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At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Asthenopia and objective ophthalmological findings in a population of 2058 VDT operators in Lombardy].

A large population of 2058 VDT operators from all compartments in Lombardia of a large national company was studied. An "ergophthalmological" questionnaire was administered to all subjects, followed by an ophthalmological-orthoptic examination. Ametropias showed a prevalence of 51.9%; the most common refractive defect was myopia followed by astigmatism and hyperopia. Heterophorias with bad or mediocre compensation had a prevalence of 4.1 and 11% respectively. The study of symptoms showed a frequency of 23.5% of intense asthenopic complaints and 21.1% of less severe and less frequent symptomatology. Asthenopia was significantly correlated (chi square) with sex, VDT exposure, refraction, presbyopia, and decompensated heterophorias.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Health status of journalists and organization of work in a national daily newspaper].

A multidisciplinary investigation was performed on 173 reporters (53 men and 20 women) of a newspaper. The microclimate and illumination conditions of the main seat, in which the use of VDT was beginning, were satisfactory, although not all the instruments were correctly adjusted. A very low percentage of reporters working in the main center was suffering from arterial hypertension indicating the presence of the "healthy worker effect". The values of plasma cortisol and arterial blood pressure of 10 reporters of the main seat, except two cases, changed normally during the evening hours. It is to point out that among the reporters there was significant correlation between spondylosis and astigmatism. The psychological investigation evidenced that the reporters were aggressive, eager of success and with constant attention. The EMG biofeedback demonstrated in the reporters with a more prolonged period of employment nervous tension and difficulty in relaxing. Particularly, in the reporters of the main center, the Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory was more altered than in those of the peripheral seats.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Obesity as a risk factor in drug-induced organ injury: increased liver and kidney damage by acetaminophen in the obese overfed rat.

The overfed rat served as the animal model for examining the influence of obesity on the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic potential of metabolically activated drugs, and acetaminophen served as the prototype drug. Weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were given a standard pellet diet or semisynthetic, energy-dense diet designed to produce obesity. After 24 weeks, when overfed rats outweighed controls by more than 50%, animals received 710 mg/kg of acetaminophen i.p., based on total body weight. Toxicity evaluation included biochemical signs of organ injury over the first 24 hr and histopathologic changes in tissue morphology at 48 hr. Both enzyme release (alanine aminotransferase into plasma, alkaline phosphatase into urine) and frank cellular necrosis in liver and kidney of obese rats greatly exceeded that in pellet-fed controls. Contributing to the potentiation of injury were higher peak plasma concentrations of acetaminophen in obese animals resulting from total body weight dosing. However, liver and kidney injury and mortality remained elevated when peak plasma concentrations were matched by fat-free mass dosing, indicating that increased toxicity also was related to obesity. Incomplete recovery of acetaminophen and metabolites from obese animals (45 vs. 71% in control rats) caused by a functional renal impairment made it impossible to determine the metabolic fate of acetaminophen in overfed animals from the analysis of urine collections. Drug products measured in urine were summed with amounts remaining in carcass at sacrifice, computed as terminal plasma concentrations times respective distribution volumes. These results showed obese rats to form more glucuronide and less sulfate conjugate than did pellet-fed controls, coinciding with clinical evidence for enhanced glucuronidation in obese humans.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1987

Human laminin B1 chain. A multidomain protein with gene (LAMB1) locus in the q22 region of chromosome 7.

We report the isolation and characterization of six overlapping cDNA clones that provide the first and complete amino acid sequence of the human laminin B1 chain. The cDNA clones cover 5613 nucleotides with 5358 nucleotides in an open reading frame encoding 1786 amino acids, including a 21-residue signal peptide-like sequence. Sequence analysis demonstrated the presence of two types of internal homology repeats that were found in clusters within the polypeptide chain. The type A repeats contain about 50 amino acids of which 8 are cysteine. These repeats are present in two clusters toward the NH2-terminal end of the chain and are separated from each other by about 220 amino acids. The two clusters contain five and eight consecutive repeats each. There are two copies of consecutive type B repeats of about 40 amino acids close to the COOH-terminal end. Computer analysis of the amino acid sequence of the B1 chain revealed the presence of structurally distinct domains that contain cysteine-rich repeats, globular regions, and helical structures. Using somatic cell hybrid methodology and in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes it was established that the human laminin B1 gene (LAMB1) is located in the q22 region of chromosome 7.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1978

Decentralized pharmacist concept solves unit dose problems.

In order to solve problems associated with the unit dose drug distribution system at LDS Hospital, the decentralized pharmacist concept was tried. The pharmacist uses a master medication cart to fill new drug orders at the nursing station and a computer video terminal at the nursing station to check patient profiles. The reactions of nurses and members of the medical staff to the decentralized pharmacist are described.

Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over↗
PubMed1978

Cassette videotape recording of computer images.

Direct videotape recording of images from computer display terminals is often not possible because of the nonstandard outputs of these systems. A video-sync mixer is described that permits black-and-white recording on standard 3/4-in. videotape cassettes.

Data Display↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Optimal ocular correction for computer operators].

Different methods of correction of refractive errors with glasses were discussed in the paper. The problem of the use of antireflection coating and tinting or color coating of the lenses was also presented.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A joint hospital/vendor project brings CQI and point-of-care technology to home care.

A joint project team consisting of personnel from Parkview Episcopal Medical Center, Pueblo, Colorado, and Patient Care Technologies, Atlanta, Georgia, a software vendor, codeveloped a point-of-care based system of electronic patient records and administrative data capture for home health care. Well established continuous quality improvement techniques, in use at Parkview for approximately 6 years, guided the development project and the subsequent alpha and beta testing of the system. Significant results to date include an overall productivity gain approaching 20%, the potential to increase annual home care revenue $876,000 with the same staffing level, and an 83% reduction in billing errors. Although not directly measured as a part of the study, the project team believes the quality of charting has improved because it is now done at the point-of-care in the home rather than in the office--some period of time after care is delivered. Anticipated future development includes integration of the home care clinical record with the hospital's clinical data repository and explicit support of critical pathways.

Accounting↗
PubMed1994

Ergonomic analysis of informatics equipment.

Ergonomic analysis of video display units (VDUs) was carried out in an institution in Zagreb. Altogether 39 ergonomic features were analysed according to the Swedish programme Screen Checker. The VDU operators were administered a questionnaire on subjective complaints in connection with work conditions. Six ergonomic features were found to be inappropriate. Also, a high occurrence of related subjective complaints was observed. Active health protection of VDU operators according to the current international standards is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Subjective estimation of ergonomic conditions of working with video display units.

In a group of 49 operators entering data into video display units, the type and frequency of subjective complaints were assessed and subjective assessment of ergonomic working conditions was examined. A detailed ergonomic analysis of the equipment and workplaces was done. The results showed a high frequency of subjective complaints. Incompatibility was established between the objectively measured ergonomic features and subjective estimation of the workplaces.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Physiologic evaluation of permissible work timing at the video display].

The studies covered changes in functional state of 42 programmers working at VGA. All the examinees reported subjective evaluation of fatigue and variational pulsometry before and after the work at VGA, those who worked at the display for 3 hours underwent blood pressure and pulse rate measurements (with subsequent calculation of several hemodynamic parameters) before and after the work. The researchers applied Major Components Method to obtain some integral parameters. The obtained values described initial state of cardiovascular system and changes in autocorellation of some BCG intervals. The fatigue was proved to occur by the end of the second working hour, and by the end of the third hour the examines demonstrated unfavorable changes of functional state (depression of heart activities and increased blood pressure). Only those who worked over 4 hours reported discomfort, so functional disorders appear earlier, than individuals detect them.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Energy characteristics of vision with the use of electronic displays].

When developing diagnostic apparatuses to assess visual power characteristics by means of electronic displays, much attention should be paid to metrological aspects. To meet the metrological requirements for sensitivity, measurement range and errors, etc. allows one to detect the changes concerned in visual characteristics and visual disorders at different stages of pathological development. To estimate visual frequency-contrast sensitivity and colour discrimination ability, the number of reproduced brightness gradations for each display primary colour R, G or B should be at least 256 and the discrete raster format of test image, 512 x 512 elements. Recommendations are given on display operation modes with the aim of enhancing the accuracy of estimating visual characteristics.

Color Perception↗
PubMed1995

[Effects of occupational mental strain on etiology of neuroses in operators].

Complex clinical and physiologic examination covered operators facing changeable psychoemotional strain at work. The degree of psychoemotional strain appeared to have strong correlation with the diagnosed neurosis rate. The examination revealed main clinical syndrome in the neuroses and proved a distinct trend that prolonged forms of the condition were prevalent in the groups engaged into more emotionally burdensome work. The data obtained require further investigation to elaborate optimum measures for prophylaxis and treatment of the diseases diagnosed.

Adult↗