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PubMedDate not supplied

[E-mail in psychotherapy--an aftercare model via electronic mail for psychotherapy inpatients].

We introduce an aftercare program for psychotherapy inpatients, which is based on regular communication via E-mail. The organizational and operational structure of the program are described within the context of computer mediated communication. First results on utilization and acceptance are reported. In comparison to patients who did not participate in either aftercare program of the clinic, the E-mail participants are younger and higher educated. Inpatient treatment of the participants was three days shorter in duration than that of non participants. Both groups were similar with regard to symptom distress at discharge from hospital. A low dropout rate of 8%, the high activity and satisfaction emphasize the positive acceptance of the program. Therapists' E-mail activity turned out to be important for the participants. Neither age, internet experience or symptom related variables nor the own E-mail activity were associated with participants' evaluation of the new service. Based on these first positive experiences the perspectives of using E-mail in psychotherapy will be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The field of health communication today: an up-to-date report.

One important starting point for the field of health communication was the Stanford Heart Disease Prevention Program, a multiyear community intervention that began 25 years ago. Health communication is a specialty field of communication study that includes the media agenda-setting process for health issues; media advocacy for health; scientific communication among biomedical scientists; doctor-patient communication; and, particularly, the design and evaluation of preventive health communication campaigns, the focus of this article. Health communication study today is a well-established, expanding specialty in the United States and abroad.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Programmed complex for automated prophylactic check-ups of chronic outpatients. Communication 1. Tasks and fundamentals].

The authors present the fundamentals of making outpatient computer case histories for prophylactic check-ups of chronic outpatients with ocular diseases. They validate the necessity of creating mononosological versions of computer histories which should not only describe the underlying diseases in detail, but reflect any concomitant ocular disease as well. The basic criteria formulated by the authors helped create a computer history of a modulus type, which may be easily mastered by physicians within just 2-3 hours and be adapted to research of this or that patient population. The authors emphasize the importance of creating and wide use of software in everyday practical medicine.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Present status of forensic analyses and possible approach for a rapid identification of toxins].

Frequency of public harm that associated with hazardous chemicals has been increasing in the last several years. These incidents involve nerve gas attacks on Matsumoto-city and on the subways in central Tokyo, doping in sports, amphetamines abuse problem among adolescent boys and girls, potential health risks due to a contamination of environment by endocrine disrupters, and scheduled contamination of foods and drinks by several toxic compounds. US government has learnt from unexpected Sarin-affairs in Japan, and fast-track defensive action has been taken in the USA for a better safe of general public. The Japanese system for forensic analyses consists of a number of in-organizational laboratories that founded in each individual universities, hospitals and police offices etc. Such system allows laboratories to fit regional requirements and to achieve highly professional outcome on a specific area depending on their scientific interests. On the other hand, such situation sometime can cause difficulty in timely identification of certain compounds, which are not frequently analyzed in their laboratories. This paper refers to the possible bottlenecks, critical points and key success factors for a rapid identification of toxins. Two stage testing systems, namely, a) simple rapid examination such as one-step specific immunoassays for on-site emergency testing, and b) following conclusive identification of the compounds in the nearest expert laboratories seemed to be effective and practical corrective measures for the problems that were focused in the recent crises. Documentation of the course of action to be taken in case of emergency, improved supply system of reference standards, circulation of information through the Internet mailing list or other communication infrastructures, use of quality control program, and financial supporting of other educational programs for analyses, may improve the situation.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2000

Care for older persons. Are divisional programs meeting needs?

BACKGROUND: A national forum on healthy ageing was convened for divisions of general practice in November 1998. OBJECTIVE: Views of delegates were sought regarding divisional programs for older people related to the following areas: working in collaboration; integration; the context of the older person; ageism; and structural barriers. These areas were felt to influence success of current prospects for future programs for older people. DISCUSSION: Further communication, collaboration and integration appears essential to realise the potential that general practice offers to programs for older people. Issues from the forum are discussed in relation to relevant National General Practice Strategy Review and the changes introduced into the Medical Benefits Schedule in November 1999. Consideration of these themes will aid future divisional programs for older people.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Communication skills training for dental students.

It is important to teach future health professionals about human interaction, a process that will underlie their technical procedures throughout their careers. In the past there have been problems with student acceptance of such teaching. This paper reports a promising attempt to increase the perceived relevance and credibility of a course in communication skills for dental students. Two important features of this course are (1) the use of video-taped communication vignettes, derived from actual dental office situations, to increase the perceived relevance of the program for the dental student and (2) the use of selected clinical dental faculty members as group facilitators to increase the credibility of the program.

Communication↗
PubMed1993

Effective communication: a powerful risk management tool.

Physicians can employ communication techniques to improve patient diagnoses, outcomes, and satisfaction and ultimately to decrease their risk of malpractice suit. The skills outlined in this article form the basis of the Miles Program for Physician-Patient Communication of which the author is a participant.

Communication↗
PubMed1995

Information to and communication with cancer patients: improvements and psychosocial correlates in a comprehensive care program for patients and their relatives.

Between 1987 and 1989, 177 cancer patients who were to receive intensive chemotherapy with curative intention, participated in a comprehensive care project with the aim of improving their total situation, and that of their relatives (n = 120). A number of steps were taken to improve, among other things, the information to, and communication with, patients and their relatives. Compared with a pre-project evaluation in 54 patients and 24 relatives, significantly lower problem scores were seen in most aspects relating to interaction with medical staff. Strong associations were seen between, on the one hand, various aspects of patient- and relative-staff interaction and, on the other, psychosocial problems, although they were weaker for problems relating to information, than for communication and control problems.

Communication↗
PubMed1996

Parental educational program: effectiveness and retention.

55 parents of adolescent children were asked to rate the effectiveness of their communication with their adolescents before and after a 10-wk. parent educational program encouraging authoritative parent-adolescent interactions. Parents reported improved effectiveness of communication from the pre- to post-program assessment times. Retention was compared across groups receiving high and low support in attendance of meetings, but retention did not differ across the two groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Nursing quality assurance: a process, not a tool.

A meaningful quality assurance program comes only with appropriate knowledge, communication, and accountability for all quality assurance functions among nurses at all levels. Describing the implementation of their quality assurance program, these authors tell of their eventual realization that, in fact, they had merely implemented a quality assurance tool that brought the nursing staff little benefit and a lot of grief. Highlighting the identified problems, the factors contributing to the program's failure, and the actions they took to develop and meet appropriate objectives, they detail their later, successful implementation of the concept and the process of quality assurance. Their experience provides readers with food for thought and stimulus for critical evaluations of their own quality assurance programs.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2000

DARWIN: a program for docking flexible molecules.

A new program named "DARWIN" has been developed to perform docking calculations with proteins and other biological molecules. The program uses the Genetic Algorithm to optimize the molecule's conformation and orientation under the selective pressure of minimizing the potential energy of the complex. A unique feature of DARWIN is that it communicates with the molecular mechanics program CHARMM to make the energy calculations. A second important feature is its parallel interface, which allows simultaneous use of multiple stand-alone copies of CHARMM to rapidly evaluate large numbers of potential solutions. This permits an "accuracy first" approach to docking, which avoids many of the common assumptions and shortcuts often made to reduce computation time. The method was applied to three protein-carbohydrate complexes: the crystallographically determined structures of Concanavalin A and Fab Se155-4; and a model structure for Fab ME36.1. Conformations close to the crystal structures were obtained with this approach, but some "false positive" solutions were also selected. Many of these could be eliminated by introducing different methods for simulating solvent effects. An effective screening method for docking a database of compounds to a single target enzyme using DARWIN is also presented.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1993

Preventing marital distress through communication and conflict management training: a 4- and 5-year follow-up.

This article reports the 4- and 5-year follow-up results of evaluating the effects of a marital distress prevention program. The program, Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Program (PREP), is a 5-session program designed to teach couples effective communication and conflict management skills. At the 5-year follow-up, intervention, as compared with control, couples had higher levels of positive and lower levels of negative communication skills and lower levels of marital violence. Data are also presented on couples who declined the program. Issues are discussed concerning selection effects, change mechanisms, and future directions for prevention research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Randomized trial testing a worksite sun protection program in an outdoor recreation industry.

Health communication campaigns intended to reduce chronic and severe exposure to ultraviolet radiation in sunlight and prevent skin cancer are a national priority. Outdoor workers represent an unaddressed, high-risk population. Go Sun Smart (GSS), a worksite sun safety program largely based on the diffusion-of-innovations theory, was evaluated in a pair-matched, group-randomized, pretest-posttest controlled design enrolling employees at 26 ski areas in Western North America. Employees at the intervention ski areas were more aware of GSS (odds ratio [OR] = 8.27, p < .05) and reported less sunburning (adjusted OR = 1.63, p < .05) at posttest than employees at the control areas. A dose response was evident (OR = 1.46, p < .05) with greater observed program implementation associated with fewer sunburns among employees. Program awareness per se was not predictive (p > .05) of reduced sunburning in a mediational analysis. Analyses of nonrespondents, including intent-to-treat analyses, further supported the success of GSS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Medical surveillance in work-site safety and health programs.

Businesses frequently call on family physicians to provide employee health services at the work site or in the clinician's office. These services include medical screening (detection of dysfunction or disease before an employee would ordinarily seek medical care) and medical surveillance (analysis of health information to identify workplace problems that require targeted prevention). Such services can transform acute care and routine screening activities into opportunities for primary prevention when they are integrated into the broader framework of work-site safety and health programs. Components of these programs include management commitment, employee participation, hazard identification and control, employee training and program evaluation. For optimal program success, family physicians must communicate with frontline safety officers and have first-hand knowledge of the workplace and its hazards. Professional and technical resources are available to guide the family physician in the role of medical surveillance program coordinator.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2006

Four core communication skills of highly effective practitioners.

For 40 years, medical researchers have been studying physician-patient interactions, and the results of these studies have yielded three basic conclusions: physician-patient interactions have an impact on patient health, patient and physician satisfaction, adherence to medical recommendations, and malpractice risk; communication is a core clinical skill and an essential component of clinical competence; and appropriate training programs can significantly change medical practitioners' communication knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Many of these findings are applicable to the practice of veterinary medicine.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1990

An organizational study of hazard communication. The health provider perspective.

Without question, the more involved nurses were in the elements of hazard identification and MSDS collection and review, the more they knew about the hazardous substances and work processes at the facility. But for the most part, nurses did not participate in Haz Com programs. The process of hazard communication is complicated by the serial transmission of information through a channel of actors, from chemical manufacturers, to managers, to health and safety professionals, and finally, to workers. The larger the number of health and safety professionals in the company, the more health and safety functions were specialized and the less nurses knew about the role of safety and industrial hygiene. The ability of the organization to affect the transfer of hazard information through nurses, by policies or procedures which sharply define the limits of health functions and safety functions, is supported by observations which transcend any individual variances among production sites and nurses.

Communication↗