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PubMed2006

Sliding window adaptive histogram equalization of intraoral radiographs: effect on image quality.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether contrast enhancement by non-interactive, sliding window adaptive histogram equalization (SWAHE) can enhance the image quality of intraoral radiographs in the dental clinic. METHODS: Three dentists read 22 periapical and 12 bitewing storage phosphor (SP) radiographs. For the periapical readings they graded the quality of the examination with regard to visually locating the root apex. For the bitewing readings they registered all occurrences of approximal caries on a confidence scale. Each reading was first done on an unprocessed radiograph ("single-view"), and then re-done with the image processed with SWAHE displayed beside the unprocessed version ("twin-view"). The processing parameters for SWAHE were the same for all the images. RESULTS: For the periapical examinations, twin-view was judged to raise the image quality for 52% of those cases where the single-view quality was below the maximum. For the bitewing radiographs, there was a change of caries classification (both positive and negative) with twin-view in 19% of the cases, but with only a 3% net increase in the total number of caries registrations. For both examinations interobserver variance was unaffected. CONCLUSIONS: Non-interactive SWAHE applied to dental SP radiographs produces a supplemental contrast enhanced image which in twin-view reading improves the image quality of periapical examinations. SWAHE also affects caries diagnosis of bitewing images, and further study using a gold standard is warranted.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1975

[Comparative radiological studies on the incidence of primary caries in treated vital and devitalized teeth].

The non-filled proximal areas of 709 vital and devital teeth with metal fillings were examined radiologically for primary caries. The findings were almost identical (Table 2). The somewhat higher prevalence of primary caries in vital teeth (Table 1) may be explained by the more drastic removal of predilection sites in devital teeth, which is due to the necessarily more extended cavity preparation.

Dental Caries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alopecia areata of dental origin.

The association of alopecia areata and infectious foci of dental origin is relatively common, and may be explained by the autoimmune nature of the disorder. We describe a case of alopecia areata with no apparent cause and that was effectively resolved by eliminating a focalized dental infection via endodontic treatment. The presence of common immune mediators in the pathogenesis of both alopecia areata and dental infection could account for the dental origin of the hair loss. In this sense, patients with localized alopecia should be subjected to careful exploration of the oral cavity in search of possible dental infections.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Radiographic assessment of post-retained crowns in an adult Jordanian population.

AIM: The objective of this study was to radiographically assess and compare the quality of post-retained crowns fabricated at the Dental Health Centre of the Jordan University of Science & Technology (JUST). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Study data were collected in 2002 from existing dental records for all patients receiving treatment with post-retained crowns between October, 1997 and June, 1999. The posts were assessed radiographically to evaluate various aspects of the quality of post-retained crowns. All 129 posts were fabricated in the dental school. RESULTS: The most-frequently restored teeth were the maxillary incisors (38.8%). Sixty-two percent of the posts were tapered, while 38% were parallel-sided. The mean length of the posts was 0.95 mm (SD 0.41) with a range between 0.22-2.85 mm. Caries was diagnosed radiographically in 10.8% of cases with lesions located on root surfaces in 64.3% of them, while 35.7% of lesions were within the root canal. Three posts (2.3%) were deviated from the line of the root canal in the mesio-distal plane. No evidence of root filling was found in 2.3% of the cases. In the remainder of teeth 15.5% had gutta percha extended to the radiographic apex of the tooth, while 59.7% fell 0.5-1 mm short of the radiographic apex. Gutta-percha was extruded beyond the apex in 22.5% of the teeth. Space between the end of the post and the root filling was found in 22.2%. The percentage of canals with apparently completely healthy periapical tissue was 51.2%. In the rest of the cases 34.8% had areas of radiolucency at or near the root apices and 14% demonstrated widening of the periodontal space around the root apex. Root resection had been completed in 2.3% cases. Signs of external resorption were apparent in one case (0.78%). CONCLUSION: The standards of the treatment of the endodontically treated teeth made at the dental hospital were satisfactory but could be improved by a controlled academic supervisory environment and a strict scientific approach to fixed prosthodontics within the dental school.

Adult↗