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At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Two women with a chronic process in the lower abdomen].

Two women, aged 50 and 45 years, had a chronic process in the lower abdomen. The first presented with cough and progressive dyspnoea, and her chest X-ray raised the suspicion of a metastasis of a malignancy. The second patient had abdominal pain, frequent urination and irregular vaginal bleeding. She was initially treated for a urinary-tract infection. Diagnostic investigations showed pelvic actinomycosis in both patients. Both had used an intrauterine device (IUD). In the first patient a pelvic abscess was drained. Antimicrobial treatment consisted of penicillin i.v. for several weeks and orally for 6 months. Actinomycosis is a slowly progressive bacterial infection that characteristically expands through anatomic structures and can lead to fistulae and abscesses. The disease is caused by Actinomyces species. Diagnosis is often delayed because other diseases (e.g. malignancy) are considered more probable. Actinomycosis is associated with prolonged use of an IUD, but it is rare and removal of the IUD is not indicated unless symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease are present. The mainstay of actinomycosis therapy is administration of an effective antibiotic (e.g. penicillin). Except for drainage of abscesses, surgical intervention is rarely necessary. When antimicrobial therapy is continued for 6-9 months, prognosis is favourable, as was the case in both patients.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1992

[Pedicle torsion of the accessory spleen within the scope of the "polysplenia-asplenia complex" as a rare differential diagnosis of acute abdomen].

A 25 year old female patient with a painful palpable tumour in the right flank was admitted to our hospital presenting signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen. During explorative laparotomy unexpected haemorrhagic infarction of a splenula caused by a volvulus of the vascular pedicle was found. In spite of the documentation of multiple positional abnormalities of visceral organs preoperative diagnostic imaging techniques were unable to point to the diagnosis because of an uncommon rightsideness of the polysplenism. In the case of an indefinite rightsided abdominal mass defects of embryonic morphogenesis should be always taken into consideration.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

The selective conservative management of gunshot injury to the abdomen.

Traditionally, mandatory exploration was the rule for managing penetrating abdominal trauma, but this has begun to change in the recent era. The change first affected stab injuries, in which the conservative approach in appropriate cases has gained wide spread acceptance. Relatively recently, the management of gunshot injuries to the abdomen has been similarly affected, and several reports appeared describing the success of such treatment in selected cases.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1992

[Relaparotomy in penetrating gunshot wounds of the abdomen].

The article studies the results of treatment of patients with abdominal wounds inflicted by modern small arms, who had laparotomy performed. Because of various postoperative complications these patients have undergone a relaparotomy. The most frequent complications were: peritonitis and acute occlusive ileus. Indications for relaparotomy at an early stage of diagnosis were the following: symptoms of intoxication, Blumberg's symptom, muscle tension in the front side of the abdomen. The article makes an analysis of medical errors that led to relaparotomy.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2004

[Military conflicts and firearms injuries of the abdomen (literature review)].

The authors review in historical order the military conflicts from XIV century until our days. The diagnostic and surgical tactics of the firearm injuries of the abdomen are revealed. The results are presented and conclusions are made about organization of medical care, diagnostics procedures and treatment of this major military pathology.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2002

[Penetrating wounds of the abdomen. Evaluation of conservative treatment in 40 cases].

Stabbed penetrating abdominal wounds are becoming more and more frequent in our emergency surgical unit due to increase of aggressions. The goal of our study is to evaluate the conservative treatment of these wounds. This concerns a study carried out between January 1997 and October 1998. Exploratory laparotomy was proposed at each time when one or more of the following criteria was noticed: choc, evisceration of intestines, digestive hemorrhagy or hematuria, outlet of digestive fluids, sign of peritoneal irritation, wounds by gunshots or wounds at the frontal regions. In the other cases, the conservative treatment with wound dressing following an antibiotic and serovaccination therapy of tetanus was the therapeutic option. Our study was carried out on 40 patients of whom were 37 males and 3 females of average age 24.9 years with extremities of 7 to 52 years. It arrived to the following results: 32 of the patients (80%) were victim of aggression and 29 cases were stabbed wounds. The wounds were in the central region (umbilicus 29.5%) and superior to the abdomen and were associated with outlet of the omentum (50%) outlet of the intestines (12.5%), peritoneal irritation (27.5%), digestive hemorrhagy (10%), hematuria (2.5%) outlet of faeces (2.5%). 17 patients (42.5%) underwent exploratory laparotomy on the basis of criteria afor mentioned and the 23 others (57.5%) underwent medical surveillance and 3 of them developed peritonitis and underwent surgery. The rate of negative laparotomy was 5% and retarded interventions was 13%. The morbidity was also 13% and mortality 2.5%. The average period of internship in hospital was 11,4 days with extremities of 1 to 101 days. The conservative treatment of penetrating stabbed abdominal wounds out of the criteria mentioned were quite satisfactory.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Establishment of a new cell line, VA-N-BR, from a primitive neuroblastoma tumor of the abdomen.

An established cell line was derived from a neuroblastoma originating in the abdomen of a six year old male. This patient had increased urinary homovanillic acid on two occasions, and the tumor had a unique pattern of local peritoneal and hepatic dissemination but not distant spread. The cells were initially highly refractile round cells forming firmly adherent cell clumps which later formed irregularly shaped bodies with mono- or bipolar short processes attached to the plastic surface of the culture flask. Chromosomal tetraploidy and marker chromosomes distinguished these cells from Ewings sarcoma, neuroepithelioma and the common disseminating neuroblastoma. Immunohistochemical staining positive for neurofilament, chromogranin, desmin and vimentin suggested it to be relatively undifferentiated. When heterotransplanted to nude mice, these cells expressed only desmin and vimentin reactivity. This neuroblastoma cell line was established and designated as VA-N-BR. It appears to be different from the more common partially differentiated neuroblastoma of childhood.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Pyloric exclusion for disinsertion of the papilla following closed trauma of the abdomen. Apropos of 2 cases].

Two cases of disinsertion of the papilla following closed trauma to the abdomen were treated by suction of the papilla by a Y loop associated with temporary pyloric exclusion, gastroenterostomy and a feeding jejunostomy. The postoperative course was uneventful in the two patients. This technique is therefore indicated for associated pancreatic lesions which do not require cephalic duodenopancreatectomy.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Injuries to the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the chest wall and abdomen resulting from seat belt trauma in road accident victims].

A modification of the autopsy has been discussed. The modification concerns the dissection of the chest and abdomen integuments prior to opening the peritoneal cavity. This makes it easier to determine where and how the injuries to subcutaneous tissues and muscles resulting from the action of seat belts occurring in road accident victims are located. The mechanism whereby the injuries occur, factors which affect their extensiveness and location (what happened during an accident, the type of seat belts, victim's clothing, thickness of subcutaneous tissue) has been presented. Based on three-year experience the advantages and limitations of the suggested dissection as well as its usefulness in the practice of determining: if an accident victim was buckled up when the accident occurred and which car seat he/she occupied, have been discussed. In a case presented, thanks to the use of the proposed modification, the data obtained from an inquiry held by the Public Prosecutor's Office were quickly verified, as well as further examinations to explain the accident circumstances provoked and a person who was actually driving a car when the accident happened established.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1979

[Enzymatic study of muscle fibers of the antero-lateral wall of the abdomen in man: functional interpretation].

After a recall of muscular histo-enzymology, the authors expose the results of an analysis of the antero-lateral muscles of the abdomen. They establish a predominance of the muscular fibers, type I, that are tonic as compared with the muscular fibers, type II, that are phasic. Thus the role of support and of maintenance of the intra-peritoneal pressure by these muscles is confirmed. The tonic characteristic is also important for the functional reeducation and the electrotherapy of the abdominal wall.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed2006

Emergency helical CT scan in acute abdomen: a case of intestinal intussusception.

Surgeons are familiar to the nosological entity "partial intestinal obstruction". Intussusception constitutes a rare etiologic factor for this entity but usually remains undiagnosed preoperatively. Several imaging techniques have been proposed as useful in the diagnosis of intussusception but none of these has a remarkable sensitivity and specificity. In the following case of partial intestinal obstruction, we performed an helical CT scan of the abdomen. The method revealed with an excellent accuracy the nature (intussusception) and the location (ascending colon) of the partial intestinal obstruction. Having the extra advantage of the shorter examination time than the classical CT scan, we propose the helical CT as an alternative diagnostic modality for preoperative evaluation of patients with partial intestinal obstruction.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Premature detachment of the placenta due to kicks to the lower abdomen].

An 18-year-old woman in an advanced stage of pregnancy was admitted to hospital for gynaecological emergency treatment with pain after kicks to the lower abdomen. Premature detachment of the placenta was diagnosed and an immediate Caesarian section was performed. Although the newborn was resuscitated at once by the medical team, it died two days later in the paediatric hospital from multiorgan failure. The autopsy results together with the pathological findings of the palcenta proved the causal context between the kicks, the premature detachment of the placenta and the hypoxia requiring postnatal resuscitation, so that the perpetrator was found guilty.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2007

Can PET/CT replace separate diagnostic CT for cancer imaging? Optimizing CT protocols for imaging cancers of the chest and abdomen.

Stage-adapted treatment in oncology relies on correct tumor staging for patients with malignant diseases. To ensure accurate assessment of the tumor stage in thoracic and abdominal diseases by PET/CT, both CT and PET need to be optimized. In this setting, different malignant diseases require customized imaging protocols. Although in the clinical setting of therapy assessment, PET/CT with integration of low-dose, nonenhanced CT may be sufficient, tumor staging may require a more sophisticated CT protocol. This review focuses on potential CT protocols for imaging cancers of the chest and abdomen. Examples of CT protocols are presented and discussed for non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and interventional liver therapy.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗