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At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Viruses and the development of quantitative biological electron microscopy.

The electron microscope has become an important tool for determining the structure of biological materials of all kinds. Many technical advances in specimen preparation and in sophisticated methods of image analysis, initially based on optical systems but latterly on computer processing, have contributed to the development of the subject. Viruses of various kinds have often provided a convenient and appropriate test specimen. This paper describes the major technical advances and shows how viruses have had an important role in most of the developments.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1997

[Current responsibilities of information processing in gynecology].

The importance of information management systems for obstetrics and gynecology has largely increased during the last years. The reasons are increasing demands for valuable medical data for economical and medical purposes and the growing complexity of sufficient applications. Actual working fields are quality assurance in perinatology and gynecological surgery, networking, image processing and applications for artificial intelligence.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1993

[10 years of medical-hospital data processing. Returns, answers, hazards or benefits of technology serving mankind].

The medical data processing has been introduced 10 years ago in the city hospital of Neuchâtel. The application includes a problem oriented electronic medical record, software assistance for diagnoses coding, diagnostic and therapeutic files, access to Medline, specific applications for intensive care and neonatology, and also a medical server meant for exchanging data with general practitioners and other hospitals. The reliability, the security and the usefulness of the application are discussed, as well as the orientation of the new application, being developed at present, is described. The physicians, i.e. today users, must prepare themselves the applications for the coming years. The treatment of the medical data must be optimal and also make the personal relationship between the physician and his patient easier.

Computers↗
PubMed1981

Laser microirradiation of cerebellar neurons in culture. Electrophysiological and morphological effects.

Electrophysiological and ultrastructural effects of focused laser radiation on neurons from neonatal rat cerebellum in tissue culture are reported. Action potentials were elicited by an extracellular current pulse train. The stimulator voltage required for half-maximum response frequency was measured as a function of the energy delivered by a single laser pulse. Above a "threshold" laser energy, the cell response to stimulation became negligible for all stimulator voltages. Electron micrographs of cells revealed that the mitochondria are preferentially damaged at an energy comparable to the electrophysiological threshold. The damaged mitochondria showed swollen matrix space and disrupted cristae membranes. Higher laser energies resulted in damage to other cytoplasmic structures. The results are consistent with a model that assumes that light interaction with the nerve cells proceeds by local heating of the mitochondria and nearby structures and leads to an increased conductance of the membrane to some ionic species.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A cell-centered database for electron tomographic data.

Electron tomography is providing a wealth of 3D structural data on biological components ranging from molecules to cells. We are developing a web-accessible database tailored to high-resolution cellular level structural and protein localization data derived from electron tomography. The Cell Centered Database or CCDB is built on an object-relational framework using Oracle 8i and is housed on a server at the San Diego Supercomputer Center at the University of California, San Diego. Data can be deposited and accessed via a web interface. Each volume reconstruction is stored with a full set of descriptors along with tilt images and any derived products such as segmented objects and animations. Tomographic data are supplemented by high-resolution light microscopic data in order to provide correlated data on higher-order cellular and tissue structure. Every object segmented from a reconstruction is included as a distinct entity in the database along with measurements such as volume, surface area, diameter, and length and amount of protein labeling, allowing the querying of image-specific attributes. Data sets obtained in response to a CCDB query are retrieved via the Storage Resource Broker, a data management system for transparent access to local and distributed data collections. The CCDB is designed to provide a resource for structural biologists and to make tomographic data sets available to the scientific community at large.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic electron microscopy: future development.

When the electron microscope was initially developed, pathologists thought that it would become the ultimate diagnostic tool for tumor diagnosis because the structure of subcellular organelles could be visualized. However, the role of diagnostic electron microscopy in tumor diagnosis diminished rapidly when it was noted that there were a finite number of diagnostic subcellular organelles and that immunohistochemistry could yield the answer to questions which related to tumor diagnosis more rapidly and cheaply. If diagnostic EM is to remain a viable entity, its future role in tumor diagnosis lies in exploiting the relevance of the correlation between structure and function of subcellular organelles. This correlation between structure and function of subcellular organelles is best accomplished in an environment in which the recent technologic advances in electronics are incorporated into the electron microscopy laboratory.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗