Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PERSONALITY, PATHOLOGICAL”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Microflora of the mucous membrane of human tonsils in the normal state and in pathology].

A total of 50 healthy persons and 50 chronic tonsillitis patients were examined with the use of the bacteriological method. The microflora of tonsillar mucous membrane was represented by 8 genera of facultative anaerobic microorganisms. In the biocenosis of the tonsillar mucosa of the healthy subjects the occurrence of Streptococcus was 1.5-fold greater than in that of the patients; microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus prevailed on the tonsillar mucosa of chronic tonsillitis patients 1.3-fold prevailed more often and Klebsiella and Neisseria prevailed 4-fold more often. Among the microorganisms isolated from the patients, cultures simultaneously having two or more pathogenicity markers occurred twice as often as among the representatives of the microbiocenosis obtained from the healthy subjects. The microflora of the tonsillar mucosa of the chronic tonsillitis patients was characterized by resistance to penicillins, macrolides and aminoglygosides, but was simultaneously sensitive to lincosamides and glycopeptides.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance tomography of the kidney and adrenal glands in normal subjects].

MR-tomography was used for the investigation of 38 healthy persons aged 17 to 48 with normal BP values without any renal and adrenal pathology (kidneys were investigated in 25 persons, adrenal glands--in 16). A BMT-1100 MR-tomograph (Brucker, FRG) was used for investigation. The authors stress noninvasiveness of the new method and its practical value. It permits the differentiation of the cortical and medullary substance of the kidney and in some cases of the adrenal glands. It also permits the evaluation of their shape, size and position. The authors also showed a possibility of assessing the status of these organs using some quantitative parameters. Due to its safety, high resolution and good imaging the method holds great promise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Pelvic pain syndrome in women--a psychiatric-gynaecological study (author's transl)].

77 selected patients suffering from dyspareunia and pelvic pain on moving, with normal findings on gynaecological palpation were submitted to laparoscopy or laparotomy, as well as to a psychiatric investigation. In 25% of the cases no pathological changes were seen--group I; in a further 40% signs of slight--group II--and in the remaining 35% of cases signs of serious pelvic congestion were present--group III. Serious pelvic congestion occurred most frequently between 26 and 35 years of age and seemed to be connected with more than one delivery. Furthermore, in the total material, 65% of patients showed psychologically inadequate personalities whereby nearly 90% of the women in group I, but only a little over 40% in group III, displayed psychological inadequacy, with the women in group II occupying an intermediate position. On the basis of this observation and other investigated personality variables, pelvic pain without pathological findings seems to be caused by neuromuscular spasm in psychologically vulnerable persons. Pelvic pain with different degrees of pelvic congestion cannot be entirely dissociated from the possibility of psychological overlay, which may, however, be of a secondary nature.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[A patient with mitral prolapse: differential intervention programs in general medical practice].

AIM: To develop and implement intervention programmes for patients with mitral prolapse (MP) under real conditions of general medical practices of Russia in the transition period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The MP register covered 208 patients among the adult population (n = 3346) of 2 districts served by general practitioners. According to the formalized protocols, clinical, instrumental, and psychological studies were conducted, which included examination of complaints and physical status, electrocardiography, echocardiography, paired echocardiography before and after bicycle ergometry exercise tests, psychological testing, study of the social status and life quality of patients. RESULTS: According to clinical and instrumental findings, the patients were divided into 4 groups, where differential individually based intervention programmes were implemented; the latter included modules of family upbringing, family prophylaxis, drug and nondrug treatment. Psychotherapeutical potentiation was performed in patients with the low cooperation index on an individual basis in accordance with revealed personality traits. Clinical symptoms diminished in severity, scores on pathological disease attitude scales lowered, life quality increased, persons with the low cooperation index reduced in number. CONCLUSION: The developed and tested intervention programmes in patients with MP are effective and may be successfully implemented in general medical practice facilities.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

[The determination of the level of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus antigens in organizing groups at high risk for lung cancer disease].

Titers of antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigen were measured in 450 subjects aged 40 years and older. The group included patients with lung cancer, cases of non-specific chronic lung pathology and healthy subjects (150 persons in each subset). A significant increase in the level of antibodies to capsid EBV antigen was established in patients with lung cancer and chronic non-specific lung pathology as compared to healthy controls. Parameters of specific immunologic response to Epstein-Barr virus may be recommended as additional criteria for inclusion into the group at risk for lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Reliability of criteria for borderline personality disorder: a comparison of DSM-III and the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients.

The authors compared the reliability of two methods of distinguishing borderline personality disorder--DSM-III and the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients. The reference group, outpatients with other personality disorders and without major axis I pathology, was more difficult to distinguish from the patients with borderline personality disorder than such groups used in previous samples. The sensitivity and specificity of the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients were calculated, with DSM-III used as a criterion. The findings confirm considerable overlap between borderline and schizotypal personality disorders, more impairment in functioning in borderline patients than in those with other personality disorders, and the high reliability with which borderline personality disorder can be diagnosed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Magnetic resonance tomographic screening studies of the bone marrow with gradient echo sequences: (I) the contrast relations of phase-identical and phase-shifted gradient echo sequences. Studies on probands and pathological-anatomical preparations].

Anatomical specimens and normal persons were studied by gradient echo MR imaging to determine the influence of different echo times (TE) on bone marrow contrast. First of all, six normal persons were studied to determine specific echo times for in-phase and opposed-phase states. Using different sequences bone marrow contrast in isolated femoral bones was determined and compared to results of pathological exams. Red bone marrow had no signal on opposed-phase images; contrast between red and yellow marrow was higher on opposed-phase than on in-phase images. Bone marrow lesions can be expected to be visualised with high signal on opposed-phase images; this technique should be especially suited for MR imaging of bone marrow.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Dental aspects of the consumption of xylitol and fructose diets.

126 voluntary test persons, divided into three groups, were put for two years on a strict diet with regard to the sweetener used (sucrose, fructose, and xylitol). The test persons were investigated in the frame of a versatile clinical, radiographical, biochemical, microbiological, and medical research plan. The consumption of the fructose and xylitol diets did not result in any pathological changes in the test persons' whole saliva, plaque, blood, and urine samples. The consumption of the xylitol diet reduced the incidence of dental caries by approximately 90 per cent when compared to sucrose consumption. In the fructose group the reduction was 30 per cent. Xylitol consumption reduced the growth of dental plaque by 50 per cent during the whole two-year period. It also reduced the concentration of lactate in plaque and whole saliva and the ability of plaque and whole saliva to yield reducing sugars from sucrose. Simultaneously, the activity of the salivary lactoperoxidase was strongly increased. These and certain other dentally advantageous chemical changes indicated that the mechanism of the xylitol effect is dual, being partly systemic and related to a selective effect on the production of salivary enzymes and on the electrolyte concentration of whole saliva, and partly local, depressing the growth of cariogenic and certain other microorganisms.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1991

[Use of ultrasonography in prophylactic examinations at an industrial enterprise].

The authors analyze the sonography data on the abdominal organs and thyroid in 1092 blue-collar and white-collar workers of one of the Moscow enterprises. The studies were carried out using the up-to-date outfits manufactured in Japan, working in the real time mode. Deviations from normal were revealed in 285 persons (26.1%). Of these, 66.4% manifested pathological alterations in one of the organs whereas in 1/3, the alterations went together. The most frequently occurring alterations in the liver included cholecystitis (46.9%), dystrophy (31.5%) as well as diffuse alterations in the organ structure of obscure genesis (15.4%). The most frequently demonstrated alterations in the urinary system were concrements (29.5%), cysts (22.7%) as well as deformities and dilatations of the pelvi-calyceal system (31.9%). The resolving power of ultrasonography in revealing concrements in the gallbladder constituted 0.5 cm, that in the kidneys, 0.3-0.5 cm. The rate of demonstration of different alterations in the thyroid amounted to 7.5%. Among them, more than half (54.3%) were diffuse enlargements and then there followed uninodular and combined goiters. The data obtained attest to a high clinical efficacy of ultrasonography in revealing latent pathology and different deviations from normal in the abdominal organs and thyroid in the working persons. It is suggested that the given method may be widely used as the basic one in prophylactic examinations of blue-collar and white-collar workers of industrial enterprises as well as a means of objective control over the health status of the follow-up and risk groups requiring examinations made over time and special additional examinations.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

[Computerized axial tomography in the study of orbital pathology].

In recent years, C.A.T. has revolutionized the diagnostic iter in the field of orbitary pathology. Although echotomography has reached very good results in this field, C.A.T. still remains, according to the Authors the most reliable diagnostic approach, because of its excellent insight of normal and pathological orbital material. the analysis of personal casistics of 120 orbital tomodensitometric examinations has proved this event, especially as retrobulbar expansive pathology is concerned.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Toward a molecular architecture of personality.

Epidemiological studies provided a large body of evidence that personality dimensions are influenced by genetic factors and that the genetic component is highly complex, polygenic, and epistatic. However, consistent findings on the genetic basis of personality have yet remained sparse. In recent years, molecular genetics has begun to identify specific genes coding in particular for components of the serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitter systems representing quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for behavioral traits. The QTL concept suggests that complex traits are not attributable to single genes. According to this polygenic model, the genetic basis of personality and behavior and its pathological variations thus results from additive or nonadditive interactions of various genes. As the number of suitable candidate genes constantly increases, the QTL model provides a reasonable explanation for the genetic basis of personality and its disorders. In this review, the current knowledge on the impact of a large number of candidate gene polymorphisms (e.g. variations in serotonin and dopamine receptor and serotonin transporter genes) on personality and temperament is summarized. Additionally, investigations of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in humans and animals, which currently intensify the identification of genes that underlie behavioral variations, are examined. The findings converge on the notion that a probabilistic rather than deterministic impact of genes on the expression of behavior will contribute to the demystification of behavioral disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Red cell creatine in steady state and stimulated erythropoiesis.

Intra- and interindividual variances as well es the age dependency of red cell creatine were studied. Following a single erythropoietic stimulation creatine can stay elevated for many months. A rise of creatine may not only reflect a shift towards a younger cell population but also different erythropoietic sites. The creatine concentration of red blood cells (rbc) has been shown to be an excellent indicator of cell age (1,2,3) and of dynamics of erythropoiesis (3). Intra- and interindividual variances were determined. Fig. 1 (designed according to 4) shows the variance of the method (3)-both for serial determinations and for repeated analyses of the same sample after storing up to 19 days--as well as the variances for the individual person and for a group. It is shown, that the values for one individual are remarkably constant. Fig. 2 illustrates values obtained from presumably healthy persons without evidence of hematological pathology--from newborn to old age. The fat bar represents the values for adults with a mean of 6,64 mg/dl cells and a rather small standard deviation. The mean creatine concentration for very old persons (bar to the utmost right) appears to be higher with a larger standard deviation. However, these values probably should be taken with caution, since some of the persons might have had some minor cardiac or pulmonary difficulty or occult blood loss from the gastrointestinal tract--even though they were declared healthy by the physician of the seniority home. From the age of 6 months on there appears to be no age dependency of rbc creatine concentration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

A comparison between the MMPI and the 'Mensana Clinic Back Pain Test' for validating the complaint of chronic back pain in women.

Reports on the efficacy of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) for selecting patients with valid complaints of pain, have been equivocal. The Mensana Clinic Screening Test for Chronic Back Pain Patients (MPT) was able to predict, with some degree of success, patients who had definite organic pathology. However, ther MMPI measures personality traits, while the MPT measures the impact of pain on a patient's life. In order to determine which of the two tests would be a better predictor of actual physical abnormalities, and hence valid pain complaints, a comparison was undertaken between the two tests. The charts of 53 female admissions to the Neurosurgery Service of Johns Hopkins Hospital, with the complaint of back pain, were assessed. MMPI test results, as well as test results for the MPT, were compared to the presence or absence of pathology on electromyography, nerve conduction velocity studies, thermography, myelogram, CT scan, or X-ray. The MPT had a correlation factor of -0.5384, that was significant at the 0.00002 level. Of the 30 patients scoring 17 points or less on the MPT, 77% had objective physical abnormalities, considered moderate or severe by blind review. Of the 23 patients scoring 18 points or greater on the MPT, only 18% had objective physical findings that were considered moderate or severe. Only the depression scale (scale no. 2) of the MMPI correlated with objective physical abnormalities (R = -0.30). However, only 58% of the patients with T scores on scale no. 2 of less than 70 had objective findings, while 56% of patients with T scores greater than 70 had objective physical findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Back Pain↗
PubMed1987

[Clinico-pathological aspects of farmer's lung. Review of the literature and personal cases].

Data are presented on 9 subjects with Farmer's lung encountered in 1981-85. In all cases dyspnea arose within several hours after exposure to the allergen and in 4 cases only a few minutes after exposure. The radiological picture was altered in 7 cases (6 miliary pictures and 1 case of medial and basal nodulation). In functional terms 6 restrictive and 3 mixed forms were identified. The specific bronchial provocation test was positive wherever it was performed. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed predominantly lymphocytic alveolitis in the most recent cases. Transbronchial biopsy also revealed the presence of pulmonary granulomatosis in various stages of development. Finally skin tests were positive to various antigens in several cases while specific precipitin were found in all cases. These data are compared with reports in the literature.

Adult↗