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PubMed1987

Migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the United States: a review of health hazards, status, and policy.

Although the occupation and associated living conditions of migrant and seasonal agricultural workers in the US pose exceptional health hazards to the workers and their dependents, relatively few occupational health professionals have been involved with this group. This articles examines the basis for this neglect and proposes a definition of the population that should be considered in farmworker health policy. It then reviews existing evidence regarding hazards of 4 major occupational exposures--pesticides, the sun, injuries, and poor field sanitation--and policies that have been developed to address these hazards. The extremely negative health consequences of farmworker living conditions, which are indirect occupational hazards, are also summarized. Numerous policy, planning, and research recommendations are made. Adequate solutions for this impoverished and powerless group, however, will require significant sociopolitical advances, such as are developing with unionization and other forms of political organization.

Americas↗
PubMed1980

Tunisia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Africa↗
PubMed1996

Refugees of Turkish origin: "coerced immigrants" to Turkey since 1945.

"While several studies (in both Turkish and English) have been made on migration to the Ottoman Empire from the Caucasus and the Balkans during the nineteenth century...very little systematic and comprehensive research on migration has been undertaken on the period since the establishment of the Turkish Republic. This article, which aims to partially fill the gap, is divided into three parts: the issue of national refugees (refugees of Turkish origin) in relation to Turkey's overall refugee policy; Turkey's policy towards national refugees; and the volume and causes of refugee migration to Turkey since 1945." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Asia↗
PubMed1998

International migration scenarios for the European Economic Area.

"This article describes the assumptions on international migration underlying the new population scenarios for countries of the European Economic Area. Three scenarios will be presented. The Baseline scenario describes a situation in which observed developments are continued. In the High scenario net migration is assumed to increase in the short run. In the long run this will provoke a political reaction, resulting in a significant reduction in the influx of migrants. In the Low scenario it is assumed that current net migration figures of the EEA will be halved in the next decade."

Demography↗
PubMed1997

Gender, age, and ethnicity in immigration for an Australian nation.

An analysis of Australian immigration policy since the Second World War is presented. The emphasis is on the gender and age of preferred immigrants, rather than on their race or place of birth. "The author proposes that selection of immigrant settlers in Australia since World War 2 has been gendered as well as racialised, often combining particular sexisms with particular racisms and specifying the ways that ethnicity and gender should coexist in immigrants of different age groups. She notes implications for immigrants once in Australia (especially women) of the category under which they have entered the country. And she suggests that a new phase relating immigration to redefinition of the Australian nation, in which the temporary migration of skilled workers is preferred to their permanent migration, may be beginning; a phase whose modes of regulation and outcomes are as distinctively gendered as were those of their predecessors."

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Intraregional migration of skilled manpower.

This is an analysis of the migration of skilled manpower among the countries of Latin America. "The author reviews its causes, possible implications, the characteristics of these flows of skilled migrants, and the relationship between what is to be observed in some countries and the official attitude adopted by their Governments. This examination suggests that the emigration of skilled human resources, regardless of their destination, is invariably a loss for developing countries owing to [migrants] high social value and economic cost."

Demography↗
PubMed1991

Contemporary Indian immigration to the United States--is the brain drain over?

"The post-mid-1970's picture of international migration from India...gives the impression that its 'brain drain' to the developed countries of the West, particularly the U.S.A. declined.... The impression was also consolidated by changes in the American Immigration Law wherein the emphasis had seemingly shifted from the 'occupational usefulness' of the immigrants in the American labour market to their 'family reunification.'.... The paper argues that human capital transfers through migration from India [have] not abated simply because of immigration under the 'occupational preference' categories. Rather what happened is that the brain drain has continued through alternative channels...." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Americas↗