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Results for “PSEUDOMONAS INFECTIONS”

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At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Change of the erythrocyte chemokine receptor binding activity in scalded rats with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of infection on the erythrocyte chemokine receptor (ECKR) binding activity in severely scalded rats. METHODS: The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three group: sham scald group (A), burn and infection group (B) and infection group (C). The B group rats were scalded with 30% total body surface area (TBSA) of III degree, and the rats ECKR binding activity with interleukin-8 (IL-8) as ligand were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after infection. RESULTS: Compared to that in A group, ECKR binding activities declined significantly (both P<0.01) after infection in both of B and C groups, but they increased at 8 hours (P<0.01). ECKR binding activity in B group was significantly less at 2, 8 hours than that in C group after infection (both P<0.05). The declining range of ECKR binding activity was more in B group, in which the decline of ECKR binding activity appeared earlier (2 hours) than that in C (6 hours) group. CONCLUSION: The infection lead to the decline of ECKR binding activity in burned rats, and the erythrocytes might participate in the chemokine regulation and play a novel role in the infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Cystic fibrosis: choices of treatment of respiratory manifestations (except Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections)].

A knowledge of the natural history of cystic fibrosis is the basis for a treatment which, so far, has only been symptomatic. The three fundamental elements of our therapeutic possibilities are: prevention and treatment of bronchial obstruction, administration of antibiotics active against staphylococci and Haemophilus influenza (Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections will be dealt with in another article of this journal), and control of bronchial inflammatory processes. Some complications of cystic fibrosis regarded as serious are no longer beyond our resources. Many works of fundamental research are needed, concerning the local conditions that are necessary to the selective implantation and the development of Staphylococcus aureus in the lung, and the virus Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus-Pseudomonas relations. The real hope of an absolute treatment justifies the new, aggressive therapeutic approach but the precise indications of an antistaphylococcal treatment must still be evaluated carefully. Finally, the complexity of a treatment which must constantly be adjusted is one of the reasons for the existence of "specialized consultations", the organization of which is summarized.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1983

Frequent antibiotic therapy improves survival of cystic fibrosis patients with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

During the period 1971-75, 51 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients who contracted chronic P. aeruginosa infection were treated at the Danish CF centre with anti-pseudomonas chemotherapy only when their clinical condition deteriorated considerably. During the period 1976-80, 58 CF patients who contracted chronic P. aeruginosa infection were treated at the Danish CF centre with anti-pseudomonas chemotherapy on a regular basis every 3 months. Each routine 24 day-course of chemotherapy consisted of tobramycin in combination with carbenicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics with activity against P. aeruginosa. In case of allergy or resistant strains monotherapy with tobramycin was used. The 5-year survival of CF patients from the time of the onset of the chronic P. aeruginosa infection increased from 54% in the first period to 82% in the second period (p less than 0.05), and lung function (peak expiratory flow rate) also improved significantly. It is concluded that intensive "maintenance" chemotherapy against P. aeruginosa improves survival and quality of life of CF patients although permanent eradication of P. aeruginosa is not accomplished.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of ketorolac on Pseudomonas aeruginosa ocular infection in rabbits.

Corticosteroids can exacerbate bacterial ocular infections, even in the presence of antibiotics. Ketorolac tromethamine is a new non-steroidal compound being considered as an anti-inflammatory ophthalmic drug. In this study, rabbits ocularly infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa were treated topically with 0.4 percent tobramycin sulfate 4 times daily for 7 days to control infection. At the same times, either 0.5 percent ketorolac, 0.1 percent dexamethasone or vehicle was also given topically. Animals were scored for severity of both conjunctivitis (maximum severity rates score of 10) and corneal opacity (maximum of 4) using the Draize scale. Severity of the infection was determined by counting the number of punctate lesions which developed on the cornea. Nine days after treatment ended, the number of these lesions was the same for ketorolac as for the vehicle (respectively, 16.7 +/- 3 and 13.8 +/- 3, mean +/- SE, n = 24), indicating no exacerbation of the infection, whereas with dexamethasone these parameters increased (30.2 +/- 4, n = 24). During treatment, ketorolac reduced conjunctivitis (1.8 +/- 0.2, n = 120) when compared with the vehicle (2.9 +/- 0.2, n = 120), whereas dexamethasone did not (3.8 +/- 0.2, n V 120); neither ketorolac nor dexamethasone reduced corneal opacity (respectively, 2.3 +/- 0.05 and 2.6 +/- 0.1, n = 24) compared with vehicle (2.2 +/- 0.05, n = 24). After treatment, both conjunctivitis and corneal opacity became more severe only in dexamethasone treated eyes (respectively, 4.4 +/- 0.2, n = 120 and 3.0 +/- 0.02, n = 24). Thus, ketorolac appears to be an anti-inflammatory agent that does not worsen bacterial ocular infection.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

Iatrogenic urinary tract infection with Pseudomonas cepacia after transrectal ultrasound guided needle biopsy of the prostate.

In response to an unexplained development of Pseudomonas cepacia cystoprostatitis after transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy, a retrospective review of records and biopsy protocol was performed at our institution. Between June 5, 1990 and January 9, 1991 no documented infections occurred in 272 patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound and prostate biopsy. During the next 6 months, however, 9 of 110 patients (8.2%) presented again with infectious symptomatology after transrectal ultrasound guided needle biopsy of the prostate. Culture of a majority of the specimens (67%) yielded P. cepacia. Two additional asymptomatic patients became colonized with P. cepacia. Environmental investigations revealed the ultrasound transmission gel as the source of the contamination. The proposed mechanism of infection was direct prostate or bladder seeding of contaminated transmission gel used to prepare the ultrasound transducer probe. Infections developed in immunocompetent patients despite adequate antimicrobial prophylaxis most likely secondary to underlying bladder outlet obstruction and significant direct inoculum of organisms. We currently recommend use of individualized sterile packets of transmission gel in addition to appropriate antimicrobial prophylaxis and povidone-iodine cleansing enemas when performing transrectal sonographic guided biopsies of the prostate.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1992

Biological carrier improves passive protection of mice against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

In a model experiment, the use of specific hyperimmune globulins (SHG) alone failed to protect mice against infection with homologous and heterologous P. aeruginosa serotypes. However, the therapeutic potential of SHG dramatically improved after its conjugation with A1(OH)3, used as a biological carrier. The binding of SHG to this carrier proved to be the most effective and stable combination in the treatment of acute pseudomonad infections in mice.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed1980

[Histopathological observations of experimental hematogenous infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice (author's transl)].

The effect of intravenous injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice was studied in various conditions : dose of bacteria injected (2.5 X 10(6) to 4.5 X 10(7)) , moment of necropsy (one hour to 4 months after infection), number of injections (one, two and eight). Gross and microscopic examinations of tissues included kidney, lung, spleen and liver. The frequency, the type and the time of appearance of the lesions depend upon the dose of organisms, upon the individual susceptibility of the mouse and upon the number of injections. Abscesses preferentially localised in kidneys appeared in mice that received only one injection of bacteria. They were visible to the naked eye as soon as two days after inoculation with a large dose. Granulomatous inflammatory reaction was observed in the different tissues, however it was predominantly seen in the kidney and in animals that received several injections. In the liver and the spleen hyperplasia and hypertrophy of lymphoid, myeloid, megacaryocytic and mononuclear phagocytic cells were observed. This model of experimental pyelonephritis due to P. aeruginosa seems to us useful to study the factors promoting localisation and multiplication of this organism in a tissue.

Abscess↗
PubMed2001

Effects of parenterally administered ciprofloxacin in a murine model of pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection mimicking ventilator-associated pneumonia.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: We compared the bacteriological, pharmacological and histopathological effects of parenterally administered ciprofloxacin (CPFX) to those of imipenem/cilastatin (IMP/CS) and cefozopran (CZOP) in a murine model of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia mimicking ventilator-associated pneumonia. RESULTS: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CPFX, IMP and CZOP were 1.0, 1.0 and 4.0 mg/l, respectively. Treatment with CPFX resulted in a significant decrease in the number of viable bacteria [control, IMP/CS, CZOP and CPFX (mean +/- SEM): 5.02 +/- 0.20, 4.96 +/- 0.38, 5.44 +/- 0.13 and 3.27 +/- 0.02 log(10) colony-forming units lung, respectively]. Histopathological examination revealed that inflammatory changes in the CPFX-treated group were less marked than in other groups. Of the drugs analyzed, the pharmacokinetic parameters of area under the time-concentration curve (AUC)/MIC, AUC exceeding MIC and the time that lung concentrations of drug remained above the MIC were highest for CPFX. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that parenterally administered ciprofloxacin is effective in ventilator-associated P. aeruginosa pneumonia.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Genomic analysis of the liverpool epidemic strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa infecting persons with cystic fibrosis reveals likely Canadian origins.

INTRODUCTION: The Liverpool Epidemic Strain (LES) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of several known strains to be transmissible between persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) (pwCF) and the only known strain to have infected large proportions of CF populations on two continents. Despite its prevalence, efforts to understand its spread have proven elusive. METHODS: We leveraged a prospective collection of P. aeruginosa isolates from pwCF attending the Southern Alberta Adult CF clinic from 1986 to 2020 to identify all individuals with LES infection. LES isolates collected every 1-2 years from each pwCF were sequenced and compared with 171 published LES genomes by phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: Of 395 pwCF screened, ten pwCF infected with the LES were identified, from whom 46 LES isolates were sequenced. The earliest LES isolate was recovered in 1986, &#x223c;2 years earlier than the previously oldest published LES isolate recovered in the UK. Phylogenetic analysis identified a diverse set of isolates at the root of the LES phylogeny that formed four clades, one of which gave rise to a "classic LES" clade. Canadian isolates formed a paraphyletic group that included the root of this clade and out of which the UK LES clade emerged. We estimated the date of the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the UK LES clade as 1977. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides genomic evidence in support of a silent epidemic of LES infection occurring in the late 1970s among pwCF first originating in Canada and being spread to the UK, where transmission markedly accelerated.

Humans↗