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Results for “Data Storage And Retrieval”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Polarization holographic high-density optical data storage in bacteriorhodopsin film.

Optical films containing the genetic variant bacteriorhodopsin BR-D96N were experimentally studied in view of their properties as media for holographic storage. Different polarization recording schemes were tested and compared. The influence of the polarization states of the recording and readout waves on the retrieved diffractive image's intensity and its signal-to-noise ratio were analyzed. The experimental results showed that, compared with the other tested polarization relations during holographic recording, the discrimination between the polarization states of diffracted and scattered light is optimized with orthogonal circular polarization of the recording beams, and thus a high signal-to-noise ratio and a high diffraction efficiency are obtained. Using a He-Ne laser (633 nm, 3 mW) for recording and readout, a spatial light modulator as a data input element, and a 2D-CCD sensor for data capture in a Fourier transform holographic setup, a storage density of 2 x 10(8) bits/cm2 was obtained on a 60 x 42 microm2 area in the BR-D96N film. The readout of encoded binary data was possible with a zero-error rate at the tested storage density.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Nursing documentation in the computer-based patient record.

This paper describes the INFORMM NIS (Information Network for On-line Retrieval & Medical Management Nursing Information System) charting system developed by the Departments of Nursing and Information Systems at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (UIHC). The documentation system features automated work lists, defaulted charting responses, decision support, automatic computations, chart forms and reports, and graphical displays of clinical data. The impact of the on-line charting system has been demonstrated by content standardization with Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), improved standards compliance, increased efficiency, enhanced timeliness, expanded accessibility, and an augmented data archive.

Forms and Records Control↗
PubMed1976

A computerized system for storage and statistical analysis of clinical amino acid data.

We have developed a system of computer programs to expedite analyses of amino acid data obtained in a clinical environment. The system contains a program for building and maintaining libraries of chromatogram data, and a program for retrieval of data on the basis of any of its associated biographical characteristics. Several programs have been written that work with data drawn from the libraries. They provide for easy presentation, manipulation, or statistical analysis of the data. Included are comparison of population means and variances and intra-population correlation analyses. A minicomputer that has 12K of core storage is adequate for use with the system.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed2006

Identifying systematic reviews of the adverse effects of health care interventions.

BACKGROUND: In order to carry out a methodological research survey of systematic reviews of adverse effects we needed to retrieve a sample of systematic reviews in which the primary outcome is an adverse effect or effects. METHODS: We carried out searches of the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) for systematic reviews of adverse effects published between 1994 to 2005. The search strategies used a combination of text words in the title and abstract, Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and subheadings/qualifiers. In addition, DARE records in progress were hand searched. No language restrictions were placed on any of the searches. The performance, in terms of sensitivity and precision, of the search strategies and their combinations were tested in DARE and CDSR. RESULTS: In total 3635 records were screened of which 257 met our inclusion criteria. The precision of the searches in CDSR was low (0% to 3%), and no one search strategy could retrieve all the relevant records in either DARE or CDSR. Hand searching the records from DARE and CDSR not retrieved by our searches indicated that we had missed relevant systematic reviews in both DARE and CDSR. The sensitivities of many of the search combinations were comparable to those found when searching for primary studies in which adverse effects are secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION: Searching major databases of systematic reviews, for systematic reviews of adverse effects, proved more difficult than anticipated due to a lack of standard terminology used by the authors, inadequate indexing and the variations in the search interfaces of the databases. At present hand searching all records in DARE and CDSR seems to be the only way to ensure retrieval of all systematic reviews of adverse effects in these databases.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2005

PrimeAnswers: A practical interface for answering primary care questions.

This paper describes an institutional approach taken to build a primary care reference portal. The objective for the site is to make access to and use of clinical reference faster and easier and to facilitate the use of evidence-based answers in daily practice. Reference objects were selected and metadata applied to a core set of sources. Metadata were used to search, sort, and filter results and to define deep-linked queries and structure the interface. User feedback resulted in an expansion in the scope of reference objects to meet the broad spectrum of information needs, including patient handouts and interactive risk management tools. RESULTS of a user satisfaction survey suggest that a simple interface to customized content makes it faster and easier for primary care clinicians to find information during the clinic day and to improve care to their patients. The PrimeAnswers portal is a first step in creating a fast search of a customized set of reference objects to match a clinician's patient care questions in the clinic. The next step is developing methods to solve the problem of matching a clinician's question to a specific answer through precise retrieval from reference sources; however, lack of internal structure and Web service standards in most clinical reference sources is an unresolved problem.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1986

Computer monitoring, capture and analysis of gas/liquid chromatograph traces.

The work described here is effectively the computerization of a gas/liquid chromatograph of the pen recorder type using a BBC microcomputer. The output from the g.l.c. can be captured by the computer in accordance with a series of parameters. The sampling rate can be altered, as can an averaging facility to reduce noise, and a threshold level to eliminate the storage of irrelevant and space-consuming data. The unprocessed readings are initially stored on the computer's floppy disk, then later retrieved and cut into smaller sections to allow maximum resolution for on-screen analysis. In the main analysis stage of the system all processing is shown graphically on the computer monitor at all stages. The principal steps in analysis involve the mathematical modelling and elimination of the solvent peak, the fixing of the retention time for each subsequent peak and its disentangling from any following peaks, and finally the calculation of the area under each individual peak. Several alternative methods are made available for disentangling peaks, which can be tried successively on a single peak then each printed out with comments for comparison later. All readings and results in table form and screen dumps of all trace images are available via a dot matrix printer.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A microcomputer system for the identification of drug interactions.

The condition of critically ill patients may change rapidly. The consequent alterations in drug therapy may result from the advice of a number of specialists, some of whom may not be skilled in the problems of adverse drug interactions. As a result, screening for drug contra-indications by someone with the necessary experience often occurs after the patient has already received the drug. By providing information on drug interactions on an inexpensive microcomputer, the necessary screening for adverse interactions can take place before the administration of the drug. A software package, written in FORTRAN, which can handle the storage and retrieval of this type of information, is described. The system can assess up to 18 drugs simultaneously, from a data-base comprising the 102 stock drugs held by the Intensive Therapy Unit at Rotherham District General Hospital, together with 25 other drugs, which could interact with the stock drugs to produce serious or possibly fatal consequences. It also differentiates between therapeutic interactions and chemical or physical incompatibilities.

Computers↗
PubMed2000

CardioOp: an integrated approach to teleteaching in cardiac surgery.

INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: The complexity of cardiac surgery requires continuous training, education and information addressing different individuals: physicians (cardiac surgeons, residents, anaesthesiologists, cardiologists), medical students, perfusionists and patients. Efficacy and efficiency of education and training will likely be improved by the use of multimedia information systems. Nevertheless, computer-based education is facing some serious disadvantages: 1) multimedia productions require tremendous financial and time resources; 2) the obtained multimedia data are only usable for one specific target user group in one specific instructional context; 3) computer based learning programs often show deficiencies in the support of individual learning styles and in providing individual information adjusted to the learner's individual needs. In this paper we describe a computer-system, providing multiple re-use of multimedia-data in different instructional sceneries and providing flexible composition of content to different target user groups. TOOLS AND METHODS: The ZYX document model has been developed, allowing the modelling and flexible on-the-fly composition of multimedia fragments. It has been implemented as a DataBlade module into the object-relational database system Informix Dynamic Server and allows for presentation-neutral storage of multimedia content from the application domain, delivery and presentation of multimedia material, content based retrieval, re-use and composition of multimedia material for different instructional settings. Multimedia data stored in the repository, that can be processed and authored in terms of our identified needs is created by using a next generation authoring environment called CardioOP-Wizard. High-quality intra-operative video is recorded using a video-robot. Difficult surgical procedures are visualized with generic and CT-based 3D-animations. RESULTS: An on-line architecture for multiple re-use and flexible composition of media data has been established. The system contains the following instructional applications (prototypically implemented): a multimedia textbook on operative techniques, an interactive module for problem based-training, a module for creation and presentation of lectures and a module for patient information. Principles of cognitive psychology and knowledge management have been employed in the program. These instructional applications provide information ranging from basic knowledge at the beginner's level, procedural knowledge for the advanced level to implicit knowledge for the professional level. For media-annotation with meta-data a metainformation system, the CardioOP-Clas has been developed. The prototype focuses on aortocoronary bypass grafting and heart transplantation. CONCLUSION: The demonstrated system reflects an integrated approach in terms of information technology and teaching by means of multiple re-use and composition of stored media-items to the individual user and the chosen educational setting on different instructional levels.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed2004

Online handwritten script recognition.

Automatic identification of handwritten script facilitates many important applications such as automatic transcription of multilingual documents and search for documents on the Web containing a particular script. The increase in usage of handheld devices which accept handwritten input has created a growing demand for algorithms that can efficiently analyze and retrieve handwritten data. This paper proposes a method to classify words and lines in an online handwritten document into one of the six major scripts: Arabic, Cyrillic, Devnagari, Han, Hebrew, or Roman. The classification is based on 11 different spatial and temporal features extracted from the strokes of the words. The proposed system attains an overall classification accuracy of 87.1 percent at the word level with 5-fold cross validation on a data set containing 13,379 words. The classification accuracy improves to 95 percent as the number of words in the test sample is increased to five, and to 95.5 percent for complete text lines consisting of an average of seven words.

Algorithms↗