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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Evaluation of size variation between endodontic finger spreaders and accessory gutta-percha cones.

The diameter of nine sizes of three brands of endodontic spreaders was measured at D1 and D16 and compared with corresponding sizes of six brands of accessory gutta-percha cones. Two evaluators independently measured 20 randomly selected samples of each size of finger spreader and accessory gutta-percha cone. A standardized method of measurement was used for all samples and the interrater reliability was found to be extremely high using this methodology. Results indicated that very few of the diameters corresponded when like sizes of finger spreaders and accessory gutta-percha cones were compared. We concluded that there is a need for standardization by the manufacturer of finger spreaders so that accessory gutta-percha cones will fit into the space created by corresponding sized finger spreaders.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1991

Thermally induced pulpalgia in endodontically treated teeth.

Two cases of thermally induced pulpalgia in teeth previously endodontically treated are presented. Reproduction of the patient's chief complaint was the key to identifying the teeth involved. In both cases, the pulpalgia was stimulated by heat. After locating and treating an unfilled canal, the teeth have remained asymptomatic. Possible explanations for this occurrence are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of endodontic file tip quality.

Tip angulation and four visual characteristics denoting manufacturing quality of endodontic files were studied. One-hundred eighty K-type, Hedstrom, and Flex-type files from two manufacturers (Kerr and Mallefer) were evaluated. Photomicrographs (x 115) were made of each file. Two evaluators examined the photomicrographs. Tip angulation was studied to determine if files were compliant with ANSI/ADA Specification Nos. 28 and 58. The four visual characteristics compared in the study were symmetry versus asymmetry, smooth versus irregular, tip configuration, and shoulder configuration. Statistical analysis was made using the chi-square method. Mallefer files appear to be more in conformity with specifications for tip angle and more meticulously manufactured than Kerr files. Kerr Hedstrom files appear to conform less often to tip angle specifications than Kerr K-type or K-Flex files. K-type and Flex-type file tips appear to be better manufactured than Hedstrom file tips. Certification status of a file manufacturer did not correlate with a higher level of compliance with tip angulation specifications or with a better machined file tip.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1990

Factors affecting the long-term results of endodontic treatment.

The influence of various factors that may affect the outcome of root canal therapy was evaluated in 356 patients 8 to 10 yr after the treatment. The results of treatment were directly dependent on the preoperative status of the pulp and periapical tissues. The rate of success for cases with vital or nonvital pulps but having no periapical radiolucency exceeded 96%, whereas only 86% of the cases with pulp necrosis and periapical radiolucency showed apical healing. The possibility of instrumenting the root canal to its full length and the level of root filling significantly affected the outcome of treatment. Of all of the periapical lesions present on previously root-filled teeth, only 62% healed after retreatment. The predictability from clinical and radiographic signs of the treatment-outcome in individual cases with preoperative periapical lesions cases was found to be low. Thus, factors which were not measured or identified may be critical to the outcome of endodontic treatment.

Dental Pulp Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Adjuncts to posterior endodontic surgery.

Adjuncts to posterior endodontic surgery include fiberoptics, high-torque handpieces, and optical magnification. These current technologies allow the clinician to expand and amplify his surgical techniques. The patient can now have the benefit of treatment options not available previously.

Apicoectomy↗
PubMed1990

The influence of two handle designs and gloves on the performance of a simulated endodontic task.

Forty dental students used an endodontic simulator to determine the effect of two different instrument handles. A manipulative procedure was timed with and without well-fitting gloves. A barrel-shaped handle produced faster times both with and without gloves. This difference between handles was of possible statistical significance only when gloves were used (p less than 0.06). The differences between wearing and not wearing gloves were extremely small for both instruments.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1975

Clinical, radiographic, and histological study of endodontically treated retained roots to preserve alveolar bone.

Endodontically treated, submerged roots in two Macaca speciosa monkeys were studied clinically, radiographically, and histologically. The roots were successfully covered by soft tissue, except in two areas. In several sites, radiographic evidence of bone formation was observed; this was confirmed by histologic examination. Bone formation coronal to the submerged roots was not a predictable occurrence. Even though epithelium and inflammation commonly occurred over the amputation sites, their presence did not seem to affect bone formation.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1989

Nonsurgical endodontic treatment of a tooth with double dens in dente.

A case of "double" dens in dente with an open apex and periapical lesion is reported. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment was performed. The canals were medicated for 5 months with calcium hydroxide before obturation with combined sectional and thermoplasticized warm gutta-percha. Follow-up revealed an asymptomatic patient and a reduction in size of the periapical lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of three core buildup materials used in conjunction with two post systems in endodontically treated anterior teeth.

Fifty extracted maxillary central incisors with the crowns removed 1 mm coronal to the labial cementoenamel junction were endodontically treated. Post spaces were made 7 mm into the roots prior to cementing a 13-mm post with zinc phosphate cement. Twenty-five of the teeth were restored using a #6 (0.060-inch) Para-Post, and the remaining 25 teeth were restored with a #6 Para-Post Plus. Three core buildup materials, Ketac-Silver, Miracle Mix, and Tytin alloy were used in conjunction with the posts. Cast gold copings 10 mm in height with 1 mm collar on the root were cemented to the buildups. The teeth were loaded to failure at 130 degrees to the long axis of the root from the lingual with an Instron testing machine. The mean failure load of all of the teeth in this study was 21.6 kg. All of the teeth failed when the posts dislodged from the canals. The Para-Post Plus was not significantly more retentive than the Para-Post. No failures occurred within the buildup materials. No significant differences were demonstrated between the mean failure loads of the different buildup materials. Increased buccolingual root diameter, however, had a positive correlation (r = 0.46) with higher failure loads which was statistically significant (p less than 0.001).

Crowns↗
PubMed1989

A radiographic, histological, and histometric study of endodontic materials.

Silicone tubes filled with CRCS, a calcium hydroxide-based cement, were implanted at two different localizations in the right tibias of white male Wistar rats. A similar number of solid silicone rods were implanted in the left tibias of the same animals and were used as inert controls. Fifteen days after implantation the bone tissue reactions to these materials were evaluated by means of radiographic, histological, and histometric methods. The radiographic and histometric analysis of the tissues around the deep end of the implants showed that the amount of reactional bone formation in contact with CRCS was significantly lower than that observed in contact with the controls (p less than 0.01). Also, the cell counts obtained from the tissues in contact with CRCS were significantly less than those obtained from the controls (p less than 0.01). This methodology appears to be a refined procedure for analyzing the possible toxic effects of endodontic materials in bone tissues. However, we feel that more extensive experiments will be necessary before predicting the long-term results which could be obtained from this experimental model.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A microleakage study of temporary restorative materials used in endodontics.

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the sealing properties of various temporary restorative materials used in standard endodontic access preparations by using a newly introduced fluid filtration method. The materials tested were Cavit, Cavit-G, TERM, glass ionomer cement, zinc phosphate cement, polycarboxylate cement, and IRM. Extracted human incisor, canine, and premolar teeth were used, and each tooth served as its own control by testing for microleakage prior to access preparation. Following access preparation, cotton pellets were placed in the pulp chamber so that the space remaining for the restoration was 4 mm. Immediately after placement of the restoration, the teeth were immersed in Ringer's solution and incubated at 37 degrees C. Microleakage was measured after various time intervals. The results indicated that Cavit, Cavit-G, TERM, and glass ionomer cement provided leakproof seals during the 8-wk testing period, while leakage was observed in 4 of the 10 teeth restored with zinc phosphate cement. IRM and polycarboxylate cement were the least effective of the materials tested for preventing microleakage.

Calcium Sulfate↗
PubMed1989

Coronal microleakage of permanent lingual access restorations in endodontically treated anterior teeth.

Forty-six intact extracted human anterior teeth were treated endodontically with laterally condensed gutta-percha and sealer. The teeth were restored with a base of either zinc phosphate or temporary stopping and a permanent restoration of either acid etched composite resin with GLUMA as the dentin bonding agent or with Ketac-Fil glass ionomer. The teeth were thermocycled, coated with nail varnish (except for the access), immersed in silver nitrate, developed, and sectioned longitudinally. The linear dye penetration was measured. All restorations permitted leakage into the base. All groups had specimens which leaked into the gutta-percha. There was a tendency for the glass ionomer/zinc phosphate group to leak least, but there were no statistically significant differences among the groups.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1989

The effects of steam sterilization and usage on cutting efficiency of endodontic instruments.

The effects of steam sterilization and usage on sharpness were evaluated on #25 endodontic files. Files were used to instrument 1, 5, and 10 molars. Control groups determined the effect of steam sterilization alone on cutting efficiency of unused files. A cutting efficiency test was performed on an apparatus that compares sharpness of files when used in linear motion. Scanning electron microscopic analysis was performed in each group. Significant differences were found between experimental files used to instrument 1 molar and those used for 5 or 10 molars. The difference in cutting efficiency between the second and third experimental groups was not significant, indicating that most of the decrease in sharpness occurred with use between one and five molars. No significant difference was found between the control groups, indicating no decrease in cutting efficiency by sterilization alone. The scanning electron microscopic analysis supported the statistical data.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed1989

A statistical analysis of surgical and nonsurgical endodontic retreatment cases.

A total of 1300 endodontic patient charts were analyzed for factors that may have contributed to the failure of the original treatment or the success of the retreatment. Of those surveyed, 667 had recall information of 6 months or more and were used to consider success rates. The remaining cases were analyzed for other information. The findings were tabulated and analyzed by computer for significant relationships. The overall success rate for retreatment was 65.6% with an additional category of "uncertain" of 18.3%. Surgical treatment was necessary to retreat 53.5% of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Endodontic overextension produced by injected thermoplasticized gutta-percha.

Obturation of the root canal space with an inert filling material and creation of a hermetic apical seal has been shown to improve the success rate of endodontic therapy. A new technique of canal obturation with injection-molded thermoplasticized gutta-percha has been shown to create a good apical seal. However, failure to determine accurately the canal working length and create an apical stop in sound dentin can lead to overextension of the gutta-percha into the periradicular bone. A case of significant overextension of gutta-percha using this new technique is presented along with its ramifications and management.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Effects of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization procedures on the cutting efficiency of endodontic files.

The effects of various cleaning, chemical disinfection, and sterilization procedures on the cutting efficiency of endodontic instruments Unifile (De Trey, Bois Colombes, France), (Flexofile Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), and H-File (Maillefer)) were investigated. The cross-infection control treatment procedures investigated were as follows: chemical disinfection--NaOCl (2.5%) for 12 and 48 h, and NH4 (5%) for 1 and 4 h; ultrasonic cleaning for 4 and 16 cycles of 15 min; and sterilization methods with chemiclave for 5 and 10 cycles of 20 min, Poupinel for 5 and 10 cycles of 120 min at 180 degrees C and glass beads for 10 and 40 cycles of 40 at 250 degrees C. Cutting efficiency was evaluated as the mass of Plexiglas cut per unit of energy expended by the instrument in microgram/Joule. The cutting efficiency decreased from 1 to 77%, depending on the file design and type of treatment procedures. Heat sterilization (Poupinel) did not modify the cutting efficiency of Unifile and Flexofile. The decrease in cutting efficiency was independent of frequency and duration of treatment procedures.

Ammonia↗