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Incidence in Tanzania of CF antibody to Coxiella burneti in sera from man, cattle, sheep, goats and game.

A total of 3735 sera were examined for the presence of CF antibody to Coxiella burneti. Of the samples tested 724 sera were from humans, 1507 from cattle, 525 from sheep, 575 from goats and 404 from game collected in the Serengeti National Park or Selous Game Reserve. It has been demonstrated that Q fever is well established in the above mentioned species in Tanzania (humans 3-9 per cent, cattle 13-3 per cent, sheep 17-1 per cent, goats 13-6 per cent and in game mainly in ruminants). Possible transmission links in the maintenance cycle of the disease are discussed.

Animals↗

Levels of conservation and variation of heterochromatin and nucleolus organizers in the Bovidae.

Chromomycin A3 banding of the mitotic sets of 10 species of Bovidae (cattle, wisent, yak, banteng, gaur, red buffalo, swamp buffalo, sheep, mufflon, and goat) serves to demarcate both centromeric constitutive heterochromatin and R-banding patterns capable of identifying all the chromosomes within a given complement. In all species significant amounts of chromomycin-bright heterochromatin are present at the centromeres of all autosomes, though there was a high degree of intra- and inter-individual variation in the size of the heterochromatic blocks. Marked interspecies differences in the centromeric patterns were evident. The X chromosomes contained appreciable amounts of centromeric heterochromatin only in the two buffaloes. All the animals studied lacked distamycin A - diamidinophenylindole type heterochromatin. AgNO3 staining was applied sequentially to detect the location of active nucleolus organizer regions (NORs). The distribution of NORs was reasonably conservative in most of the species. An exceptional situation was found in the two buffaloes, where only one NOR pair matched with the standard karyotype of the Bovidae.

Animals↗

DNA sequences of RAPD fragments in artiodactyls.

A bovine RAPD profile, generated by a 10-mer primer, was analysed by sequencing the major fragments. Three of four different fragments showed homologies to previously characterized mammalian sequences. One was 61-66% identical to LINE sequences and another was 78.5% identical to a human chromosome 2 sequence tagged site. The third fragment was 93.1% identical to the human type 2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor gene. This fragment had counterparts in white-tailed deer and reindeer; fragments of slightly different size in these species showed high sequence similarity and the size differences were due to varying numbers of dinucleotide microsatellite repeats inside the fragment.

Animals↗