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At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Osteosynthesis in patients with associated cranio-cerebral trauma].

In the article are presented the results of surgical treatment of 176 patients with associated craniocerebral injury. To the primary osteosynthesis in the first post-hospital day have been subjected 75 patients and to the postponed osteosynthesis--101 patient. For osteosynthesis there have been applied the methods of stable-functional osteosynthesis by plates (57.3%), by means of the external fixation apparatus (19.8%), by rods (10.8%) and by other means. The experience of the primary osteosynthesis, including the experience of simultaneous operation on 2-3 segments with application of the atraumatic technique, indicates that the operation doesn't aggravate the severity of injury but ensures more quick rehabilitation of the patients with craniocerebral injury, guarantees the complete restoration of function during 1-2 post-operative months.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed1987

Improved external skeletal fixation for unstable fractures.

A novel external fixation device (EX-FI-RE) is described with which it is possible to manipulate fracture fragments under complete control of stability. EX-FI-RE is a unilateral, telescopic, single-frame device, consisting of two functionally separate components, the correction unit and the fixation unit. The correction unit allows reduction of angular, parallel, and longitudinal dislocations. Sustained transverse compression of an oblique fracture is a special feature. After reduction has been achieved, pin retainers and transcutaneous pins can be transferred to the fixation unit without change of position of the fracture fragments. Its mechanical behavior under load is analyzed and compared with that of a Hoffman-Vidal Adrey quadrilateral system. In axial loading, the two systems were similar within the loading range of 0-1000 N. In the anteroposterior plane, the stiffness ratio of the EX-FI-RE was significantly higher. In lateral bending and axial loading, the two systems were comparable. The turning moment required to induce a 5 degree angular deformation of the quadrilateral system was 4.8 +/- 0.6 Nm; the corresponding figure for the unilateral system was 8.8 +/- 0.4 Nm. After more than two years of clinical experience with this new device, closed atraumatic reduction, sustained transverse compression, and early weight-bearing were found to promote union. There were no pin tract infections or mechanical failures in more than 70 cases treated.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2006

Infection rate in closed fractures after internal fixations in a municipal hospital in Ghana.

This prospective study conducted in the Holy Family Municipal Hospital in Techiman, Ghana aimed to determine the incidence of wound infection following internal fixation of closed fractures in a municipal hospital in a developing country. Between May 2000 and February 2005, 194 patients were treated for closed fractures, implanting a total of 215 internal fixations. Patients were reviewed 10, 30 and 120 days after operation. In 141 (73%) patients, a follow-up of four months was achieved. Of all patients, six developed an infection, two deep and four superficial. The cumulative incidence of wound infection after internal fixation was 3.3%. This study demonstrates that the incidence of wound infection following internal fixation is comparable with hospitals in a temperate climate in industrialized countries. We therefore conclude that specific tropical risk factors play a minimal role in the development of wound infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Haemodynamic changes in the rat femur and tibia following femoral vein ligation.

Interference with venous outflow from a limb to stimulate fracture repair and bone growth has a long history, and its beneficial effects have been confirmed by many experimental and clinical studies. With the development of fracture fixation systems, the therapeutic use of circulatory intervention became redundant. Recently, a venous tourniquet effect has been cited to explain the enhancement of bone healing observed after fracture fixation with the Aircast system. As bone appears to be altered by venous stasis, it is important to characterise the vascular perturbations leading to these changes. Previous studies have often given conflicting results. This study investigated the short and long term haemodynamic effects of femoral vein ligation. Changes in blood flow rate and blood volume in the distal femur and proximal tibia of the rat were examined at 6 h and 1, 3 and 7 d following unilateral femoral vein ligation, and at 8 and 16 wk. Blood flows and volumes were generally reduced in the ligated limb 6 h after femoral vein ligation. This initial depression was followed by a relative increase (comparing the ligated limb with the contralateral unoperated bone) in blood volume during the 1st week. A significant relative reduction in epiphyseal vascular space was observed after 16 wk. A sustained reduction of arterial input to whole femora and tibiae was present in the ligated limb throughout the investigation although, for the cancellous knee joint epiphysis of the tibia, a localised relative increase in flow was apparent during the 1st week, again comparing the ligated limb with the nonligated contralateral bone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthopedic implants: a guide to radiographic analysis.

Orthopedic technology is growing at a rapid rate. New implants reflect this technology whether it pertains to fracture fixation, joint replacement, spine stabilization, or soft-tissue reconstruction. This monograph is designed to assist both the radiologist and the orthopedist in accurately assessing plain radiographs of commonly used orthopedic implants. We discuss the biologic response of the surrounding bone to these devices; herein lies the key to understanding the radiographic presentation of these devices.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of mandibular fractures by external fixation.

This series encompasses thirteen fractures of the mandible treated by external fixation. The indications were five fractures of edentulous mandible, four fractures through missile wounding, and four fractures without soft tissue lesion treated in Africa. Twelve patients were found to show good or excellent results. In our indications, this method is a successful approach to the treatment of the fractured jaw.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Pelvic fractures in children.

Although rare, pelvic fractures in children have significant morbidity and mortality. No specific guidelines have been developed for the management of these injuries. We reviewed all trauma patients of age 16 years or younger with pelvic fractures treated at our Level I trauma center over the past 12 years. Of 1008 patients with pelvic fractures, 74 were children. Early hemodynamic instability was seen in 14 per cent of cases. Blood transfusions were required in 26 per cent of cases, angiography in 3 per cent of cases, operations for associated injuries in 46 per cent of cases, operative pelvic fracture fixation in 18 per cent of cases, and intensive care unit care in 58 per cent of cases. Mortality was 5 per cent, mostly from hemorrhage and multiple complex injuries. We conclude that pelvic fractures in children are associated with a high frequency of pelvic bleeding and associated injuries that often require operative interventions and intensive care unit care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Principles of external fixation and supplementary techniques in distal radius fractures.

External fixation for fractures of the distal radius has been used for almost 80 years. The main objective is to gain reduction and maintain the reduction throughout the treatment period. Several fixator concepts are available and selection is based on the complexity of the injury to be treated as well as the surgeon's experience. Periarticular application of the fixator with immediate use of the wrist joint is recommended whenever possible. For intra-articular fractures, transarticular application is advisable. External fixtion in complex fractures has to be supplemented by bone grafting, fixation wires and stabilization of the radioulnar joint. Associated injuries in distal radius fractures need to be identified and treated. The possible complications of external fixation and the means to prevent them are discussed. External fixation of the distal radius has found its place as an established method in treating certain types of this common fracture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Prediction of fracture union after internal fixation of intracapsular femoral neck fractures.

This study was based on a series of 470 patients with an intracapsular proximal femoral fracture treated by internal fixation; the characteristics of those patients with non-union were contrasted with those of patients in which union occurred, to determine which variables would predict bony union of the fracture. Radiological factors studied included measurements of fracture displacement, anatomical site and degree of osteoporosis. Patient characteristics studied were age, sex, prefracture mobility and mental state. Patient age and pre-operative fracture displacement were found to be of the greatest value in predicting non-union.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

The treatment of displaced metaphyseal fractures with screws and wiring systems.

Within the context of modern fracture fixation, buttress plates have traditionally played an important role in stabilizing both intraarticular and extraarticular displaced metaphyseal fractures. While plating has substantially improved the assurance of union and functional recovery in these fractures, there is some interference with physiologic blood supply to the regions of the fracture and, consequently, to the biological elements of healing. This article outlines alternative methods of treatment for these fractures using screws and wiring systems with little, if any, loss of stability. Patients must be selected carefully and must have large fracture fragments and normal or near normal mineralization of their bones. When screw and wiring methods can be used, there is less tissue dissection and, consequently, less interference with the physiologic fracture healing process.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Management of distal humerus fractures with minifragment fixation.

Minifragment implants provide several advantages for the stabilization of distal humerus fractures. Compared with small fragment implants, minifragment implants may provide enhanced fracture fixation because a greater number of screws can be placed into the distal fragments. In addition, minifragment plates are easier to contour and less prominent. We describe the surgical technique of minifragment fixation.

Adult↗