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At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Infectious endocarditis following artificial insemination. A clinical case report and review of the literature].

We describe a case of infective endocarditis in a 33 year old patient, with mitral valve prolapse (MVP), who underwent nine attempts of artificial insemination with semen by donor. Several blood cultures demonstrated the presence of Enterococcus faecalis; the same agent was identified in some vaginal cultures. Despite antibiotic therapy, infective endocarditis was complicated by severe mitral regurgitation, followed by the rupture of a chorda tendinea. The patient underwent cardiac surgery: valvuloplasty of posterior mitral cusp, chordae tendineae in Goretex and anulus reinforcement with autologous pericardium. MVP is the most common heart disease associated with infective endocarditis in non-drug addict patients (32-54%). The review of the literature did not show any other case of infective endocarditis after artificial insemination procedures. Because of the large spread of these procedures, we think antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis should be considered in patients with MVP.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Results of multiple follicular growth with CC + pure FSH + HCG and intrauterine insemination with washed semen].

The Authors have treated 40 women affected by primary or secondary infertility due to various etiologies (with the exclusion of the tubal factor as cause of infertility) for 123 cycles with clomiphene citrate (CC) 50 mg/daily/6 days from day cycle IV to/days from day cycle IX+pure follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 75 IU/daly from day cycle VII day cycle IX and 150 IU/d of pure follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from day cycle 10th to day cycle XII/XIII. In all patients human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG 5000IU) was administered when the level of 17 B-estradiol was > or = 900 pg/ml and the follicular diameter > or = 19 mm. After 24 hours from the administration of human chorionic gonadotropins (HCG), the patients underwent intrauterine insemination with washed semen and the insemination was repeated in all patients 24 hours after the first-one. This protocol has allowed to obtain 12 pregnancies (30%); the cancelled cycles were 9 (of whom 5, equal to 4.06%, for mild hyperstimulation and 4, equal to 3.25%, for non compliance). Our results confirm the value of the protocol and the low risk of ovarian hyperstimulation following the use of pure follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in association with clomiphene citrate (CC).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Two years' experience of intrauterine insemination for the treatment of infertility.

The result of a two year (1990-1991) trial of IUI is presented. Discontinuous Percoll-gradient centrifugation technic was used for motile sperm separation. In 174 couples with 610 treatment cycles, there were 49 clinical pregnancies. The pregnancy per patient was 28 per cent and the pregnancy per cycle was 8 per cent. Cycle fecundity by various factors which possibly influence the outcome were assessed. The success rate appeared to be higher in the young female age group, short duration of infertility, secondary infertility, unexplained infertility, a higher number of motile sperm inseminated and dual insemination in a cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A tale of three women: a survey of the rights and responsibilities of unmarried women who conceive by alternative insemination and a model for legislative reform.

Courts in a number of jurisdictions have recently confronted questions of legal parentage concerning children conceived by alternative insemination. Typically, the biological mother is contesting the right of either the sperm donor or a non-biological co-parent to custody or visitation. This Note surveys the current state of the law and demonstrates a lack of protection for the rights of unmarried biological mothers and their co-parents. This Note then proposes a new paradigm for establishing the parties' rights and obligations, one that reflects the parties' pre-insemination, mutual intent regarding parenting responsibilities and encourages legal acknowledgement of and protection for the families people are creating with the help of AI.

Child Custody↗
PubMed1994

Therapeutic donor insemination: fresh versus frozen.

Therapeutic donor insemination is used in the treatment of male factor infertility with the use of cryopreserved semen being the standard of care. We reviewed the therapeutic donor insemination (TDI) program at the University of Missouri. Data from TDI cycles between January, 1985 and October 1988, using fresh semen, were retrospectively reviewed and compared to cycles using frozen semen between November, 1988 and April, 1991. Pregnancy rates were 60% and 49% for fresh and frozen cycles respectively with monthly fecundabilities of 0.10 and 0.086 respectively. These rates are comparable to those achieved in other centers. Additionally, as found in most other TDI programs, analysis reveals no statistically significant difference in fecundability with the use of a fresh specimen over frozen semen.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1993

[Estrus synchronization and insemination results in Arabian mares in the Eskisehir stud].

An Arab broodmare herd of 30 mares age ranging from 4 to 12 years was grouped into 3 groups (group A, B, C) with 10 mares each and exposed to three different methods of cycle synchronisation. Group A mares received two PGF2 alpha injections 14 days apart. Group B mares got additionally 2,500 IU of hCG 5 days after second prostaglandin application. Group C consisted of mares which had foaled in a synchrony of one week and got a PGF2 alpha injection 3 weeks after parturition. All the mares responding to synchronisation were inseminated closely to ovulation detected by serial rectal palpations with an insemination doses of 0.5 billion of progressively motile spermatozoa. Conception control was performed on the 18th day after ovulation to be continued up to pregnancy confirmation on day 60. Synchronisation response in the different groups A, B, C was 60, 80, 80% starting first oestrus signs between 24 to 36 hours and ovulation time between 5 to 6.5 days post last PGF2 alpha application. Pregnancy rate (first cycle) was 66.7% (A), 75% (B) and 87% (C) basing on the number of mares who responded to synchronisation exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Intraluminal pressure variations in the isthmus of the porcine oviduct after intrauterine insemination with saline, oestrogen solution or boar seminal plasma.

The purpose of this study was to investigate if an intrauterine deposition of saline, boar seminal plasma, or an oestrogen solution containing 11.5 micrograms oestrogens affected the intraluminal pressure in the isthmus of the oviduct in unrestrained gilts. In order to monitor variations in intraluminal pressure, 2 ultra-miniature pressure sensors, located at 2 different points along the same isthmus were used. After an initial recording period, either saline, boar seminal plasma, or the oestrogen solution was deposited directly into the uterus. Intraluminal pressure recordings were conducted up to 6 h after insemination, and blood samples, for monitoring oestradiol-17 beta and 15-ketodihydroprostaglandin F2 alpha levels, were collected. None of the inseminates had any consistent effect on the intraluminal pressure in the porcine oviduct. After deposition of the oestrogen solution, increases in the circulating levels of both oestradiol-17 beta and 15-ketodihydroprostaglandin F2 alpha were seen.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Predictive value of endometrial sonography in ovulation induction for intrauterine insemination.

This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the prognostic value of the endometrial sonographic pattern on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration in patients who underwent intrauterine insemination. The endometrial sonographic patterns were classified as homogenous, hyperechogenic (A), intermediate isoechogenic (B) and multiple-layered "triple-line" (C). Type A had no pregnancies, whereas type B had a 20% fecundity rate and type C had a 21.1% fecundity rate. The continuing pregnancy rate was 10% in type B, as compared to 19.3% in type C. The data suggest that the endometrial sonographic pattern on the day of hCG administration may be of predictive value regarding fecundity and continuing pregnancy in the intrauterine insemination cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Minimal criteria of sperm quality for insemination and IVF therapy.

Minimal criteria are poorly established because prognosis of success for an individual couple is possible only statistically. In the past, therefore, there was wide variation in the minimal semen criteria required to ensure that therapy for male subfertility had a chance of being successful. The aim of this study was to define minimal criteria for semen parameters in husbands of women undergoing IVF and insemination at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Göttingen. The results prove that the establishment of minimal semen criteria is only possible to a limited extent. At least 10 x 10(6) spermatozoa/ml, of which at least 30% are motile and 15% have progressive motility, are required for IVF or insemination therapy, despite the fact that pregnancies can be achieved with lower parameters. As a minimum, 20% of spermatozoa should be of normal morphology. On average, a curvilinear velocity of 35 microns/sec and a straight-line velocity of 15 microns/sec are needed. It is questionable, however, if in future these minimal criteria will still be relevant. The successful injection of one spermatozoon into an oocyte (intracytoplasmic sperm injection, ICSI) suggests that all the semen quality parameters which have been demanded in the past are no longer of any value. Fertilization and pregnancy can be achieved by ICSI even with immotile spermatozoa, spermatozoa which have not undergone the acrosome reaction, spermatozoa without tails, and morphologically aberrant and/or immature spermatozoa.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation/intrauterine insemination cycles in subfertile couples. Effect of a six-day-only laboratory work week on cycle fecundity rates.

OBJECTIVE: Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) combined with intrauterine insemination (IUI) is commonly used to improve fecundability in subfertile couples with tubal patency. Daily hormonal and/or sonographic monitoring is considered important to minimize risks and determine optimal timing of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration. No patient monitoring or IUI services are available on Sundays in our program. We sought to determine if lack of Sunday monitoring and IUI services adversely affected cycle fecundity (CF) in our COH-IUI program. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively analyzed 1,336 consecutive COH-IUI cycles and compared the CF rate for IUIs performed on either Saturday or Monday (group I) with those done on Tuesday through Friday (group II). Cycles where IUIs would have been ideally scheduled on Sunday, as determined by the patient's estradiol level and/or ultrasound, were performed on either Saturday or Monday by altering the day of hCG administration. RESULTS: No difference existed in patient age, diagnosis, treatment or number of total motile sperm inseminated between groups I and II. The CF rate for group I (13.8%/cycle) was not significantly different than that for group II (11.8%). CONCLUSION: We were unable to demonstrate any significant effect on pregnancy rates of suboptimal hCG timing in COH-IUI cycles resulting from the lack of Sunday services.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Artificial insemination by donor/in vitro fertilization by donor and quality of the embryo. Federation of CECOS].

OBJECTIVE: To assess pregnancies and conceptus after artificial insemination (IAD) or IVF with frozen semen donor (IVFD) on sufficiently large study population in order to distinguished minor variations. STUDY DESIGN: From 1987 to 1994 all pregnancies obtained after AID or IVFD where registered prospectively in the French CECOS Federation data base. Different factors were recorded for this study: first menarch age of the recipient women, cycle length, insemination date in the conception cycle, maternal age at delivery, hormonal treatments, donor age, sperm conservation length and follow up of the pregnancy: miscarriage, tubal pregnancy, time at delivery, sex of the fetus, weight, malformation. RESULTS: 21,597 pregnancies obtained after AID and 3381 after IVFD were registered. 2% where lost of follow up. Fetal loss rate is 18% after AID and 21.5% after AID and 1.7% after IVFD (p < 0.0001). 18,128 children were born after AID and 3,313 after IVFD. After AID the twin pregnancy rate is 6.9% and the multiple pregnancy (> or = 3 fetus) rate is 0.7%. After IVDF these rates are respectively 24.8% and 4.2% (p < 0.0001). After AID the mean weight at delivery, sex ratio, premature rate, intra uterine growth retardation rate are not different from national rates published in 1995. The fetus malformation rate (including medical abortions) is 1.9% after AID and 2.7% after IVFD (p < 0.009). After AID the trisomy 21 rate increase with the mother age but also with the donors age if the maternal age is equal. The birth defects rate is not different from those registered in Paris, Strasbourg and Marseille. The birth defects rate observed after IVDF is not different from the rate observed after IVF with husband semen (2.74% versus 2.99%, p = 0.16). CONCLUSION: After AID the miscarriage and tubal pregnancy rate, the children weight, the premature rate is not different from the general French, population. Sex ratio is normal as the global malformation rate. The multiple pregnancy rate (x 7 for twin and by 10 for multiple pregnancies more than 3 fetus) is high showing the influence of ovulation induction treatment. The birth chromosomic abnormalities rate is normal and correlated to the mother age but also to the donor age. This result without clear biological explanation will require further verification in a greater population. Practically speaking, this observations encourages lowering the age limit for the semen donors less than 45 years. IVFD practice instead of AID double the tubal pregnancy rate (0.9% versus 1.7% and increase the twin pregnancy rate by 2.5% and the multiple pregnancy (> or = 3 fetus) rate by 3. It is necessary to promote AID from which the pregnancy rate is very different from one center to another with in the centers with AID low results a too high rate of IVFD. Finally we can say that pregnancy from IVFD or IVF with husband semen are not significantly different. In other words pregnancy outcome is not changed after sperm cryopreservation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Intra-uterine inseminations with hyperstimulation in male infertility].

Our aim is to evaluate the efficacity of intrauterine insemination in male infertility after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. 96 cycles were carried out. 16 pregnancies were achieved, the pregnancy rate per cycle is 16.7% (43.3% per couple) and 12.5% ongoing pregnancies. Six cycles were proposed and the higher cumulative probability of pregnancy is obtained at the 4th cycle. The best pregnancy rate per cycle is obtained with 5.10(6) to 10.10(6) inseminated. The success rate is not associated with the number of sperm abnormalities in our study.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Superfoetation following artificial insemination in a ewe (author's transl)].

A case of superfoetation following artifical insemination in a ewe is reported. Estimation of the age of the lambs was based on the maturity of the liver, lung, kidney, brown adipose tissue and skin, showing a difference in gestational age of approximately thirty-six days. The possibility of spontaneous superfoetation as well as that of a second fertilization after artificial insemination is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Pregnancy after ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination in a woman with cavernous macrohemangioma of the liver. A case report.

BACKGROUND: There are only a few reports on cavernous hepatic hemangiomas after hormonal substitution or during pregnancy. So far, there have been no publications on ovulation stimulation in such patients. CASE: We report on a 31-year-old, asymptomatic, healthy woman with an incidental ultrasound finding of a cavernous macrohemangioma (diameter, 14 cm) of the liver. For treatment of primary infertility, clomiphene citrate therapy had been administered repeatedly in the past. Because these treatments were not successful and andrologic subfertility existed, homologous intrauterine insemination was recommended. The first treatment cycle with clomiphene citrate, human chorionic gonadotropin and subsequent intrauterine insemination was successful. During pregnancy, 2.5-cm growth of the liver hemangioma and a smaller, second lesion occurred but remained asymptomatic. Primary cesarean section was performed at 37 weeks' gestation to prevent rupture or hemorrhage of the hepatic hemangioma. Macrohemangiomas of the liver are associated with the risk of rupture and severe hemorrhage due to pressure during pregnancy and delivery. CONCLUSION: During ovulation stimulation, pregnancy and the immediately postpartum period, there was no change in this benign tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Direct intraperitoneal insemination in ovarian hyperstimulation cycles induced with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.

Direct intraperitoneal insemination (DIPI) is one of the least invasive strategies of assisted reproduction. Unexplained infertility, cervical factors and male sub-fertility are major indications for DIPI. This is a report of pregnancy that occurred as a result of a novel trial of DIPI, in which ovarian stimulation took place using a long gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue and human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) protocol in a patient who had been unsuccessfully treated with intrauterine insemination.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) after previous failure of heterologous insemination].

We report on our experiences with 25 married couples that approached us for intracytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) after previous failure of artificial insemination by donor (AID). AID has been carried out in several specialized fertility centers. We traditionally refrain from donor semen procedures. All patients have undergone at least 4 treatment cycles of AID, the maximum was 20. With exception of one all patients have been inseminated after ovarian hyperstimulation according to different protocols (e.g. GnRH-A/FSH, hMG; CC/hMG). Prior to ICSI we have confirmed male subfertility being in all patients of severe grade. All patients have been proven to have ejaculated spermatozoa. We have performed 71 treatment cycles for ICSI so far, 19 patients have become pregnant, 3 have aborted. The pregnancy rate per cycle is 26%, per embryo transfer 30%, and per patient 76%. We think that these results are primarily caused by so far unknown defects in oocytes and their function during fertilization. Besides, we assume psychosomatic causes maybe involved.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Sperm and spermatozeugma ultrastructure in the inseminating species Tyttocharax cochui, T. tambopatensis, and Scopaeocharax rhinodus (Pisces: Teleostei: Characidae: Glandulocaudinae: Xenurobryconini).

This article presents the scanning and transmission electron microscopy of the spermatozoa and sperm packets of three inseminating species of the glandulocaudine tribe Xenurobryconini. All three species, Scopaeocharax rhinodus, Tyttocharax cochui, and T. tambopatensis produce unencapsulated sperm packets (= spermatozeugmata) of similar morphology. The external anterior surface of each spermatozeugma is comprised of elongate sperm heads arranged in parallel, and the posterior part is made up of tightly packed flagella. The interior of the anterior portion consists of alternating layers of sperm heads and flagella. The remarkable integrity of each packet appears to be maintained through an electron-dense secretion seen among all parts of the cells. Spermatozeugma formation takes place within the spermatocysts at the end of spermiogenesis and at spermiation fully formed packets are released. Morphology of the mature spermatozoa was similar in all three species. Each nucleus is elongate, flattened along most of its length, and tapers at either end. The two centrioles are nearly parallel to one another and are located just anterior to the nucleus. Elongate mitochondria are located along the nucleus. The single flagellum, which lacks axonemal fins, is initially contained within a short cytoplasmic collar. Accessory microtubules run parallel to the long axis of the nucleus just beneath the plasma membrane. During spermiogenesis, no nuclear rotation occurs and the cytoplasmic canal containing the flagellum elongates along with the nucleus. However, prior to spermiation all but the anterior portion of the collar degenerates. The sperm modifications observed in these species are discussed as adaptations to the unique reproductive habit of insemination.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Cleavage characteristics of mouse embryos inseminated and cultured after zona pellucida drilling.

The effects of zona drilling on mouse embryo development in vitro were evaluated. Following insemination, sperm were immediately concentrated at the area of drilling, and in zona-drilled eggs, pronuclei appeared 30-50 min earlier than in zona-intact controls. Zona-drilled oocytes fertilized at significantly higher rates than undrilled controls and, consequently, a greater percentage of eggs inseminated after zona drilling reached the blastocyst stage. The attrition rates of zona-drilled embryos at each cleavage stage did not differ significantly from controls. Manipulated embryos exhibited unique cleavage patterns. Some embryos lost their zonae entirely, whereas others became partially extruded at early cleavage stages. These anomalies led to separation of blastomeres from the zygote proper, aggregation of embryos to form giant composite morulae and blastocysts, and occasionally to formation of miniature twin blastocysts. These characteristics of cleavage indicate that although zona drilling of a cohort of oocytes is likely to lead to an increased number of live births relative to controls, some developmental abnormalities can be encountered, and these may be associated with embryo loss, spontaneous chimerism, or possibly with conception of monozygotic twins.

Animals↗