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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Incidence of Campylobacter pylori in a consecutive series of surgical patients referred for endoscopy.

Over a 9-month period, 109 consecutive patients referred from general surgical out-patient clinics for endoscopy were studied. The presenting symptoms, endoscopic diagnosis, clinical history and degree of histological gastritis were determined. The presence of the organism Campylobacter pylori in oesophageal, antral and duodenal biopsies was detected by a combination of culture, histology and fluorescence microscopy. C. pylori was identified in 49.5% of patients by at least one of the methods described. The organism was present only in antral biopsies in patients with both normal and abnormal endoscopies. The presence of C. pylori was significantly associated with the symptom of dyspepsia, and endoscopic diagnosis of peptic ulceration and a greater degree of histological gastritis. Analysis of the clinical history of the patients with a normal endoscopy suggests that a proportion of these patients (7 of 20) had previous evidence of peptic ulceration. Treatment with H2-receptor antagonists may heal ulceration but fails to eradicate C. pylori.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Campylobacter pylori: diagnostic value of the urease test during endoscopy].

The aims of this prospective study were a) to evaluate the diagnostic value of the urease test for the detection of C. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens, b) to specify the prevalence of C. pylori in a sample of 74 patients from the Grenoble area undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, c) to analyze the density of bacteria according to the biopsy site (antrum, body, edges of ulcer), d) to demonstrate any possible correlation between the histologic state of the antral and body mucosa and the presence of C. pylori. An antral biopsy was taken for the urease test during endoscopy. Biopsies were also taken from the body, the antrum and the edges of gastric or duodenal ulcers for bacterial and histologic studies, and urease test in the bacterial laboratory. The sensitivity and the specificity of the urease test during endoscopy varied according to the delay in observation of the color change. They were 0.81 and 0.84, respectively, at 2 h 30. The sensitivity and specificity of the urease test in the bacterial laboratory were 0.67 and 0.95, respectively, for the same delay. The global prevalence of C. pylori was 51 p. 100: it was 42 p. 100 in the absence of ulcer, 67 p. 100 in the presence of gastric ulcer, and 71 p. 100 in the presence of duodenal ulcer (p less than 0.05 compared to the group without ulcer).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Alizapride in upper digestive endoscopy. A double-blind study vs metoclopramide and placebo].

In order to assess the antiemetic properties of alizapride in the specific context of premedication for endoscopy, a double blind test was conducted on 100 patients against both metoclopramide and a placebo. Efficacy was assessed on the basis of the following parameters: technical judgement of the endoscopist; assessment of evident signs of "discomfort" by an outside observer; comparative judgement (better, worse, same) of the patient's condition after the two endoscopies performed. In the case of the first two parameters, alizapride proved significantly more effective than the control substances. The patients themselves only expressed a significant preference for alizapride vis-à-vis the placebo. It is concluded that given its efficacy and the absence of side effects, alizapride is of value in premedication for endoscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of Campylobacter pylori in patients undergoing upper endoscopy.

From August 1987 through July 1988, we evaluated antral biopsy specimens for Campylobacter pylori (CP) in 212 patients undergoing upper endoscopy. For those patients who had multiple endoscopies, the first endoscopy in which a urease test, histology, and culture were done was used to determine CP status. A patient was regarded as CP-positive if the culture was positive or if both a urease test and the histology were positive. Blacks had an increased CP positivity (61.2%) compared to whites (31.5%). Among non-ulcer patients, CP positivity was 52% in black patients and 18% in white patients. Age and gender were unrelated to CP positivity among controls and those without ulcers. There was increased CP positivity in patients with duodenal ulcers (85%), compared with those without ulcers (37%), and a trend toward increased positivity in those with gastric ulcer (53%) and duodenitis (50%). There was no increased CP positivity in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (28%), gastritis (29%), non-ulcer dyspepsia (43%), or the control patients with no gastroduodenal mucosal abnormalities (40%). CP-negative DU patients were older (average 71 yr) than CP-positive DU patients (43 yr), and female DU patients had a lower CP positivity (71%) than males (94%).

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Emergency endoscopy: its application in the department of medicine of a city hospital (author's transl)].

In about 90% of cases of active gastrointestinal hemorrage, sources and nature of bleeding can be identified exactly by means of emergency endoscopy. With time passing from the beginning of hemorrhage, diagnosis established by endoscopy is getting less precise. The most common cases of bleeding are peptic lesions, either esophageal, gastric, or duodenal; the most common site of hemorrhage is the stomach. Different potential points bleeding at the same time have to be take in account. A case report of Mallory-Weiss syndrome (13 episodes of hemorrhage) illustrated the method's value in establishing diagnosis of acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Special applications of emergency endoscopy in mental patients are described.

Emergencies↗
PubMed1978

[Methods and possibilities of surgical endoscopy].

In a number of diseases, operative or therapeutic endoscopy permits an effective therapy without the necessity to open up the abdominal wall and the digestive organs themselves. Included here are the removal of foreign bodies, haemostasis, papillotomy with concrement dislodgement, polypectomy and the obliteration of the excretory pancreas. The evaluation of the achieved results and the examination of operative endoscopy in respect of its clinical value cooperation with the pathologisz should not be neglected. The refined endoscopic methods and the highly developed technology can only be applied successfully, when it is possible to get enough skillful endoscopists and to prevent an everyman's endoscopy by which the new methods could be brought into discredit.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1979

[Value of endoscopy in the diagnosis of upper digestive tract hemorrhage].

In 11 years experience (67-78) we studied the importance of endoscopy in HDA. Were carried out 8300 esophagogastroduodenal endoscopies of which 2837 were HDA. The main reasons to follow these studies were: 1) Diagnostic of the HDA location; 2) Diagnostic of type of injury; 3) Injury intensity. Referring to the findings 30% were duodenal ulcer; 27% hemorrhagic gastritis; 17% gastric ulcer and 10% were due to VE. From the remaining 10% the most frequent were the esophagitis and gastric cancer. It is most important to show that aspiring added to alcohol in the most common cause of hemorrhagic gastritis. We have to point out that in 42 endoscopies performed in Intensive Care Service 10 of them were due to non-digestive causes. Through this method of diagnosis the Endoscopist has an important role to play in defining the prognosis and conduct to be followed.

Alcoholic Beverages↗
PubMed1987

[Cardiovascular complications of gastroenterologic endoscopy].

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract endoscopies are associated with a cardiovascular complication rate of 0.009% to 0.4%, which may be considered rare events. The endoscopy-associated lethality due to cardiovascular accidents ranges from 0.005% to 0.07%. Sinus tachycardia represents the most frequent cardiovascular finding, and vagolytic premedication often plays a causal role. Such accelerated heart rates may predispose to myocardial ischemia due to an augmented cardiac work load. Electrocardiographic alterations of the ST-T segment have been observed in 4% to 46% of upper GI tract endoscopy patients. Severe arrhythmias are rare phenomena. The cardiovascular risk of colonoscopy and laparoscopy appears to be even smaller as compared to gastroscopy. Advanced age, severe coronary heart disease and cor pulmonale may be useful indicants to identify a high risk patient subgroup.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1987

[Vascular endoscopy using a flexible fiberscope with a thin external diameter; experimental and clinical studies].

The purpose of this study is to evaluate capability of a fiberscope with a thin external diameter (2. 5mm, Olympus PF25-L) in observing the inner surface of blood vessels in animals and humans. Vascular endoscopy was firstly performed in three living dogs. The inner surface of canine abdominal aorta was not be fully inspected because of retrograde blood flow from the renal and lumbal arteries, but by blocking the proximal and distal blood flow using Fogarty catheters that of canine iliac artery including a flap of intima of 1mm diameter could be successfully observed. As clinical application of this endoscope the inspection of intravascular structures of Dardik's Biografts obliterated after peripheral bypass surgery were performed. In every case, bellows-like inner surface of this graft and several shapes of stenosis could be clearly recognized. Thus this endoscope presented the good optical quality, but due to lack of an angulating system visualization of anastomotic site was not achieved in most cases. No patient incurred complications of any sort. We conclude that vascular endoscopy using this type of endoscope can be performed safely, and provide useful information to the field of peripheral vascular surgery, but for the widespread clinical use of this vascular endoscopy, efforts should be made to improve the endoscope system itself and the method of effective interruption of blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Value of tracheobronchial endoscopy in facial burns].

41 patients suffering from facial burns had a systematic tracheo-bronchial endoscopy in the 24 hours after admission to hospital. There were 21 cases of explosion (town gas or explosives), 11 burns from flames (petrol) and 9 burns occurring during fires (in houses or cars). 12 patients showed isolated mucosal inflammation, 5 blackish deposits (of impacted soot) and blisters in 6 (with shreds of mucosa hanging loose); the endoscopy was normal in 18; 66% of those with blisters (4 cases out of 6) and 40% with blackened mucosa (2 cases out of 5) were observed in burns from fires. The 18 patients without endobronchial lesions and 12 patients with only mucosal inflammation did not develop respiratory complications; 5 patients presenting with blackish deposits later develop complications and 4 out of 6 patients presenting with extensive blistering died from these respiratory complications. A study of the evolution of the lesions, as far as could be ascertained from several cases enabled the rules of local therapy to be set in such patients: aspiration and unblocking of the airways by repeated aspiration and lavage. In conclusion, the frequency of tracheo-bronchial lesions and their significance when planning therapy and their consequences on the prognosis justify tracheo-bronchial endoscopy to be used routinely in burns to the face.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1979

[Therapeutic endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract].

In selected chapters of the therapeutic endoscopy we tried to represent secure knowledge, actual tendencies and partly future prognoses. Hereby completeness cannot be expected. However, it became clear that numerous physical principles became useful for the therapy with the endoscope. Chemical techniques, such as the litholysis of gall-stones are only at present used in our field. With all scepticism against the own field of interest one may say that the operative therapeutic endoscopy, as it is seen at the instance of the classification of polyps, has led to an improvement of the diagnostics, Its advantages in the therapeutic field are based on the fact that it substitutes larger operations. In the polypectomy- the intervention, avoiding laparotomy and colotomy, is reduced on the minimum given by the size of the polyp. The risk of endoscopic operations is small, compared with the alternative surgical interventions. Shortening of the duration of the disease and hospitalisation leads to lower expenses. Methods, such as the endoscopic haemostypsis or the obliteration of the pancreatic duct, need further detailed examinations. There is no doubt that the modern endoscopy has a strong technical fascination for many young physicians. It gets the greatest value in the hands of a clinically experienced physician.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1984

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in infants: diagnostic usefulness and safety.

Although fiberoptic, upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy has become an accepted diagnostic technique in the older child and adult, concerns about safety have limited the use of this procedure in infants. A 1-year experience with 49 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies in infants less than 25 months of age is reported. There were varied indications for the procedures, including upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and obstruction, but evaluation for esophagitis secondary to gastroesophageal reflux was most common. Procedures were performed without sedation in 45% of all infants studied, including 87% of infants less than 3 months of age; procedures were well tolerated. General anesthesia was used on only three occasions. A thorough examination was always possible, and biopsies were taken whenever indicated. Only one complication, transient bradycardia, occurred in a critically ill infant. This experience demonstrates that upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a safe and effective diagnostic aid in infants, and it can often be performed with little or no sedation.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1984

[Endoscopy of the maxillary sinus. Diagnostic and therapeutic value in chronic sinusitis].

Sinus endoscopy is now well established as an essential exploratory procedure for the study of rhinosinus affections. By direct endocavitary observation, after identification and evacuation of possible secretions, it enables the anatomical and functional state of the mucosa to be studied, as well as that of the ostial region. For the maxillary sinus, the most easily accessible, direct endoscopic examination has become indispensable for a precise diagnosis of any chronic inflammatory or infections process, when associated with cyto-bacteriologic, colorimetric, manometric and possibly histologic investigations, completing clinical and radiologic findings when necessary. Endoscopy can also often act as the primary therapeutic gesture, its evacuating and aerating properties relieving ostial dyspermeability, the principal cause of chronic maxillary sinusitis. Diagnostic and therapeutic features in this particularly frequent affection are discussed with respect to the use of endoscopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Personal experience with sinus endoscopy. Apropos of 120 cases of chronic sinusitis].

One hundred and twenty adults have benefitted from a full staging of their chronic maxillary sinusitis. The authors detail the place of endoscopy in the assessment and management of the different clinical presentations. The endoscopy will be useful only if a systematic examination is performed, of nose and paranasal cavities, both optically and manometrically. Nature and severity of the disease can be evaluated by summarizing of the patient findings of story, clinical, radiological examinations and biological data. Endoscopy constitutes nor a valuable diagnostic tool, nor a therapeutic approach, conducting conservative treatment and avoiding some radical surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Therapeutic endoscopy].

The most important promotor for the development of techniques for therapeutic endoscopy was diagnostic polypectomy. This review gives a survey of modern techniques applied in therapeutic endoscopy: 1) Polypectomy: on the basis of the author's experience all colorectal polyps should be removed by endoscopy. This recommendation is based on the findings that 80% of these polyps are of neoplastic origin. In the upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopic polypectomy is not so important since 75% of the polyps are of regenerative nature and only 2% appear to be primary malignant. 2) Control of bleeding: endoscopic control of bleeding is of high value as acute primary procedure. In the author's experience the modified use of electrocoagulation is preferable to the laser beam technique since it is less expensive and more mobile. 3) Endoscopic papillotomy and removal of stones: 10.9% complications were observed in 647 papillotomies, pancreatitis (2.6%) and bleeding (2.5%) being the most important. A mechanical lithotriptor is presented as a new device for lithotripsy in the common bile duct. So far 10 patients have been treated successfully by this technique. Other techniques like endoscopic prothetics or occlusion of the pancreatic duct are discussed including the author's preliminary experiences with these new techniques, that are still at experimental stage.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

[Emergency endoscopy in upper digestive tract hemorrhage].

The experience in upper G.I. tract hemorrhage accumulated during the first 30 months in the Emergency Hemorrhage Unit at the Hospital Posadas is here reported over a total of 428 endoscopies, we found 518 lesions. Ninety one (21%) presented with active bleeding, and 317 (76%) were considered as the probable cause of the bleeding. In 37 cases (8.6%) the site of bleeding was detected, but the diagnosis wasn't done. The most frequent lesions were erosive gastritis (21.2%), gastric ulcer (20%), erosive duodenitis (12.6%), duodenal ulcer (12.15%) and esophageal varices (12.12%) the diagnosis was normal 14.7% of the cases. One hundred and sixty one patients were admitted to the hospital; on 143 (88.82%) patients the original diagnosis was confirmed but it was modified in 18 patients (11.18%) by surgery or repeated endoscopy. During the last 20 months of the period the accuracy diagnostic of the endoscopy increased 95%. When compared with the first 10 months (76%) this fact shows, the importance of the experience acquired by the endoscopist. Most of the patients received medical treatment with a mortality of 9.02% and 25 patients received surgical treatment with a mortality of 28%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Cardiovascular responses to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Continuous Holter monitoring and serial blood pressure recordings were obtained during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy on 51 unselected patients, 18 with cardiovascular disease. Sedation with intravenous diazepam produced a small but significant fall (P is less than .001) in blood pressure, heart rate and rate-pressure product. During endoscopy, the blood pressure rose only to base line levels but the heart rate and rate-pressure product went significantly higher (P is less than .001). Nine subjects (fice with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, four normal) exhibited electrocardiographic changes, including supraventricular arrhythmias, ventricular ectopy and significant ST segment depression. None of the patients had bradycardia or significant vagal symptomatology. The difference in incidence of abnormalities between the normal patients (4/33) and those with cardiovascular disease (5/18) was not statistically significant (P = 0.3). Endoscopy can be safely performed even in patients with cardiovascular diseasebut attention to the reduction of cardiac stress would further increase its safety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Endoscopy in the evaluation of patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms: indications, expectations, and interpretation.

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the most sensitive diagnostic test in patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Endoscopy performed by trained examiners, however, still misses lesions. Single-contrast upper gastrointestinal x-ray adds little new information to a complete endoscopic examination by a trained endoscopist. With the availability of "skinny" endoscopes as well as the ability to obtain directed cytology and biopsy via the endoscope, a clinician may well choose upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as the first and possible only diagnostic test in the evaluation of upper gastrointestinal symptoms. The cost of the procedure, however, and the limited availability of trained endoscopists may inhibit the widespread use of this procedure as the initial diagnostic test.

Biopsy↗