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PubMed1969

Steroids.

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Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

Exogenous hormones and other drug exposures of children with congenital heart disease.

A history of oral contraceptive use, hormonal pregnancy tests, prescribed hormones and other drugs was obtained from 390 mothers of infants with congenital heart disease and 1254 mothers of normal infants in Massachusetts. The data show a small positive association between estrogen/progesterone exposure and cardiac malformation, the prevalence ratio estimate of exposed to non-exposed being 1.5 (90 per cent confidence limits are 1.0, 2.1). No association was evident, however, between hormones and trunco-conal or any other class of defect among the cases, an observation which casts doubt on a causal relationship betweem hormones and cardiovascular malformations. Several other drugs were reported more frequently by cases' mothers. These include: ampicillin; aspirin; a combined anti-nausea agent (doxylamine succinate, dicyclomine hydrochloride and pyridoxine hydrochloride); chlordiazopoxide, codeine, diazepam, diphenylhydantoin; insulin; phenobarbital; phenothiazine; phenylephrine; and tetracycline.

Estrogens↗
PubMed1979

Mammary tumors and serum hormones in the bitch treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate or progesterone for four years.

After 4 years of a long-term contraceptive steroid safety study, the incidence and the histologic types of mammary dysplasia produced are shown to be similar in beagles treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (medroxyprogesterone) or progesterone. Serum insulin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine, growth hormone, prolactin, 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol were determined by radioimmunoassay on samples collected after 45 months of treatment. Serum growth hormone and insulin concentrations were elevated in a dose-related manner in both treatment groups. Levels of triiodothyronine, cortisol, and 17 beta-estradiol (medroxyprogesterone only) were lowered. TSH and prolactin concentrations were not changed. Pituitary-gonadal hormone interaction in the pathogenesis of mammary neoplasia of the dog is discussed. Prolonged treatment of beagles with doses of progesterone or medroxyprogesterone 1 to 25 times the human contraceptive dose or luteal phase (dog) levels, respectively, results in a dose-related incidence of mammary nodules.

Adenoma↗