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At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Assessment of interaction among three carcinogens on rat mammary carcinogenesis in a factorially designed experiment.

Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given by stomach tube 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene [(DMBA) CAS: 57-97-6] on the 77th day of age at the rate of 1.6 mg/100 g body weight, or procarbazine [(PCZ) CAS: 671-16-9] on the 84th day of age at the rate of 10 mg/100 g body weight, or 0.5 Gy of total-body x-rays on the 91st day of age, singly or in all possible combinations or no treatment. All rats were studied for mammary carcinogenesis for 370 days after the 84th day of age. Three measures of mammary carcinogenesis were studied. These were the incidence of rats with mammary adenocarcinomas, or mammary fibroadenomas, or mammary neoplasia of either type. Each of these measures was studied also for rats with 2 or more or 3 or more mammary neoplasms. Assessment of possible interaction among the three carcinogens with regard to the incidence of neoplasms was done by time-independent or time-dependent methods, both of which gave remarkably consistent results. For rats with 1 or more adenocarcinomas, 1 or more fibroadenomas, or 1 or more adenocarcinomas and/or fibroadenomas, both methods showed no interaction among the carcinogens, which can, therefore, be considered to have produced additive effects. An exception to this finding of additivity was an apparent synergistic interaction between DMBA and PCZ when the measures of rats with 2 or more, or 3 or more mammary neoplasms of either type, or 3 or more fibroadenomas were analyzed; these analyses, however, were based on relatively small numbers of rats with multiple tumors. Since no interactions were found for the usual measure of carcinogenesis, namely, incidence of rats with 1 or more neoplasms, the overall conclusion is that DMBA, PCZ, and x-ray act additively in the induction of mammary neoplasms in the female Sprague-Dawley rat.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1977

Antitumor antibodies in human breast cancer sera as detected by fixed cell immunofluorescence and living cell membrane immunofluorescence assays.

The reactions of patients' sera with cultured human breast cancer cells were studied by fixed cell immunofluorescence (FCF) and living cell membrane immunofluorescence (MF) tests. The results suggested that the FCF reaction detected antibodies that were cell or organ specific, whereas the MF test was more indicative of an antineoplastic immune response.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1988

[Digital noninvasive microwave thermography in the diagnosis of breast disease].

Thermography is a noninvasive technic of examination. Liquid-Crystal Thermography and Infrared Thermography have provided great help in the general survey of breast diseases during the past twenty years but not without some limitations. Recently, by applying the microwave technic clinically, progress has been made to measure minute temperature changes in the deeper tissues. Differential diagnosis of breast disease is possible by statistical calculating the temperature difference of the two breasts. A prospective study was done in 96 women who had both X ray mammography and digital noninvasive microwave thermography. 70/96 were proved by pathology. In this group of patients, the accuracy rate was 70.00% for digital microwave thermography, 81.82% for X ray mammography and 95.50% for the two combined. The false positive rates and false negative rates, advantages, disadvantages and the for general survey of breast disease of the digital microwave thermography discussed.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Preoperative location of deep subclinical breast lesions using the harpoon technic. Apropos of 149 cases].

Since April 1983, harpoon technique was used for limited excision of subclinical mammography-observed anomalies. The procedure involves the insertion of a harpoon-shaped metallic thread, after detection by mammography, to obtain guidance of surgical procedures. The results of 155 procedures in 149 patients included detection of 38 cancers (26%), confirming documented data in this field.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytopathology of phyllodes tumor. Differential diagnosis with fibroadenoma.

The differential diagnosis of benign or borderline phyllodes tumors of the breast in fine needle aspiration biopsy smears was studied. Smears from five histologically proven cases and 20 proven cases of fibroadenoma were evaluated with regard to their cytologic features. The findings indicate that the presence of a high cellularity of stromal fragments (including bipolar naked nuclei), clusters of hyperplastic ductal cells and giant cells and the absence of apocrine metaplasia may suggest a diagnosis of phyllodes tumor, as opposed to fibroadenoma. The borderline phyllodes tumor showed a sarcomatous atypia and/or small intranuclear cytoplasmic invaginations in some cells. The differential diagnosis of this tumor with malignant phyllodes tumor and plasma-cell mastitis is also discussed.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1987

[Assessment of the establishing individual protocol for effective chemotherapy of ovarian cancer--fundamental research using human tumor-nude mouse system].

Experimental chemotherapy was performed using the human tumor-nude mouse system. The tumors were mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (OVA-1), undifferentiated carcinoma (OVA-2), endometrioid adenocarcinoma (OVA-3), serous cystadenocarcinoma (OVA-4) and three yolk sac tumors (YST-1, -2, -3). The drugs tested were adriamycin, bleomycin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, ifosfamide, mitomycin C, vinblastine, etoposide and teniposide. The dosages employed here were about one-third and one-ninth of the LD50 used for conventional mice. The results obtained were as follows: 1 A clear correlation between the antitumor activity of the drug and the histological type of the tumor was observed. The results indicated the importance of making a chemotherapeutic protocol according to the histological type of the individual tumor. 2 The antitumor activity depended on the dosage of the drug. The results suggested that it was necessary to increase the dosage of the anticancer drugs to obtain further clinical effects on patients with ovarian cancer. 3 The administration of a single drug in a sufficient dosage produced more effective antitumor activity rather than multidrug treatment. The results suggested that combination chemotherapy might not necessarily be the best way to effectively treat patients with ovarian cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accuracy of blind cytologic diagnosis of diploid breast cancer.

Fifteen fibroadenomas and 20 adenocarcinomas with identical diploid DNA histogram patterns were blindly diagnosed in fine needle aspirates by 22 cytopathologists. Despite the total lack of clinical information, each cytopathologist, on the average, managed to correctly diagnose 33 of the 35 cases. There were more false diagnoses among the fibroadenomas than among the cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinoma in a breast fibroadenoma.

A 48-year-old woman presented with a long history of a lump in the breast, which was clinically diagnosed as a fibroadenoma. Cytologic examination of fluid aspirated intraoperatively demonstrated groups of carcinoma cells. Excision of the mass showed that this discrepancy was due to carcinoma within a fibro adenoma. Reports of such an occurrence are few, and none, to the best of our knowledge, has previously documented the cytologic findings.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1987

In situ quantitation of inflammatory mononuclear cells in ductal infiltrating breast carcinoma. Relation to prognostic parameters.

The authors examined inflammatory mononuclear cells in 10 fibroadenomas and 56 ductal infiltrating type carcinomas of the breast to see whether the distribution of various subpopulations of the mononuclear cells were correlated with known histologic, biochemical, and clinical parameters of the cancers. T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages were quantitated on frozen tissue sections, which were stained with monoclonal antibodies, as demonstrated by the immunoperoxidase technique. The carcinomas had significantly higher numbers of T cells, Leu-3+ helper-inducer cells, T8+ cytotoxic-suppressor cells, M5+ macrophages, and T6+ Langerhans cells than the fibroadenomas. There were no significant differences in the distribution of natural killer cells. Among these mononuclear subsets, helper-inducer T cells were the primary cell type in both benign and malignant neoplasms. Estrogen receptor-positive carcinoma had significantly fewer numbers of T cells and the subgroup of Leu-3+ helper-inducer cells. Clinical Stage 3 cancers had significantly fewer numbers of T cells and natural killer cells than both fibroadenomas and Stage I and II neoplasms. Prominent infiltration of T cells, specifically helper-inducer cells, is not associated with estrogen receptor positivity, which is known to be a favorable prognostic marker of breast carcinoma. The findings of fewer T cells and natural killer cells in Stage 3 carcinomas are intriguing but unexplained.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1986

Identification and partial characterization of a nucleolar antigen with a molecular weight of 145,000 found in a broad range of human cancers.

Previous studies in our laboratory have indicated the presence of nucleolar antigens in tumors which were not detected in normal tissues. Some of the polyclonal antisera produced in these studies were shown to identify a Mr, 145,000 nucleolar antigen on immunoblots of tumor nucleoli but not in normal human liver nucleoli. A monoclonal antibody to a Mr 145,000 nucleolar protein (p145) was produced by immunization of mice with a nucleolar extract of HeLa cells which is enriched with this antigen. The monoclonal antibody showed bright nucleolar immunofluorescence localization in a broad range of human tumors including cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, lung, liver, muscle, cartilage, and blood. The p145 nucleolar antigen was not detected in most normal human tissues or in benign tumors, with only weak nucleolar staining observed in spermatogonia of the testes and in ductal regions of some hypertrophied prostates. Nucleolar antigen p145 was extracted from HeLa cell nucleoli by homogenization in a 0.01 M Tris buffer containing 0.2% deoxycholate. On sucrose density gradient centrifugation, the antigen remained sedimented with the nucleolar ribonucleoprotein fraction. Nucleolar antigen p145 was released from ribonucleoproteins following treatment with 4 M guanidinium hydrochloride or RNase. Peptide mapping of nucleolar antigen p145 showed that it was distinct from other known nucleolar antigens. Although it remains to be determined if the p145 antigen plays a role in cell transformation, maintenance of the malignant phenotype, or in cell division, it may have value as a tumor marker or as a therapeutic target.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1986

[Fibroadenoma of the breast with atypical clear-cell epithelial hyperplasia. Apropos of 7 cases. Immunohistochemical study].

We report 7 cases of unusual fibroadenomas of the breast. They are characterized by an exuberant cellular proliferation within the ductal lumens. They appear in young women from 20 to 40 years old. These lesions are histologically identical to those described by Azzopardi (1979) under the name of "Argyrophilic cells in fibroadenomas" and by Eusebi and Azzopardi (1980) and by Govoni (1981) and called "Lobular endocrine neoplasia in fibroadenoma of the Breast". An immunohistochemical study reveals a major positivity of these cells, in all cases, with Antikeratin Antibody (anti Kl1) and with Epithelial Membrane Antigen (anti EMA) proving the epithelial origin of these cells. There cells cannot yet be regarded as belonging to the neuro-endocrine group, because of the negativity, in all cases of Grimelius and Bodian stains, and of the very heterogeneous positivity observed with Neuron-Specific Enolase antibody (anti NSE) and with anti Human Natural Killer antibody (anti HNK). These cellular proliferations seem to us, on the microscopical point of view related to the atypical epithelial hyperplasias of the breast, and different from the in situ lobular carcinoma. Thus we propose to call these lesions "variant of the breast fibroadenoma" characterized by an atypical epithelial clear cell hyperplasia. The treatment of these lesions merely consists of a lumpectomy. Only one case is associated with an eleven years free of disease follow-up: a follow-up comprised between on to fifteen months is observed in the others cases. The knowledge of these benign lesions appears to us very important, to avoid improper treatment caused by an erroneous diagnosis of carcinoma developing in a breast fibroadenoma.

Adenofibroma↗