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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[The Ascorbic Acid Reference Standard (Control 931) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

Raw ascorbic acid material was tested for preparation of the "Ascorbic Acid Reference Standard (Control 931)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: infrared spectrum, the same as that of the JP Ascorbic Acid Reference Standard; optical rotation -alpha-20D, + 21.4 degrees; melting point, 190.3 degrees C (decomposition); loss on drying, 0.02%; assay result, 100.1% by iodometry. Based on the above findings, the raw material was authorized as the JP Ascorbic Acid Reference Standard (Control 931).

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1994

[The Cyclandelate Reference Standard (Control 931) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

Raw cyclandelate material was tested for preparation of the "Cyclandelate Reference Standard (Control 931)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: melting point, 57.4 degrees C; ultraviolet spectrum, lambdamax = 252.0, 258.1 and 264.1 nm and E 1cm 1% = 5.85 (252.0 nm), 6.95 (258.1 nm), 5.30 (264.1 nm), respectively; infrared spectrum, the same as that of the JP Cyclandelate Reference Standard; thin-layer chromatography, no impurities were detected up to 1000 micro g; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), no impurities were detected; loss on drying, 0.03%; assay result, 101.4% by HPLC. Based on the above findings, the raw material was authorized as the JP Cyclandelate Reference Standard (Control 931).

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1994

[The Alprostajil Reference Standard (Control 921) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

Raw alprostajil material was examined for preparation of the "Alprostajil Reference Standard (Control 921)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: infrared spectrum, the same as that of the USP Alprostajil Reference Standard; thin-layer chromatography, no impurities were detected up to 20 micro g; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), no impurities were detected; assay result, 99.6% by HPLC. Based on the above findings, this raw material was authorized as the NIHS Alprostajil Reference Standard (Control 921).

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1994

[The Thiamine Hydrochloride Reference Standard (Control 931) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

Raw thiamine hydrochloride material was tested for preparation of the "Thiamine Hydrochloride Reference Standard (Control 931)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: melting point, 242.7 degrees C (decomposition); infrared spectrum, the same as that of the JP Thiamine Hydrochloride Reference Standard; thin-layer chromatography, one impurity was detected; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a trace amount of one impurity was detected; assay results, 100.4% by UV spectrophotometry and 100.0% by HPLC, respectively. Based on the above findings, the raw material was authorized as the JP Thiamine Hydrochloride Reference Standard (Control 931).

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1994

[The Testosterone Propionate Reference Standard (Control 881) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

Raw testosterone propionate material was tested for preparation of the "Testosterone Propionate Reference Standard (Control 881)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: loss on drying, 0.1%; melting point, 120.6 degrees C; optical rotation [alpha]20D = + 85.4 degrees; ultraviolet spectrum, lambdamax = 241 nm and specific absorbance E 1cm1% (241 nm) = 483; infrared spectrum, the same as that of the NIHS Testosterone Propionate Reference Standard; thin-layer chromatography, no impurities were detected; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), one impurity was detected; assay result, 100.6% by UV spectrophotometry. Based on the above findings, the raw material was authorized as the Testosterone Propionate Reference Standard (Control 881) of the National Institute of Health Sciences.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1996

Influence of Ukrain on breast cancer.

The influence of Ukrain on breast cancer was studied in ten women and monitored in each patient by clinical examination, mammography, ultrasonography, histopathology and immunofluorescence in the tissue material obtained after radical mastectomy performed ten days after discontinuation of the treatment. Observations accumulated during the study and analytical data support the view that Ukrain, by changing the antigenic expression of malignant cells, make them recognizable for the immune system which rejects them in a host-versus graft manner.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Simultaneous radioassay of serum vitamin B12 and folic acid.

The radioassays of vitamin B12 and folic acid can be carried out in a single tube to give the simultaneous assay of both vitamins in 100 microliter of serum. Release of bound vitamins from their endogenous binders and the destruction of these binders are effected by a heating step at pH 9.3. The subsequent binding reactions with hog intrinsic factor and milk binder protein proceed advantageously and simultaneously in the same tube at pH 9.3. A single set of dual reagents replaces two sets of reagents that would normally be used for separate radioassays. Complete separation of bound radioactivities, [57Co]cyanocobalamin and 125I-labeled folate derivative, is obtained in a dual-channel gamma counter with no requirement for any correction for spill-over of counting data. Analytical results are comparable to those found for previously developed individual radioassays. The simultaneous assay has decreased technical time of analysis for these interrelated vitamins by about 50%.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1996

Differential scanning calorimetry of the irreversible thermal denaturation of cellulase from Streptomyces halstedii JM8.

High-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry has been applied to characterize the irreversible thermal denaturation of a cellulase, assuming that thermal denaturation takes place according to the kinetic scheme N-k-->D, where k is a first-order kinetic constant that changes with temperature, as given by the Arrhenius equation; N the native state, and D the denatured one. On the basis of this model, the values of the rate constant as a function of temperature and the activation energy were calculated. The analytical data obtained with the fluorescence method as well by measurement of the enzymatic activity temperature dependence support this two-state kinetic model.

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning↗
PubMed1996

Analytical methodology and regulations for ochratoxin A.

Various methods exist to determine ochratoxin A. Currently they are often based on high performance liquid chromatography, but thin layer chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay are also applied. Immunoaffinity column purification of extracts is an attractive approach to obtain clean extracts. Analytical quality assurance is essential to guarantee the integrity of analytical data and the use of reference materials plays an important role in this respect. (Proposed) regulations for ochratoxin A have been established in at least eight countries. The tolerance levels vary widely and the scientific basis for them appears to be weak.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1996

Understanding relapse in the broader context of post-treatment functioning.

There exists much interest in developing more sophisticated conceptual and data analytic frameworks for evaluating and understanding the post-treatment functioning of alcoholics. Much of this interest has been fostered by the systematic research endeavors of Moos and his colleagues, whose "systems model" of treatment outcome closely parallels multivariate models of illness and health. This article focuses on an extrapolation of the systems model to the study of relapse, viewing relapse as one outcome of a set of independent variables that include person and environmental factors. The subjects were 142 clients entering either inpatient or outpatient treatment for alcoholism. Preliminary assessments, using path analyses and multiple regression models, are presented on the interrelationships between background characteristics, pretreatment alcohol involvement/ symptomatology, treatment, coping skills/responses, stressors and relapse/outcome following treatment entry. The results overall showed a considerable amount of convergence in the sense that the composite "blocks" representing background characteristics, alcohol involvement/symptomatology and coping skills/responses generally were significant predictors of various relapse and other posttreatment functioning variables. However, the variables contributing to the predictive power of a particular composite varied as a function of the dependent variable being assessed. The conceptual model and associated analytic strategies guiding this research would appear to hold much potential for advancing knowledge in this area.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

[Air pollution and its health effects on residents in Taiwanese communities].

The are a number of particular features of air pollution in Taiwan, as described below: (1) In Taiwan area, the air load of pollutants is more serious than previously reported. (2) There exists severe air pollution throughout the island. (3) Industry is the major source of pollution. (4) No demarcation exists between plants and residential quarters. (5) There is a high concentration of pollutants indoors/outdoors. The influence of air pollution spreads over all aspects of physical health, primarily on the respiratory tract, causing lung cancer and exaggerating cardiovascular diseases. A few Taiwanese studies are reviewed below which deserve more elaboration. (1) Use PM10 for indexing health effect. The annual average value of PM10 in Taiwan has been around 70 micrograms/m3 in 1994. Dr. Schwarz indicated that no safety margin could be derived; for each additional 10 micrograms/ m3 of PM10, the death number could be increased by 1% on the basis of Western studies. (2) Research with reference to lung cancer cases in the Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital. Living within 3 km of industrial district counted for 9% of cases and caused a 6-fold increase in the risk of disease for people living more than 20 years in the case control study for lung cancer. (3) Death due to cancer of inhabitants close to petroleum and petrochemical industries. For youths and children below 20 years, cancers related to brain tumors were 2-4 fold of what was expected deaths. Analysis of another petrochemical complex in Chienchen, Kaohsiung, revealed the inhabitants within 1 km showed a higher standardized mortality ratio for cancers of the lung, kidney, urinary bladder, and leukemia than was to be expected. (4) Lower lung function and higher incidence of respiratory diseases among residents near a coal-fired power plant (within 3 Km) compared to residents who lived further away from the plant (3-11 Km). (5) Lead contamination around a kindergarten near a battery recycling plant. There was increased lead absorption among children of the exposed kindergarten and its this was associated with the extent of air and soil pollution in the surrounding area. In considering above limited epidemiologic evidence, the following recommendations are presented: (1) to conduct investigation promptly for the correlation of air pollution to disease morbidity and death of inhabitants of Taiwan. (2) to reevaluate ambient air quality standards on the basis of Taiwanese health studies. (3) to assess the analytical data of past records on the concentrations of air pollutants. (4) collection of surcharge fee for air pollution. (5) Regulation for compensation of pollution victims among industry. (6) development of environmental health related industries. (7) Participation of various parties who are concerned the environmental health. One thing is certain, everyong would be able to breath air which, as far as possible, is clean.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1996

Determination of chromium and nickel in commercial foam bath products by ETA-AAS.

The presence of some inorganic elements, such as Ni and Cr in cosmetic products could be responsible for some skin diseases, such as allergic dermatitis. This paper deals with the determination of these two elements in commercial samples of foam bath products by means of the ETA-AAS technique. Four different analytical procedures for sample digestion are evaluated and discussed. Results indicated that the high-pressure microwave digestion is the best procedure for treatment of the complex matrices considered in the study. Chromium values were in the range of 22-199 micrograms/kg, whereas those of nickel fell within the range 26-287 micrograms/kg. The detection limit (3 sigma) of the whole procedure was 3 micrograms/kg for Cr and 15 micrograms/kg for Ni. The analytical data demonstrated that both Ni and Cr were present in all the samples at very low concentrations, and that foam bath products are a relatively minor source of exposure to these elements.

Chromium↗
PubMed1996

[Digitoxin Reference Standard (Control 951) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

The raw material of digitoxin was tested for preparation of the "Digitoxin Reference Standard (Control 951)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: loss on drying, 0.0%; infrared spectrum, the same as that of the JP Digitoxin Reference Standard (Control 845); thin-layer chromatography, no impurity was detected; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), two kinds of impurities were detected and the total amount was estimated to be 0.16 +/- 0.01% (n = 3); assay, 99.0% by HPLC. Based on the above results, the raw material was authorized as the JP Digitoxin Reference Standard (Control 951).

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1996

[Betamethasone Reference Standard (Control 951) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

The raw material of betamethasone was tested for preparation of the "Betamethasone Reference Standard (Control 951)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: loss on drying, 0.0%; infrared spectrum, the same as that of the JP Betamethasone Reference Standard (Control 845); thin-layer chromatography, no impurity was detected; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), two kinds of impurities were detected and the total amount was estimated to be 0.16 +/- 0.01% (n = 3); assay, 100.0% by HPLC. Based on the above results, the raw material was authorized as the JP Betamethasone Reference Standard (Control 951).

Betamethasone↗
PubMed1996

[Tocopherol Acetate Reference Standard (Control 941) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

The raw material of tocopherol acetate was tested for the preparation of the "Tocopherol Acetate Reference Standard (Control 941)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: infrared spectrum, the same as that of the Tocopherol Acetate Reference Standard (Control 919); specific absorbance, E1(1%)cm (284nm) = 44.5; thin-layer chromatography, no impurities were detected until 50.0 micrograms; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 2-3 impurities were detected and the amount was estimated to be about 1%; assay by HPLC, 100.8%. Based on the above results, the raw material was authorized as the Japanese Pharmacopoeia Reference Standard (Control 941).

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1996

[Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 951) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

The raw material of cyanocobalamin was tested for preparation of the "Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 951)". Analytical data obtained are as follows: loss on drying, 1.8%; infrared spectrum, the same as that of the JP Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 936); thin-layer chromatography, three impurities were detected; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), eight to nine kinds of impurities were detected and the total amount of impurities was estimated to be 1.6 +/- 0.13% (n = 4); assay, 99.7% by spectrophotometry specified in the JP XII and 100.4% by HPLC, respectively. Based on the above results, the raw material was authorized as the JP Cyanocobalamin Reference Standard (Control 951).

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1996

[dl-Camphor Reference Standard (Control 951) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].

The raw material of dl-camphor was examined for the preparation of the "dl-Camphor Reference Standard". Analytical data obtained are as follows: ultraviolet spectrum, lambda max = 290 nm; infrared spectrum, the same as that of the present JP Camphor Reference Standard; melting point, 179.6 degrees C; purity test by gas-chromatography (GC), three kinds of impurities were detected; assay by GC, 99.0%. Based on the above results, the candidate raw material was authorized as the JP Reference Standard (Control 951).

Camphor↗
PubMed1996

[Studies on "Fast Green FCF Standard" for the dye standard on the National Institute of Health Sciences].

The raw material for Fast Green FCF was tested for preparation of the "Fast Green FCF Standard (C.I. 42053)". Analytical data obtained were as follows: paper chromatography, only one spot is observed; arsenic content, 0.38 microgram/g; chloride content, 0.11%; sulfate content, 3.30%; heavy metals, lead, 8.0 micrograms/g, manganese, 28.1 micrograms/g, and chromium, 1.6 micrograms/g; infrared spectra, 1575 cm-1, 1169 cm-1, and 1033 cm-1; loss on drying, 2.39%; assay, 93.0% by the titanium trichloride titration. Based on the above results, the raw material was authorized as the Dye Standard of National Institute of Health Sciences.

Coloring Agents↗