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PubMedDate not supplied

BCR-ABL fusion peptides and cytotoxic T cells in chronic myeloid leukaemia.

The BCR-ABL gene that arises in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a neoantigen. Peptides derived from the BCR-ABL fusion junction may therefore be immunogenic, if appropriately presented to the immune system. This article reviews data demonstrating that certain junctional peptides will bind to HLA molecules, and that these peptides will elicit specific T-lymphocyte responses in vitro, in both normal subjects and in CML patients. The clinical relevance of these observations is discussed.

Antigen Presentation↗
PubMed1978

Relative phosphorus requirements of three strains of White Leghorn cockerels.

Three strains of White Leghorn Cockerels were fed a degerminated corn meal diet supplemented with graded levels of phosphorus. The basal diet which contained .30% phosphorus and .21% calcium was adjusted to contain added phosphorus levels of 0, .05, .10, or .15%, with calcium levels of .49, .47, .57 and .61%, respectively. At the end of a 21-day trial period, birds were group weighed by replicate, and four birds from each replicate sacrificed for bone ash determinations. The experiment was repeated one time. Maximum body weights of Babcock B-300 and Hyline W-36 chicks was attained at the .10% supplemental phosphorus level; whereas Kimber K-137 chick body weight data indicated a response beyond this point to the .15% level. Bone ash data indicated that there may be a difference in phosphorus requirement and/or utilization among the three strains. There was no significant response beyond the .10% supplemental phosphorus level when tibia ash values of the B-300 and W-36 chicks were analyzed. A significant response in ash values was noted, however, to the .15% supplemental phosphorus level with K-137 chicks.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The effect of low protein pullet growing diets on performance of laying hens housed in the fall.

A total of 6000 layer-type pullet chicks were fed either a low protein (9.1%) or a high protein (15.4%) diet from 8 through 18 weeks of the growing period in two experiments. All chicks were fed a commercial starter for the first 8 weeks and the high protein diet from 18 to 21 weeks of age. All chicks were grown in floor pens and were supplied feed and water ad libitum throughout the growing trial. They were placed in either a cage- or floor-laying house and fed a commercial layer diet for 12 periods of 28 days each. The experiment was repeated in the subsequent year. The low protein regimen was found to produce a smaller pullet, delay sexual maturity, delay production peaks, and maintain higher levels of production near the end of the laying period. Pullets fed the low protein grower diet had higher mortality during the growing period, greater feed intake during the laying period, eggs with higher Haugh unit values, and reduced egg production in the laying house.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Dietary and plasma phosphorus in hens with fatty liver syndrome.

Plasma inorganic phosphorus was determined in two experiments in hens that had fatty liver syndrome. In Experiment 1, plasma inorganic phosphorus was determined in twelve strains of hens all fed the same diet. Plasma inorganic phosphorus immediately following oviposition was elevated in all strains. The two strains in the first experiment with the highest as well as the two strains with the lowest plasma inorganic phosphorus were used in the second experiment. Each of the four strains were subdivided into three groups of 60 hens each and fed a practical layer diet containing either .30, .75, or 1.40% total phosphorus and 3.4% calcium. Significant differences were found in plasma inorganic phosphorus between strains fed the three dietary phosphorus levels. Results indicated that plasma inorganic phosphorus is related to dietary phosphorus in hens with an elevated plasma inorganic phosphorus level associated with fatty liver syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The performance of laying hens as affected by copper sulfate and methionine level.

Two strains of White Leghorn hens were subjected to seven copper treatments that included a negative control for the first week of each of five 28-day periods. The hens were approximately 500 days of age when the experiment began. Copper treatments were assigned to simulate the different levels of copper intake that might result from differences in daily feed intake similar to the practice followed with commercial industry. In order to simulate daily dietary intake ranging from a low of 73 to a high of 136 g per bird, levels of 76, 91, 100, 114, 129, and 143 mg of copper sulfate per kilogram were added to each of the basal diets. Treatments were administered across two methionine levels in a corn-soy basal diet. Hen-day egg production, egg weight, daily feed intake, and feed efficiency values were not affected by dietary levels of copper or methionine. Hens fed diets containing low methionine laid eggs with significantly poorer specific gravity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The performance of four strains of laying hens subjected to various postrest combinations of calcium and phosphorus after forced rest in winter or summer.

Four strains of laying hens, including one brown egg strain, were force-rested in February at approximately 62 weeks of age. Hens from the same four strains, which were the same age, were also force-tested under similar conditions during August of the same year. In each of the two trials, a total of 2300 hens were housed at the rate of two per 25.4 x 45.7-cm cage. The resting procedure for both studies included feed withdrawal for 9 or 10 days followed by feeding a 8.6% protein diet for 25 days. Water was supplied at all times. After the 35-day resting period, the hens were assigned to four calcium and phosphorus combinations, which varied from the duplication of a first-year pullet phase feeding program to the feeding of a final phase type diet for the entire postrest production period. Nutrient level within each dietary system was adjusted periodically based on daily feed intake. Strain performance differences were observed in both seasons. Rate of return to production and postrest production rates were similar to the patterns observed within the respective strain's performance during the pullet year. This was noted in both studies. Relative strain production performance, however, when compared to the other strains, was not consistent between the two rest seasons. There was no difference in performance due to calcium and phosphorus treatment utilized in either postrest production season.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The postrest performance of laying hens subjected to early or late water restriction during the feed withdrawal period.

Two experiments initiated in December and April were conducted to determine the effect of water restriction on the performance of force-rested hens. Birds used in this study were housed in cages and were 74 weeks of age at the beginning of each study. Treatment assignments were 1) no water restriction, 2) water restriction on Days 1 and 2 (48 hr), and 3) water restriction on Days 9 and 10 (48 hr). All birds were subjected to identical 10 day feed withdrawal periods, were fed low protein and low calcium recovery diets to Day 35, and then were placed on a standard postrest feeding system for six 28-day production periods. With only three exceptions, within-experiment differences in postrest performance due to water restriction treatment were not significant regardless of criteria evaluated or season of force-rest initiation. When water was restricted on Days 9 and 10 in the experiment initiated in April, hens laid at a significantly lower rate with significantly heavier eggs than others in the same experiment. Hens that experienced either water restriction treatment during the April force-rest had poorer feed conversion when expressed in terms of egg numbers. Feed intake, feed conversion on a weight-for-weight basis, egg specific gravity, and mortality were not affected by water restriction treatment, regardless of season. Water restriction was not necessary for a successful force-rest of laying hens, and, in fact, could be detrimental when instituted in the later part of the feed withdrawal period in warm weather.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of supplemental niacin for turkeys fed corn-soy diets from four to twelve weeks of age.

A corn-soy basal diet, which was calculated to contain 21 mg of niacin/kg diet, was used to investigate the niacin needs of turkey poults from 4 to 12 weeks of age. Poults had been fed a diet that contained 80.6 mg niacin/kg of feed until 4 weeks of age. Supplemental niacin was added at 0, 10, 20, and 50 mg/kg. There were no significant differences in mortality, leg disorders, or 12-week weight gains due to amount of niacin of the diet. These data indicate that 21 mg/kg niacin is adequate for optimum growth of turkeys from 4 to 12 weeks of age when they are fed a corn-soy diet.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1988

Effect of energy on the performance of broiler chicks fed various levels of monensin.

A total of 768 female broiler chicks in two experiments was fed diets containing 0, 100, or 120 mg monensin/kg of diet with and without added animal fat, in a 2 X 3 factorial design. Chicks were grown in electrically heated battery brooders and supplied feed and water ad libitum for 21 days. Animal fat fed at 6.8% of the diet consistently improved body weight, daily feed intake, and feed conversion regardless of monensin level. Monensin at 100 and 120 mg/kg of diet, in general, decreased these performance criteria progressively. Daily monensin intake was related to the concentration of monensin in the diet. Intake per unit of body weight was increased by reducing fat or increasing monensin.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1993

Research note: the performance of spring- and summer-reared broilers as affected by precision beak trimming at seven days of age.

In each of two duplicate trials approximately 2,500 day-old Peterson x Arbor Acres straight-run broiler chicks were equally divided between two treatments of three pens each. Treatment 1 was maintained as controls (C), and Treatment 2 birds were precision beak-trimmed (PBT) at 7 days of age. Feed and water were supplied for ad libitum consumption to both groups. Trials 1 and 2 were initiated in March and June, respectively. Performance of spring-reared broilers were comparable regardless of beak trimming procedure, except that PBT broilers experienced slightly higher mortality after PBT. Final body weights of the summer-reared broilers were 15% lower than those reared in the spring. Additionally, PBT resulted in significantly reduced final body weights and feed intake. There were no significant differences in mortality or feed conversion due to PBT.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

The performance of commercial broilers when fed various levels of rendered whole-hen meal.

In each of two experiments, approximately 1200 straight-run broiler chicks were fed 0, 4, 8, or 12% rendered whole hen meal (RHM) to determine its effectiveness and acceptability as a nutrient source from hatch to 6 wk of age. Approximately 2,275 kg of commercial laying hen mortality losses were collected, frozen, and stored over a 3-wk period. The birds were rendered at a commercial facility, stabilized, sampled, analyzed, dried, and stored again by freezing. Based on sample analysis and moisture content, diets were computer-formulated to be isocaloric and equivalent in as many nutrients as possible. Fat, fiber, arginine, and tryptophan levels varied slightly within age-related diet groups. The diets were consumed ad libitum from hatch to either 41 (Experiment 1) or 42 (Experiment 2) d. In both experiments, the addition of RHM at any level resulted in equal or greater body weight than that observed with control diets that contained no RHM. The effect of RHM on body weight was not significant in the first experiment; however, it was significant in the second experiment. Feed intake generally increased relative to body weight. Feed intake differences were significant in both studies, but in Experiment 2 did not parallel body weight patterns. Contrasting results were obtained with feed efficiency with control birds being most efficient in one trial and least efficient in the other. Rendered whole-hens were acceptable and highly utilizable as a protein and nutrient substitute in the diets of the commercial broiler. The RHM was found to be pathogen-free upon analysis, with no resulting differences in mortality due to either presence or level of the material.

Aging↗
PubMed2003

The economic impact of medical complications in geriatric patients with hip fracture.

The records of 510 elderly patients with hip fractures admitted to our institution between January 1995 and December 2000 were retrospectively reviewed to determine the incidence and type of developed medical complications and their economic implications. Of those 510 patients, 217 (43%) developed at least 1 medical complication, most frequently electrolyte imbalance (11%), urinary tract infection (10%), respiratory failure (10%), and delirium (9%). Patients who developed medical complications had significantly longer mean hospital stays (10 days) and higher mean hospital costs ($16,203) than patients without such complications (5 days and $10,284, respectively) (P<.001).

Aged↗