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At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Osseointegrated dental implants with ball attachments supporting overdentures in patients with mandibular alveolar ridge atrophy.

Brånemark dental implants with ball attachments supporting overdentures were used as alternative treatment to combined lingual-vestibuloplasty with free split-thickness skin graft and removable dentures in 25 consecutive patients with mandibular alveolar ridge atrophy. Ninety-three fixtures were placed. Ball attachments were mounted on the fixtures, and implant-supported overdentures were inserted 3 to 4 months after fixture placement. The observation period after implant activation and prosthesis insertion varied from 12 to 27 months with a median observation period of 18 months. The overall success rate of individual implants was 97% (90/93). The prosthesis function rate was 100% (25/25). The 1-year success rate of individual implants was 98% (91/93) with a prosthesis function rate of 100% (25/25). No persistent surgical or prosthodontic complications were observed. Preliminary results indicate that osseointegrated Brånemark dental implants with ball attachments supporting overdentures can be a successful alternative to combined lingual-vestibuloplasty with free split-thickness skin graft and removal dentures in patients with denture problems related to mandibular alveolar ridge atrophy.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

The biomechanics of force distribution in implant-supported prostheses.

Force distribution with natural teeth depends on micromovement induced by the periodontal ligament. The location and cusp inclination of the tooth qualitatively alter the force pattern. Osseointegrated implants do not have micromovement associated with force distribution. Force distribution to the osseointegrated implant interface is completely different than with natural teeth. Alterations in tooth location and cusp inclination are suggested to limit implant overload. Force distribution in splinted natural teeth and osseointegrated prostheses are compared. The mechanism of interface force distribution and the consequences of poor interface fit are interrelated. The differential mobility of splinted natural teeth affects diagnosis and treatment. However, combining natural teeth with an osseointegrated prosthesis requires new design principles.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical follow-up study of ceramic veneered titanium restorations--three-year results.

Eighty-four titanium restorations having 125 ceramic veneers were placed for 32 patients. One hundred sixteen (93%) of the veneers could be reexamined after 21 to 41 months. Two of the restorations required removal because of a partial veneer loss. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed, giving a survival probability of .85 for single crowns and .59 for fixed partial dentures after a time interval of 30 months, regarding the veneer cracking or chipping. There was a significantly higher survival probability for single crowns than for fixed partial dentures (P=.001, logrank test). It was concluded that ceramic veneered titanium restorations should be limited to single crowns.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intermittent loading of teeth restored using prefabricated carbon fiber posts.

This in vivo study evaluated the fracture resistance of bovine teeth with prefabricated carbon fiber posts. Fourteen bovine teeth having similar lengths and dimensions were mounted in an acrylic resin block having a simulated periodontal ligament. The post space was prepared using two calibrated drills that provided an 8.5-mm post length. The prefabricated carbon fiber post was luted with a resin luting agent, and the core was made using the system's autopolymerizing resin core material. A crown was luted to each prepared tooth. Each test specimen was intermittently loaded (250 N) at an angulation of 45 degrees to the long axis of the tooth at a frequency of 2 loads per second. Four of the roots had an incomplete longitudinal fracture after loading. The results of this study were compared to a previous study by the authors that had been conducted under similar conditions with prefabricated parallel-sided posts (Para-Post) and tapered, individually cast posts. The failure rates of the two types of posts from the previous study were significantly higher (Logrank test; P<.02) than those of the carbon fiber posts.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Rehabilitation of the endodontically treated tooth: exploding the myths, defining the future.

Recent advances in the science and technology of porcelain and the biomaterials associated with adhesive dentistry, are effecting a shift towards a more conservative approach to the restoration of endodontically treated posterior teeth. These new materials and techniques enable the practitioner to approach old problems from a different perspective and thereby achieve unique and innovative solutions. The historical, often anecdotal approach to the restoration of endodontically treated teeth, is being replaced by a scientifically determined rationale that takes into account the biology and biometrics of pulpless teeth.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed1996

A study of load cycling in a NiTi shape memory alloy with pseudoelastic behaviour used in dental prosthetic fixators.

NiTi alloy used in dental prosthetic fixators shows pseudoelastic behaviour and exhibits a great potential in dental and orthopaedic applications where constant correcting loads are required. In order to use such materials in dental prosthetic fixators, where the device is cyclically deformed, it is necessary to investigate the effect of the cyclic straining upon the transformation stresses and temperatures of the material. The aim of this work is to study the load cycling of a pseudoelastic NiTi shape memory alloy to be applied in the making of dental prosthetic fixators.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1996

[An analysis of the diagnostic criteria in assessing peri-implant tissues. A critical analysis of the literature].

The long-term success rate of dental implants has been considerably increased by the osseointegration concept and in the last decades, a lot of different implant systems have been developed to replace missing natural teeth. The predictable long-term success of osseointegrated dental implants seems to result from the determination of specific problems correlated with the system itself and the identification of factors which can affect the success of therapy: these considerations lead to the conclusion that monitoring each patient is absolutely necessary. In the paper presented, the various clinical parameters habitually used in the evaluation of dental implants during the maintenance phase of therapy are reviewed. The parameters which are discussed include probing and attachment level measurement, the evaluation of inflammation indexes, mobility, suppuration, tissue temperature, radiology and microbial monitoring. Unfortunately, many clinical signs of failure appear only when an irreversible stage has been reached: for example, when mobility is detected, we know that osseointegration, defined as "a direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant" by Albrektsson and Brånemark has been lost. According to the fact that little evidence of the etiological and pathogenetic mechanisms implant failure exists, great attention should be given to the establishment of a comprehensive preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic approach to the problem.

Dental Implantation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Finite element analysis of ceramic abutment-restoration combinations for osseointegrated implants.

All-ceramic restorations can solve many esthetic problems associated with implant-supported prostheses. This study evaluated stress concentration and distribution in implant abutments under normal masticatory forces using computer simulations. Two-dimensional finite element analysis was used to study four different abutment-restoration combinations using Brånemark implants. The models considered two positions of the fastening screw, two positions of the crown margins, cemented versus screw-retained prostheses, and clinical loads of 200 N. Models having screws on top of abutments had the lowest stresses (3.1 to 4.8 MPa) and best stress distribution. Screw-retained prostheses and short crown margins increased overall stresses (9.9 to 11.4 MPa).

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanical properties of titanium connectors.

The tensile mechanical properties of welded titanium joints were studied, and intact titanium was used as controls. Welded joints were fabricated with either a stereographic laser-welding technique or a gas tungsten arc welding technique. The effect of heat treatment following a simulated porcelain application was also investigated. Heat-treated laser welds had significantly lower ultimate tensile strengths. Heat treatment had no effect on the modulus of elasticity or elongation, but generally significantly decreased the yield strength of the titanium specimens. The gas tungsten are welding specimens had significantly higher yield strengths and elastic moduli than the other two groups. The elongation of the control specimens was significantly greater than the elongation of the gas tungsten arc welding specimens, which was in turn significantly higher than that of the laser-welded specimens.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osseointegration of rough acid-etched implants: one-year follow-up of placement of 100 minimatic implants.

Between January 1992 and October 1992, 100 Minimatic screw implants made of titanium alloy with rough acid-etched surfaces were placed in 63 consecutive partially edentulous patients. At second-stage (uncovering) surgery performed after a 4- to 6-month healing period, none of the implants showed any signs of mobility, peri-implant infection, or bone loss. After an additional healing phase averaging 2 weeks, the patients were restored with fixed prostheses. Patients were reexamined every 3 months for 1 year, with all 63 patients available for evaluation during this period. Periapical radiographs were taken preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and at 6 and 12 months after implantation. There were no signs of peri-implant radiolucencies in any of the implants, and alveolar bone loss was less than 1 mm on average 1 year after implantation. Based on Plaque Index, sulcular bleeding index, pocket probing depth, attachment level, width of keratinized mucosa, and hand-tested mobility, 99 implants were considered successful and 1 (which developed peri-implant infection) was considered a failure. Study results substantiate other reports that implants with a rough surface can yield predictable good results.

Alloys↗
PubMed1994

Threaded implant design criteria.

The amount and quality of available bone dictate the size and type of root form implants to be placed by the clinician. This paper discusses the engineering mechanics of the 3.25 mm and 3.8 mm threaded implants, including the rationale of the thread design, surface area comparison, material strength, mechanical fatigue analysis, the optimum torque worench settings required for tightening the screws, and the results of threaded implant torque-out tests using a baboon model.

Dental Alloys↗