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PubMed1982

["Renal dwarfism". Its impact on dental development and on maxillary growth].

Children with terminal renal failure require iterative dialysis while awaiting kidney graft, and these have to be repeated over a period of years until a suitable graft presenting histocompatibility with the receiver is found. This has a considerable growth retardation effect (-3 to -6 SD, according to the age at onset of terminal failure). Two features appear to be paradoxical in these children. 1) In spite of a high carbohydrate diet and generally poor oral hygiene, they present a low prevalence of caries, probably related to modified salivary components. The only objective finding is an increase in salivary urea levels. 2) In spite of harmonious hypotrophy, no particular encumbrance of the dental arch is observed. Alveolar growth, contemporary with dental eruption, is sufficient to compensate possible hypotrophy of maxillary bone bases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Taurodontism, an isolated trait associated with syndromes and X-chromosomal aneuploidy.

A review of the literature on teeth with enlarged pulp chambers and apical displacement of the bifurcation or trifurcation of roots (taurodontism) and investigation of the association of this trait with X-chromosomal aneuploidy shows that: (1) Taurodontism is not a rare trait in modern man, as indicated by the majority of recent reports, but occurs in approximately 2.5% of adult Caucasians. (2) Taurodontism occurs in syndromes, particularly in those having an ectodermal defect. (3) Among 12 patients showing taurodontic teeth radiographically, all had normal karyotypes. (4) Among 12 patients showing various combinations of X-chromosomal aneuploidy, 11 had taurodontic molars. (5) Patients with a female habitus and X-chromosomal aneuploidy as well as patients with a male habitus and X-chromosomal states have taurodontic teeth. (6) There is no simple association of the degree of taurodontism and the number of X chromosomes, but, in general, patients with the more severe forms of the trait--meso- or hypertaurodontism--are more likely to have X-chromosomal aneuploidy. While taurodontism may be viewed as an extension of a continuous trait of pulp chamber size, the extreme shape may arise when conditions disturbing the epithelial-derived root sheath produce a generalized amplified instability of development, as has been suggested from tissue culture studies of X-chromosomal aneuploid cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Deviations of bite, growth and arrangement of permanent teeth in dogs following interruption of innervation and blood supply to the lower jaw in dogs].

Described are deviations of the bite, growth and arrangement of the permanent teeth after the interruption of the innervation and the blood supply of the lower jaw before the change of the primary teeth in puppies, resembling the dento-maxillary deformations found in children and young people. Great interest represent the cases of close-bite and dento-maxillary deformations in children who have suffered from rachitis, infectious diseases or other illnesses before or during the change of the primary teeth and the growth of the permanent teeth. These are indicated as exogenous factors in the etiology of the dento-maxillary deformations. The comparison of these facts and the results of the observations in experiments with animals reveals that close-bite and deviations in the growth of the permanent teeth are conditioned by disturbances in the trophic functions during the change of the primary teeth and the growth of the permanent ones. These disturbances are supposedly observed in cases of rachitis as well as of infectious and other diseases.

Animals↗