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PubMed1983

[Modification of echographically detectable epiphyseal centers by the sex, weight and length of the fetus].

An investigation on the influence of foetal factors on the size and the appearance of epiphysis centres in the foetal knee is performed in 222 cases with well-defined duration of amenorrhoea. While the weight and the length of the infants show a significant influence at least on the size of the femoral centres, sex does not have any influence on the diameter. The time of the echographic appearance of epiphysis centres does not depend on any of the investigated foetal parameters.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Osteoneogenesis in callus and epiphyseal distraction].

X-rays were reviewed after callus distractions (50 cases) and distraction epiphysiolysis (10 cases) in 45 patients. With the aid of a computerized digitization system for analogue films, the relative x-ray density of the distraction area was determined in the medial, lateral, ventral and dorsal surface areas, and in the median line of the callus tissue. Bone formation became evident within 21.7 +/- 3.7 days post-distraction in the thigh and 25.4 +/- 4.9 days in the shank. The lowest density values were found at the end of the distraction phase followed by a continual increase in x-ray density in the fixation phase. There was a significant decrease in callus x-ray density in the shank from lateral to medial and from dorsal to ventral, and in the thigh from medial to lateral and from dorsal to ventral. When the corticotomized callus distraction is compared to the distraction epiphysiolysis without corticotomy it becomes apparent that the differences between lateral-medial x-ray densities and dorsal-ventral x-ray densities were significantly greater in the group with callus distraction. The deminished bone formation in the ventromedial area of the shank and the ventrolateral area of the thigh seems to be due to soft tissue damage and disturbances in local bone blood supply after the operative approach for corticotomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Histomorphometric and electron microscopic analyses of tibial epiphyseal plates from Cosmos 1887 rats.

Previous studies have shown that the changes seen in the bones of growing rats exposed to microgravity are due in part to changes that occur in the growth plate during spaceflight. In this study, growth plates of rats flown aboard Cosmos 1887 (12.5-day flight plus 53.5-h recovery at 1 g) were analyzed using light and electron microscopy and computerized planimetry. The proliferative zone of flight animals was found to be significantly (P less than or equal to 0.01) larger than that of controls, while the reserve and hypertrophic/calcification zones were significantly reduced. Flight animals also had more cells per column in the proliferative zone than did controls and less in the hypertrophic/calcification region. The total number of cells, however, was significantly greater in flight animals. No difference was found in perimeter or in shape factor, but area was significantly less in flight animals. Electron microscopy showed that collagen fibrils in flight animals were wider than in controls. Since the time required for a cell to cycle through the growth plate is 2-3 days at 1 g, the results reported here represent both the effects of exposure to microgravity and the initial stages of recovery from that exposure.

Animals↗