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At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The influence of perennial allergic rhinitis on facial type and a pilot study of the effect of allergy management on facial growth patterns.

Perennial rhinitis with an allergic component (PRAC) in association with chronic mouthbreathing has been thought to cause skeletal open-bite facial type and narrow transverse facial dimensions. The object of this study was to supply data for this theory and to determine if allergy management would alter the course of facial growth. When a group of children, aged 5 to 10 years, with PRAC was compared with a matched control sample, a significantly larger palatomandibular angle and lower anterior facial height were found for the PRAC group. Transverse cephalometric measurements showed significantly narrower bilateral orbital breadth, bizygomatic, and binasal dimensions (narrower face) of the PRAC patients compared with the control sample. A pilot study of twelve PRAC patients who received 2 1/2 years of allergy management revealed no significant dento-facial dimensional change. This study suggests that PRAC with chronic mouthbreathing can alter the development of the midface. Whether allergy therapy can prevent or change this is as yet uncertain.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1984

[Surgical approach of a vertical problem: the long face syndrome].

After a clinical review of the "long face syndrome", authors look on surgical therapies: Mandibular osteotomies often relapse because of muscular problems; maxillary surgery is preferred, associated with genioplasties , or else, with anterior and simultaneous mandibular osteotomies. They allow to obtain the desired result. Maxillary surgery has a triple advantage: a new balance for the face the upward and forward antirotation of mandible close the Open Bite the achievement of facial esthetics (alar base width, para-nasal areas and nasolabial angle). Results are shown; they would have been impossible without occlusal, surgical and orthodontic cooperation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Ontogeny of infantile oral reflexes and emerging chewing.

The ontogeny of rooting, lip, lateral tongue, mouth opening, biting, and Babkin reflexes and emerging chewing behaviors were observed in 2 normal infants from 1 week to 35 weeks of age. These behaviors were videotaped at 9 monthly test sessions, and their movement patterns analyzed during slow-motion playback. The reflex responses were elicited in both infants through 35 weeks of age. They consisted of those characteristic movements described in the literature plus additional movements that elaborated the characteristic pattern. The complexity of the reflexes and the quality of movement changed with age. Components of chewing, which emerged sequentially from 1 week of age, were cyclical mandibular elevation and depression, lateral tongue movements, transport of the bolus from lateral to medial oral position, mandible retrusion, lateralization and protrusion movements in association with mandibular elevation and depression, increase in speed of rhythmical chewing movements to the mature speed of 1 cycle per second, and mastication. Chewing and oral reflexes contained similar movements but differed in the relative frequency of certain characteristic movements and in the stimulus response relationship.

Child Development↗
PubMed1980

Postoperative results of posterior maxillary osteotomy after long-term immobilization.

We have treated 22 patients for correction of open bite, using a one-stage posterior maxillary osteotomy, by two different techniques. Relapse was the most significant postoperative complication after this procedure. To avoid the high incidence and, particularly, the severity of this complication, we used long-term (11 to 12 weeks) maxillomandibular fixation to provide for neuromuscular adaptation to the newly derived rest position in the mandible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of oro-antral-nasal fistula after anterior maxillary osteotomy.

A case of a patient with an open bite deformity was presented that, because of improper preoperative treatment planning, resulted in an oro-antral-nasal communication. The subsequent re-evaluation of the patient and the corrective surgical procedure are discussed, with a retrospective evaluation of the total treatment sequence.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative study of the intraoral pressure variations in normal subjects and in maxillofacial dysmorphosis patients].

The Authors examined the modification during swallow of the negative pressure in various areas of the mouth in normal individuals and in cases of malocclusion and malformations. A specially modified electronic device was used, and the measurements of compared in 25 cases. Abnormalities in pressure variation were found in cases of: 1) cleft of the lip and/or of the palate; 2) class III malocclusion presenting a law posture of the tongue; 3) lateral open-bite. No relevant alteration was found in cases of class II malocclusion. It could be suggested that the negative pressure might be one component of the neuromuscular feed-back. The values obtained in this study seem to be slightly higher than those of other Authors.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Total mandibular alveolar osteotomy.

Total or posterior mandibular alveolar osteotomy was performed on 12 patients for vertical open bite (2), mandibular alveolar hypoplasia (short-face syndrome) (7), and posterior arch discrepancies (3). Follow-up periods were from nine to 48 months. Most cases showed excellent stability. Permanent damage to the inferior alveolar nerve was found in five of the 21 operated sides (25%). Damage to the tooth pulps was considerable. Two molars had to be removed and apicoectomy or endodontic treatment was carried out on ten others. Although the method is technically difficult, it can be recommended in selected cases because of its excellent stability and predictable end results.

Alveolectomy↗
PubMed1982

Vertical dentofacial changes during Herbst appliance treatment. A cephalometric investigation.

The effect of bite jumping with the Herbst appliance on the vertical dimensions of the dentofacial complex was analysed on profile roentgenograms. The material consisted of 42 Class II, Division 1 malocclusion cases with a deep anterior overbite. Twenty-two of the cases were successfully treated with the Herbst appliance for six months. The other 20 cases served as a control group. The Herbst appliance had a pronounced effect on vertical tooth position. The mandibular incisors and maxillary molars were intruded during treatment while the mandibular molars were allowed to erupt freely. As a result of the dental changes the overbite was reduced, lower facial height was increased as well as the angulation of the maxillary and mandibular occlusal planes. A small positive correlation existed between vertical bite opening at the start of treatment and the treatment changes of overbite, lower facial height and mandibular vertical tooth position. The appliance had a limited effect on vertical mandibular and maxillary jaw position, expressed by the angles ML/NSL and NL/NSL. In four patients, however, a marked posterior rotation of the entire maxillary complex was noted. The clinician should be aware of the vertical dentofacial changes occurring during Herbst appliance treatment and consider these changes when designing his treatment strategy and planning post-treatment retention.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed1980

[Tongue function in the rehabilitation of speech disorders, faulty breathing habits and deglutition disorders].

The tongue is as an organ of speech and articulation not as indispensable as the soft palate. The recovery of speech after extirpation of the tongue is usually satisfactory, and the intelligibility of patients with microglossia compares favourably with the speech of an untreated cleft palate patient. Hypernasality and nasal escape of air are typical also for the congenital short palate (in the absence of a cleft); syndromes with a congenital short palate are often misdiagnosed as suprabulbar paralysis. The function and involuntary usage of the tongue e.g. in swallowing, influence the growth and development of the surrounding bony structures and the teeth. A frontal open bite due to the tongue thrust habit is a popular example. A case if made for the notion that the mouth-breathing habit has grave consequences such as nasal obstruction, adenoids and glue ears. Mouth breathing should not be looked upon as a trivial accessory phenomenon, but as a behaviour that needs systematic reeducation treatment. Rehabilitative procedures are pointed out for patients with respiratory problems due to two-sides laryngeal nerve paralysis and patients with swallowing problems after partial extirpation of the base of the tongue.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis--experience with a case of twenty years' duration.

The clinical and radiographic findings and operative management of a patient having temporomandibular joint ankylosis for 20 years is presented. The patient had fibrous ankylosis on one side and complete bony ankylosis on the other. There was substantial growth of the mandible on the side with fibrous ankylosis, and marked growth retardation on the side with bony ankylosis. Both a preauricular and an intraoral approach were required to release structures restricting mandibular opening. Complications included temporary upper facial nerve palsy and a persistent anterior open bite requiring further treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Occlusion, Orthodontic treatment, and temporomandibular disorders: a review.

A review of the current literature regarding the interaction of morphologic and functional occlusal factors relative to TMD indicates that there is a relatively low association of occlusal factors in characterizing TMD. Skeletal anterior open bite, overjets greater than 6 to 7 mm, retruded cuspal position/intercuspal position slides greater than 4 mm, unilateral lingual crossbite, and five or more missing posterior teeth are the five occlusal features that have been associated with specific diagnostic groups of TMD conditions. The first three factors often are associated with TMJ arthropathies and may be the result of osseous or ligamentous changes within the temporomandibular articulation. With regard to the relationship of orthodontic treatment to TMD, the current literature indicates that orthodontic treatment performed during adolescence generally does not increase or decrease the odds of developing TMD later in life. There is no elevated risk of TMD associated with any particular type of orthodontic mechanics or with extraction protocols. Although a stable occlusion is a reasonable orthodontic treatment goal, not achieving a specific gnathologically ideal occlusion does not result in TMD signs and symptoms. Thus, according to the existing literature, the relationship of TMD to occlusion and orthodontic treatment is minor. Signs and symptoms of TMD occur in healthy individuals and increase with age, particularly during adolescence; thus, TM disorders that originate during various types of dental treatment may not be related to the treatment but may be a naturally occurring phenomenon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Osteo-hypertrophic angiodysplasia with oromaxillofacial localization. A report of a clinical case and a review of the literature].

The authors report a case of oro-facial port-wine stain angiomatosis with cutaneous and mucosal lesions localized in the first and the second branch surface distribution areas of the left trigeminal nerve in association with left upper lip, cheek and hemimaxillary true hypertrophy leading to a severe dento-skeletal malocclusion with open-bite and facial asymmetry. The authors through a revision of the literature locate nosologically this case among the rare congenital angiodysplastic syndromes affecting the maxillo-facial district as the Sturge-Weber and the Klippel-Trenaunay syndromes. They debate also about etiopathogenetic, clinical, differential diagnosis and therapeutic aspects concerning the management of patients affected by this kind of malformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cervicofacial lymphatic malformation: clinical course, surgical intervention, and pathogenesis of skeletal hypertrophy.

This is a retrospective review of the clinical course and long-term soft-tissue/skeletal problems in 17 patients with large cervicofacial lymphatic malformations. Morbidity included infection (71 percent), airway compromise requiring tracheostomy (65 percent), poor dental health with aggressive caries (53 percent), abnormal articulatory patterns (47 percent), and episodic bleeding (35 percent). All patients underwent soft-tissue excision (mean four procedures per patient). Damage to facial nerve (76 percent) and hypoglossal nerve (24 percent) were common postoperative sequelae. Contour resection did not alter the progression of skeletal hypertrophy. Overgrowth most commonly occurred in the mandibular body, manifesting as anterior open bite deformity and class III occlusion (65 percent). Early mandibular body ostectomy was done in four children with grotesque hypertrophy. Jaw osteotomy was required in 71 percent of the patients to improve the maxillary/mandibular relationship. Histologic examination revealed intraosseous lymphatic malformation in areas of skeletal overgrowth in two-thirds of surgical specimens. The complexity of managing cervicofacial lymphatic malformation underscores the need for an interdisciplinary program in every major referral center.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Stability following superior repositioning of the maxilla by Le Fort I osteotomy: five-year follow-up.

Changes in dental and skeletal relationships were evaluated 5 years postsurgically in 49 patients whose maxilla had been superiorly repositioned by a Le Fort I osteotomy. All of the patients had at least 2 mm of intrusion at the maxillary incisor and molar; none had a mandibular ramus osteotomy or other osteotomy except genioplasty. Only 6.5% had 2 mm or greater of net vertical change in skeletal or dental landmarks at 1 year postsurgery. From 1 to 5 years postsurgery, minimal changes in skeletal and dental landmarks occurred in the majority of the patients, but approximately 25% of the patients showed 2 mm or more of downward movement of the maxilla and/or eruption of maxillary teeth, leading to downward-backward rotation of the mandible. Only one patient had more than 1 mm of open bite on long-term follow-up. An increase in overbite, resulting from incisor eruption, was noted in 14%, and an increase in overjet occurred in 12% as the mandible rotated. It appears that modest long-term skeletal and dental changes occur in some surgically treated long-face patients. The likelihood of long-term change was not related to the age of the patient, stability during the first postsurgical year, or segmentation of the maxilla at surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The role of malocclusion and orthodontics in temporomandibular disorders.

The recent literature is reviewed to assess the role of the dental occlusion in the etiopathogenesis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and the role of orthodontic therapy in preventing and treating TMD. Little evidence was found to support occlusal factors in TMD other than lack of posterior occlusal support and anterior open bite, which may represent predisposing factors in TMD. Orthodontic therapy may not affect the risk of developing TMD and has little role in treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Cephalometrics and oral myofunctional impairment.

It is essential that the practitioner determine the factors that are etiologically operative in oral myofunctional therapy in order to establish effective methods of intervention. Of these methods, cephalometrics and facial analysis are especially valuable in revealing and differentiating open bite syndrome. They are discussed here along with procedures for their use.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1994

An orthodontic study of temporomandibular joint disorders. Part 2: Clinical research in orthodontic patients.

The purpose of this survey was to investigate the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) in orthodontic patients and to define the relationships between symptoms and malocclusion and/or orthodontic treatment. The subjects were 532 patients, 6 to 38 year old Japanese, in the orthodontic department of Tokyo Dental College Hospital. They were examined for past or recent TMJ sounds, pain in the TMJ area, and abnormal jaw movements. The prevalence of TMJ symptoms was 33.8%. Sex differences were not statistically significant. The prevalence of TMD symptoms increased with age. TMD symptoms in young orthodontic patients (6-18 years old) were more common than in untreated subjects. Posterior crossbite and open bite patients had a high prevalence of symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Periodontal complications following orthognathic surgery and genioplasty in a 19-year-old: a case report.

Bimaxillary osteotomies and a sliding genioplasty were performed to correct mandibular micrognathia and maxillary vertical hyperplasia in a 19-year-old white male with a Class II, division 1 malocclusion and anterior open bite. At a follow-up appointment with the orthodontist 4 weeks after the surgical procedure, the mandibular anterior teeth showed severe gingival recession, exposing labial root surfaces on the mandibular central incisors. Grafting procedures were able to restore labial soft tissue on the affected teeth. It is suggested that wound healing contraction of gingival tissue in the area of the incision for the genioplasty caused this complication.

Adult↗