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PubMed1994

Intra-EU migration, citizenship and political union.

"Of the 14.1 million resident aliens living in the European Union (EU), 4.9 million are nationals of EU Member States residing in other Member States.... These resident alien EU nationals present a problem for maintaining democratic inclusiveness while EU Member States undergo integration....I explore this paradox of political integration by focusing on intra-EU migration and the Maastricht Treaty's attempted solution of European citizenship."

Demography↗
PubMed1995

Germany at the crossroads: national identity and the challenges of immigration.

"In Germany the discussion [of immigration] is taking place between two extreme positions, one that denies Germany is de facto an immigration country...and one that compares Germany with traditional immigration societies like the United States, Canada, or Australia. As will be demonstrated, both arguments are too simplistic.... To illustrate the importance of migration movements for Germany's national fabric, first an overview of the history of pre- and postwar migrations and refugee movements as well as their effects on the domestic situation in Germany are presented. Next, the origins of the contradictory nature of the current asylum, citizenship and naturalization regulations and the need to redefine Germany's legal framework, immigration policy, and national identity after unification are discussed."

Demography↗
PubMed1994

Asian and Pacific migration: the Canadian experience.

"This article examines the characteristics of landed immigrants (permanent settlers) from Asia [to Canada] and explores their settlement, adaptation, and integration experience. Asian immigration has grown by leaps and bounds since the universalization of Canadian immigration policy. The skills content, capital inflow, and entrepreneurial impacts of Asian immigration have been significant. Generally speaking, Asian immigrants have adapted and integrated well. Yet access to Canadian territory as permanent residents, or access to Canadian citizenship, does not necessarily mean access to equal opportunity in the economy and society, though to a certain extent, Canada may have succeeded more than Australia."

Acculturation↗
PubMed1996

[International migration and development: the new paradigms].

"In the present context of economic crisis which prevails in most receiving countries, two paradigms dominate the approach of international migration issues: ¿control', as a means to contain them, and ¿development', as a means to suppress the need to migrate.... The author [stresses] the need for research aimed at a better understanding of why consequences of international migration and refugee movements can be positive in certain cases, and negative in others, and more generally [emphasizes] the need for research on the relationships between international migration and development." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Demography↗
PubMed1996

A continent of migration: European mass migration in the twentieth century.

"This article gives an overview of the size and geography of migration to and within Europe. Changing causes, patterns and trends of international migration, as well as key periods, are discussed. It also analyses the composition of foreign resident populations in Europe. The article covers the second half of the twentieth century. Different types of mass migration as well as links between particular sending and receiving countries are analysed. The article also looks at public opinion concerning ethnocentric attitudes and the number of foreigners in Europe. Finally, policy options are discussed."

Attitude↗
PubMed1989

An equilibrium model of gross migration.

"The paper presents and tests a new model of migration which differs significantly from the conventional disequilibrium approach. We show that variations in rates of gross migration across regions are equilibrium responses to variations in levels of amenities, governmental policies, etc. The model is tested using data on the gross migration of [U.S.] whites, 1975-80, together with amenities such as climate and with economic variables such as government services, taxes and unionization. Empirical results suggest that the equilibrium model is more consistent with actual migration patterns than is the conventional disequilibrium approach. We estimate compensating differentials and migration elasticities for these variables."

Americas↗
PubMed1987

Beijing Declaration, 25 September 1987.

This Declaration aims to do the following: "Decrease the annual population growth rate in the Asian region to 1% by the year 2000; decrease mortality rates, specifically infant mortality, throughout the region by 50% by 2000; effect a balanced distribution of population in Asian countries through policies designed to accommodate urban growth and stem rural-to-urban migration; devise mechanisms that can serve as alternatives for the extended family in providing social, economic and psychological security for Asia's aging population; improve the status of women and their health, education and employment and create public awareness and acceptance of the changing role of women in Asia and of its social, political and cultural implications; and observe an appropriate date in 1988 as the "Day of Three Billion" with a view to informing every Asian family of the necessity, urgency and significance of the population issues in the region." The Declaration also urges the governments of Asian countries to allocate an adequate share of their national resources to meet the needs of family planning and other programs that have a bearing on population.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Remittances, trade and the Philippine economy.

"The relationships between trade, remittances from overseas workers and the domestic economy are examined for their implications for labor and trade policy [in the Philippines].... The limited use of remittances for real reproductive investments at the household level is associated with length of migration, reliance on overseas workers as a source of foreign exchange, and a failure to correct the structural imbalances of the economy."

Asia↗
PubMed1985

Migration equilibrium with price rigidity: the Harris and Todaro model revisited.

The author attempts to build a general equilibrium model with migration possibilities on the lines of the Harris-Todaro model in which all the agents have explicit maximizing behavior. "Assumptions on wage-price rigidities allow consideration of various supply-demand configurations. One of the most interesting results is that policy recommendations derived from the usual Harris-Todaro model are not valid when excess supply prevails." The focus is on the situation in developing countries.

Demography↗