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Results for “ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID”

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At least 1,333 records · Page 74Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Acetylsalicylic acid activates antinociceptive brain-stem reflex activity in headache patients and in healthy subjects.

The exteroceptive suppression (ES) of electrical activity in the temporal muscle is an inhibitory antinociceptive brain-stem reflex. We investigated whether aspirin can significantly modulate latencies or durations of the early (ES1) and late (ES2) exteroceptive suppression periods of electrical activity in the temporal muscle. Participating in the randomized double-blind crossover study were 20 patients with migraine without aura, 20 patients with tension-type headache, and 20 healthy subjects. ES1 and ES2 elicited by an electrical stimulus of 20 mA lasting 0.2 msec were recorded during maximal voluntary contraction of the mastication muscles before and 30 min after medication. In a randomized and double-blind fashion half of the subjects were given 1200 mg of aspirin in the form of an effervescent solution and the other half were given an identically tasting solution without aspirin. One week later the experiment was repeated with the substances exchanged in crossover fashion. The administration of placebo as well as aspirin caused a highly significant increase in ES1 duration (P less than or equal to 0.001). While aspirin caused a highly significant increase in ES2 duration (P less than or equal to 0.001) the taking of placebo showed no significant effect on ES2 duration. In giving aspirin as opposed to the placebo, there was a significant interaction between groups and drug effect on the latency of ES1; whereas in migraine patients and in patients with tension-type headache the latency of ES1 was reduced by administration of aspirin, it was increased in healthy subjects (P less than or equal to 0.05). Neither aspirin nor placebo significantly varied the ES2 latency.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Colonic absorption of acetylsalicylic acid in the rat.

Aspirin is absorbed in the colon by passive diffusion to a significant degree in spite of the alkaline pH of the colonic lumen. Aspirin absorption by the colon is enhanced by increasing the hydrogen ion concentration. Butyric acid, by markedly reducing the absorption rate of aspirin, may be partially responsible for the unpredictable absorption of rectally administered aspirin. The addition of glycerol to aspirin preparations does not hinder the absorption of aspirin by the colon.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Interaction by bendrofluazide with acetylsalicylic acid.

The effects of aspirin and bendrofluazide alone and in combination were studied on the diuresis, natriuresis, kalliuresis and excretion of salicylates in normal human volunteers. The simultaneous administration of both drugs in a sequence of aspirin-bendrofluazide was accompanied by a reduction in the kalliuretic effect of aspirin without any significant effects on the natriuresis, kalliuresis and diuresis induced by bendrofluazide. Concomitant administration of both drugs produced marked increases in the amount of salicylate excreted over the experimental session, being highest (58.3%) with an aspirin-bendrofluazide sequence, and lowest (30.3%) when injected simultaneously (suggesting antagonism by bendrofluazide). The results suggest interference by bendrofluazide with the excretion of salicylate but not vice versa.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effects of acetylsalicylic acid on serotonin brain receptor subtypes.

1. The lysine salt of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) at a dose equivalent to 400 mg/kg of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) was intraperitoneally administered in rats. 2. After 30 and 120 min ASA did not modify the number of receptors nor the affinity of [3H] 8-OH-DPAT binding sites in pons and cerebral cortex. On the other hand, the receptor number in the cortex membranes decreased significantly using [3H] ketanserin as ligand, while the receptor number in the pontine membranes did not change. 3. These data support the involvement of central 5-HT receptors in the mode of action of ASA.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
PubMed2006

Influence of water-cellulose binding energy on stability of acetylsalicylic acid.

The aim of the present study was to investigate how the energies of water binding in cellulose tabletting excipients influence the availability of moisture to induce hydrolysis of acetylsalisylic acid (ASA). Cellulose powders of varying degree of order, denoted as low-crystallinity cellulose (LCC) and high-crystallinity cellulose (HCC), were produced by treating ordinary microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in ZnCl(2) solutions of varying concentrations. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and lactose monohydrate were used as reference excipients. The samples were then studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Different ratios of each excipient mixed with ASA were stored at 40% RH and 50 degrees C for 35 days to investigate the hydrolytic stability of the mixtures. Stability studies indicated that as concentration of HCC and MCC in binary mixtures with ASA was raised from 1 to 50% (w/w), ASA became increasingly unstable with respect to hydrolysis. Although LCC contained more moisture than the other celluloses, no such trend was observed in the LCC and lactose samples. DSC analysis revealed that each water molecule on the average was bound by more than three hydrogen bonds in the LCC and lactose structures and therefore remained predominantly unavailable to induce hydrolysis. The current study elucidates the necessity of evaluating the energy of water bindings in a pharmaceutical excipient when predicting the excipient's performance in mixtures comprising moisture-sensitive drugs.

Aspirin↗
PubMed2003

Anti-thrombin action of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid.

It is known that low-dose aspirin is effective in coronary artery therapy, although it has not yet been clarified how it exerts its action. Here, we report that treatment of coronary artery patients with 100 mg/day of aspirin does not attenuate thrombin generation, but reduces free thrombin by favouring the formation of thrombin/antithrombin (TAT) complexes. Antithrombin hyperactivation is mediated by inhibition of platelet factor 4 release from alpha-granules, leading to higher heparin availability.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Pharmacokinetics of a new nitroderivative of acetylsalicylic acid after a single dose in rats.

The pharmacokinetics of a new ASA-nitroderivative compound, NCX 4016 (ASA-NO2), was evaluated using an HPLC method. After single equimolar doses of ASA (35 mg kg(-1)) or ASA-NO2 (65 mg kg(-1)), no detectable levels of these compounds have been observed in rat plasma samples. SA peak levels were obtained at 3 h and 6 h after ASA and ASA-NO2 administration respectively. The elimination rate constants of SA were similar after ASA and ASA-NO2, suggesting a similar elimination phase of this metabolite in rats. From these data it is evident that ASA-NO2 is slowly metabolized in ASA, which is rapidly converted to SA.

Animals↗