 by the xenogeneic cells is shown to be necessary for the induction of an optimal antitumor effect. Moreover, the safety of the procedure was demonstrated in both animal models and through extensive toxicological analysis performed in rats. These results confirm for the first time to our knowledge the safety and therapeutic potential of a gene transfer strategy in animals with spontaneous metastatic and nonmetastatic tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The IL-4-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate is dependent on JAK1 expression in human fibrosarcoma cells.

It has been shown that IL-4 induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3 in the majority of hemopoietic cell types, and JAK2 and TYK2 in several other types. However, the significance of this tyrosine phosphorylation in regulating IL-4 signaling has not been shown. To determine whether JAKs play a role in activating a signal transduction pathway different from the classical JAK/STAT pathway, we analyzed the ability of huIL-4 to stimulate the tyrosine phosphorylation of one of its major cellular substrates, the insulin receptor substrate (IRS). Using human fibrosarcoma cell lines with mutations in JAK1, JAK2, and TYK2, we found that expression of functional JAK1, but not TYK2 or JAK2, is essential for IL-4-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS. We also provide evidence that the IRS pathway is independent of STAT-6, showing that JAK1 is essential for activating a STAT-independent pathway.

Fibrosarcoma↗
PubMed1996

Nuclear matrix bound DNA polymerase-beta in mouse fibrosarcoma: effect of gamma-radiation.

Nuclear matrices isolated from the mouse fibrosarcoma tumour cells contain the eukaryotic replicative enzyme DNA polymerase-alpha and the presumptive repair enzyme DNA polymerase-beta. Exposure of tumors to various doses of gamma-radiation (1.95 to 6.5 Gy) causes a 2-fold increase in the levels of only DNA polymerase-beta in the nuclear matrix. The increase in the levels of this enzyme is not discernible if the matrices are isolated 24 hr after irradiation. The rise in the levels of the repair enzyme DNA polymerase-beta could be indicative of radiation stress response of the tumour cells and their repair ability.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Inhibition of lymphatic metastasis in a syngeneic rat fibrosarcoma model by an angiogenesis inhibitor, AGM-1470.

We examined whether lymphatic metastasis was inhibited by the potent angiogenesis inhibitor AGM-1470 [O-(chloroacetyl-carbamoyl)fumagillol, TNP-470] using a rat lymphatic metastasis model. Clone A of the rat fibrosarcoma AS653HM, when inoculated into the footpads of syngeneic rats, highly and preferentially metastasized to lymph nodes. In contrast, when AGM-1470 was administered subcutaneously to rats bearing the tumor cells, the tumor growth and incidence of metastasis in the lymph nodes were reduced in a dose- and schedule-dependent manner. Similar inhibition of lymphatic metastasis was also observed in the rats in which treatment with AGM-1470 was initiated following resection of the primary tumor in the foot, indicating that the treatment with AGM-1470 inhibited the progression of lymphatic metastasis at the metastatic sites of the lymph nodes. These results suggest that AGM-1470 can be a potential agent to prevent lymphatic metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The role of tumor-associated macrophages in the delivery of liposomal doxorubicin to solid murine fibrosarcoma tumors.

Murine fibrosarcoma tumors arising from subcutaneous inoculation of FSa-N cells exhibit 4-fold higher tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) levels than those from the FSa-R line. These solid tumors were used to assess the role of TAMs in the accumulation of liposomal anticancer drugs. Two liposomal formulations of doxorubicin were investigated: a conventional formulation composed of distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) and cholesterol and a sterically stabilized liposomal formulation composed of DSPC/cholesterol/poly (ethylene glycol)-modified distearoylphosphatidyethanolamine (PEG-PE). Circulating concentrations of PEG-PE containing liposomes 24 h after i.v. administration were 3-fold greater than those observed after administration of conventional liposomes. No differences were observed in drug retention or tumor (FSa-R or FSa-N) drug and liposomal lipid delivery when comparisons were made between different liposomal formulations. However, tumor doxorubicin concentrations were increased as much as 4-fold for liposomal formulations relative to free drug. Further, there was a 1.5- to 2-fold increase in doxorubicin delivery to TAM-enriched FSa-N tumors compared with FSa-R tumors. Fluorescence microscopy studies revealed a poor correlation between CD11b (Mac-1) positive cells (TAMs) and the appearance of doxorubicin fluorescence. These results suggest that uptake of liposomal drugs by TAMs does not account for the enhanced accumulation of liposomal drugs in solid tumors. Rather, the increased tumor drug delivery may be related to alternative TAM-mediated processes that increase tumor vascular permeability. Therapeutic studies demonstrated that increased tumor drug uptake observed for the liposomal doxorubicin formulations led to marginal improvements in antitumor activity, and it is suggested that much of the drug delivered in liposomal form is not biologically available.

Animals↗