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PubMed2002

Betula and Populus pollen counts and meteorological conditions in Szczecin, Poland.

The aim of the study was to analyse a relationship between the meteorological conditions and the pollen counts of selected allergenic taxa (Betula spp., Populus spp.) in the air of Szczecin city (north western Poland) in 2001. Apart from the individual rhythm of plant pollination, weather conditions are considered the most important factors determining the dispersion and content of pollen in the air. The meteorological parameters analysed were the minimum, maximum and average values of air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed. The beginning and end of a season were established by the 98 % method. The concentration of birch pollen in the air in 2001 was very high, the pollen season started in the third decade of April and lasted till the 10 May. The highest airborne concentration of 3,712 grains in 1 m(3) per 24 h was noted at the beginning of May on a sunny day with strong wind, and air temperature above 20 degrees C. The concentration of poplar pollen in 2001 was low. The pollen season started from the beginning of April and lasted till the beginning of May. The maximum concentration of airborne poplar pollen of 222 grains in 1 m(3) per 24 h was observed in the third decade of April and was preceded by several days with low temperature (1- 2 degrees C), rain, snowfalls and strong wind. A positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the air temperature and the birch pollen concentration, while a similar but negative correlation was found for poplar pollen.

Poland↗
PubMed2002

Study on the occurrence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in ticks collected in Lublin region (eastern Poland).

In 114 Ixodes ricinus ticks from 1 district of Lublin region (eastern Poland) examined by dark field microscopy method, the presence of motile spirochetes, morphologically corresponding to Borrelia species was detected in 8.8% of the total examined ticks. The highest infection rate was noted among females (16.7%), much lower in males (7.1%) and nymphs (4.0%). Examination of 550 ticks collected from 3 districts of the Lublin region by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that 5.3% of the total number of ticks were infected with Borrelia spirochetes. The highest rates of Borrelia infection were observed in Ixodes ricinus ticks from the Zamość and Lublin districts (9.6% and 4.7% respectively). In the Włodawa district, only 2.4% ticks showed the presence of Borrelia DNA. In contrast to the results obtained by dark field microscopy method, the highest infection rate was noted in males (11.2%), followed by females (6.9%) and nymphs (1.7%). 57 Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from 3 Lublin districts (Lubartów, Lublin, Radzyń Podlaski) were tested for the presence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) by the inoculation of 5-week-old Swiss mice, followed by blind passages and inoculation of GMK cell culture with brain suspension of the infected mice. One strain of TBEV was isolated from a pool of 24 I. ricinus ticks collected from the Radzyń Podlaski district. The minimum infection rate of ticks from this district with TBEV was estimated as 4.2%, and in the total area of Lublin region estimated as 1.8%.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative analysis of the genetic structure of Red Polish cattle in Poland and the Ukraine].

Comparative analysis of genetic structure of two groups of Red Polish cattle, which reproduce in Poland and Ukraine, was made. Six molecular-genetic markers (kappa-casein, beta-lactoglobulin, leptin, myostatin, growth hormone, and pituitary-specific transcription factor Pit-I) were tested by PCR-RFLP. No significant differences between the considered intrabreed groups were found. High frequency of some alleles (Csn kappa B, Blg B, and Gh L) related to the important productivity traits were observed. The rare alleles in some genes were revealed. The obtained results are evidence of the unique characteristics of the investigated breed.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Half century of the TBE in Poland].

The article presented short information about history of TBE in Poland. Data connected to epidemiology, clinic and prevention of TBE are presented.

Bites and Stings↗
PubMed2002

[Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in healthy population in Poland].

The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies among healthy population of randomly selected voivodeships in Poland. The presence of antibodies was tested by ELISA. Of 1000 blood samples taken from healthy blood donors, antibodies were detected in 11-13% of samples. The results indicate a contact with infecting agent and a possibility of asymptomatic course of the Lyme borreliosis. Frequencies of B. burgdorferi antibodies in blood donors in spring and in autumn were compared. An increase in the proportion of persons positive for IgM antibodies in September may indicate a seasonal transmission and possibility of Lyme borreliosis acquirement according to the biological activity of ticks.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed2002

Incidence of childhood cancers in Poland in 1995-1999.

BACKGROUND: The annual rate for childhood cancers in developed countries amounts to 105-130 new cases per 1 million children. The Polish population aged 0-17 years is estimated at approximately 10 million children and adolescents, thus ca. 1100-1300 new cases can be expected every year. In 1995, we started a national childhood cancer registry. MATERIAL/METHODS: Information on the new diagnoses of childhood cancers was collected in 11 regional centers and submitted to the national center in Lublin. All data were verified carefully and standardized incidence rates were calculated. RESULTS: In 1995, we registered 1028 newly diagnosed malignant neoplasms, in 1996 and 1997 - 1036 cases, in 1998 - 1007, and in 1999 - 1158 new cases. The estimated incidence rates were: 102.4; 109.5; 111.9; 111.6 and 118.3 per 1 million children, respectively. The most frequent childhood cancers include leukemia, which accounts for 28% of cancer cases, lymphoma (14.3%) and C. N. S. tumors (16.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Neoplasms of the hematopoietic system (leukemias and lymphomas) account for about 42% of all childhood cancers. Malignant lymphomas, bone tumors and germinal tumors are more frequently diagnosed in Poland, but the incidence of central nervous system tumors is lower than in other countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Changes in average life span of monks and nuns in Poland in the years 1950-2000].

The aim of the research was to find out if healthy lifestyle influences the longevity. The group of 906 monks and 866 nuns who worked and died in Poland in the years 1950-2000 was regarded as people who conducted a healthy lifestyle. The population of adult Poles was chosen as a control group. As a result of the research it is reported that: 1) since 1950 till middle 1960's people in monasteries lived shorter than adult Poles [in the first ten years of the research the average life span of monks was 2.4 years shorter (t162 = 1.99, p = 0.047) and nuns lived 9 years shorter (t56 = 4.2, p < 0.001)], since the middle of 1970's till the end of 1980's the group in question lived as long as the general population, finally, for the last ten years of the investigated period of time people in monasteries lived longer [monks 2.5 (t219 = 2.5, p < 0.05), nuns 2.9 years longer (t209 = 4.6, p < 0.001)]; 2) since 1950's till 2000 the average life span in the investigated group of both sexes was increasing at the rate of 0.175 (t98 = 3.9, p < 0.001) years per calendar year greater than this value in the general population and there is no reason to assume that there have been differences between sexes; 3) as far as men are concerned, joining a monastery in the case of man enter into the monastery a year earlier prolongs life for about 0.1 year (F1,842 = 3.8, P one side test = 0.026). In case of women this relation was not significant (F1,804 < 0.1). The shorter life of people in monasteries after the second world war might be interpreted as a result of their socio-political situation at that time. In the course of time their standard of living and the access to medical treatment has been improving gradually, so their longevity is increasing faster. In the context of the investigated problem the most important results were obtained from the last ten years. These results indicate that healthy lifestyle prolongs life.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Areas of urbanization in Poland].

Current urbanization trends in Poland are analyzed. "In the first part of the article the author presents the changes in the settlement network in 1945-1980 together with the process of concentration of population. In the second part he describes the influence exerted by the big and average towns." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Demography↗
PubMed2002

[Early detection of airflow limitation in smokers in remote areas of Poland].

Spirometric screening for airflow obstruction in smokers is easy in large cities. However, 38% of the population of Poland live in villages. The aim of the study was to assess feasibility of such screening in people attending Sunday mass using parochial church facilities in small remote communities. Study was performed in a small town and a village near Warsaw. Attendance was higher in town (9% of believers attending holy mass as compared 5% in the village). However, airflow obstruction was found in 38% of farmers as compared to 21% of the town dwellers. In conclusion spirometric screening in small communities performed in the parochial facility on Sunday morning is feasible, easy and fruitful.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Observations on the extensity and intensity of cysticercosis in cattle in the Peoples Republic of Poland. Report given during the IVth symposium of the GDR on "Taeniarhynchosis-Cysticercosis" on April 26th, 1974 in Schwerin].

The bladder worm of cattle, Cysticercus bovis is found all over the world with a tendency towards a constant increase in incidence. An account of long term investigation in cattle, older than three months, being carried out in slaughter houses in a variety of towns and districts in Poland. This gradual increase was also observed in a rise from 0.32% to 0.67% in the disease as the average within the country. According to the trend of events of the infection it was possible to distinguish five groups with a variable course of parasitosis. Details are given for the difference of occurrence. Although there is little knowledge of public health intensive measures are taken in many parts of the country to combat this parasite and to ensure the health of the population of the country.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

[On population policy in Poland].

The authors regard population policy to be a system of conscious actions aimed at causing desirable changes in shaping demographic processes and in consequence achieving the desired number, structure, and settlement of the population. Such policy should lead to minimization of perturbative role of population factor in socioeconomic development. The authors carried out a review of methods applied in Polish social policy during 40 post-war years which had effect on the demographic situation in the country. The review led them to the conclusion that actions taken for population policy quite often did not meet demographic trends and resulted in deepening irregularities in the demographic development of the country. The authors seek to answer the question whether there is a need for population policy in Poland and to determine the most crucial points of that policy.

Developed Countries↗
PubMed1985

[Development of the population of Masovia, Podlasie, and Kurpie during the four decades of people's Poland].

"The author has attempted [an] analysis of the changes in the level of population of one of the historically shaped regions of Poland, which is the territory of Masovia, Podlasie and Kurpie during the post war period. The analysis is completed by presentation of the volume of war time losses of the population of the region based upon the statistics by the occupation authorities as well as the data of Summary Consensus of February 1946." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Demography↗
PubMed1990

[Modeling labor resources using demoeconomic models of the BACHUE (DEMB) type in Poland].

The author analyzes demographic and economic models developed by Poland's Institute of Statistics and Demography. "The economic submodel describes the Polish national economy as divided into 11 sectors and branches of the production sphere and 7 sectors of the non-production sphere. The demographic submodel covers 5 blocks of equations." The author notes an interdependence among the variables studied and relates this to socioeconomic and demographic development factors. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Demography↗
PubMed1992

Living arrangements of the elderly in Poland--evidence from survey Life Course (Family, Occupation and Migratory Biography), 1988.

"The paper presents a structural analysis of the living arrangements of the elderly in Poland based on the results of [a 1988] Polish retrospective survey.... Evaluation of living arrangements includes persons aged 60 and over and concentrates mainly on: family and household composition, intergenerational transfers, occupational activity of retired persons and selected aspects of health and life satisfaction."

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The quality of natural environment and mortality (based on the example of major cities in Poland).

"The paper presents the results of [a] study on the relationship between environmental degeneration and mortality in major cities of Poland [during the 1980s].... The authors examine 22 major cities differed according to the degree of pollution.... The analysis employs...life tables and methods of multiple regression.... The influence of the natural environment quality on mortality is diversified according to sex and age but in general, the interdependence is not strong."

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Recent studies on migration in Poland.

The author reviews studies conducted between 1985 and 1990 concerning the impact of migration on socioeconomic development in Poland. The focus is on the consequences of rural-urban movement. "According to the results of [the] analysis, the demographic consequences of migration are...significant for rural areas, especially the ones showing large and long-term population outflow. The consequences of this stream of migration are not significant for the population situation on a nation-wide scale."

Demography↗
PubMed1994

Suicides in Poland--demographic aspect.

"The present paper contains a part of the results of a study conducted based on suicide statistics [in Poland].... Information contained in the...paper mainly concerns the 1990s (comparisons), the last 30 years (trends) and the years 1992-1993 (structure)."

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1996

Assessment of the impact of changes related to the system transformation on the evolution of the process of mortality in Poland.

"The article presents an attempt to make a quantitative evaluation of the impact of the environment on the rate of mortality, focusing on the group of stress-bearing factors that, according to some hypotheses, make up the set of potential, indirect determinants in the process of mortality. According to these opinions, the environment can be a source of different forms of stress. One stressor can be the social and economic status of individuals, being the function of the economic development of the region, another the instability of the social situation in the region. Both types of stress sources seem to be particularly adequate in the evaluation of the impact of this type of factor on the process of mortality in Poland in the period of system transformation."

Demography↗