Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Psychosexual Development”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,297 records · Page 72Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Treatment of homophobia in a gay male adolescent.

Gay teenagers experience normal adolescent developmental processes, but need assistance negotiating the effect of homophobia on their development. Homophobia in the early phase may increase reliance upon the family. This can make it difficult to extricate oneself from family sufficiently to develop peer relationships. Supportive individual and interpretative family work can help modify these problems. Problems in the middle phase are associated with societal homophobia in the institutions where adolescents develop. High school social dynamics support homophobia and make opportunities to develop a peer network difficult. Therapeutic interventions that support a gay teen's efforts through fantasy and symbolic action are key to success in to this period. Referral to gay teen support groups are more likely to be successful during this phase. During the late phase of adolescence, homophobia complicates the quest for an acceptable social role and the need for more intimate relationships as plans for work and pairing become the focus. The therapist helps the gay teen overcome stereotypes and see themselves as individuals and as a members of a group called "gay." This makes it possible to integrate personal aspects of the self with gay-group identity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

The overstimulation of everyday life: I. New aspects of male homosexuality.

Western heterosexual culture surrounds the homosexually inclined boy in a climate of erotic overstimulation that powerfully affects his development and adult sexual adaptation. This assertion is illustrated through a case presentation of a homosexual man who shared a bed with his brother from childhood into adolescence. Analysis of the patient's transference enactment--repeatedly falling asleep on the couch--gradually revealed the psychic impact of this everyday overstimulation: the creation of a tantalized inner world of longing. The regular occurrence and developmental understanding of adolescent homosexual boys' unrequited love affairs with adolescent heterosexual boys are described and explored. Finally, the overstimulation of everyday life is proposed as a new model for understanding certain behavioral aspects of male homosexuality, such as the avoidance of rough-and-tumble play in childhood and homosexual cruising.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

The development of sexual risk taking in adolescence.

This chapter reviews literature from 1985 to the present that is focused on the development of sexual behaviors in adolescents, decision making about sexual behavior, and sexual risk-taking behaviors. Results show that sexual behavior is part of most people's lives from childhood through adulthood, and that the majority of adolescents begin to engage in sexual behaviors in their teenage years. Synthesis of this large body of research reveals a lack of theoretical frameworks to guide research in sexual risk taking, resulting in an incomplete understanding of the predictors of sexual risk-taking behavior in adolescents. New and broader approaches in the study of sexual risk taking are needed that include consideration of the social and developmental context from which adolescents make decisions about sexual behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Pubertal neuromaturation, stress sensitivity, and psychopathology.

Normal adolescent development is often accompanied by transient emotional and behavioral problems. For most individuals with postpubertal-onset adjustment problems, there is a resolution by early adulthood and relative stability through the adult life span. But for a minority, adjustment problems escalate during adolescence and portend the development of serious mental illness in adulthood. In this article, we explore adolescent behavioral changes and neurodevelopmental processes that might contribute to stress sensitivity and vulnerability for the emergence of the mental disorders. Of particular interest is the role that hormonal changes might play in the expression of genetic vulnerabilities for psychopathology. Drawing on recent findings from clinical research and behavioral neuroscience, we describe the ways in which postpubertal hormones might alter brain function and, thereby, behavior. It is concluded that there are both activational and organization effects of hormones on the adolescent brain, and these contribute to developmental discontinuities in behavioral adjustment. Implications for adult psychopathology and preventive intervention are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Childhood sexual abuse: sources of trauma.

Many American women who were sexually abused as children seek mental health services to help them heal from their abuse. An appreciation of the varied sources of trauma that may stem from a sexual abuse experience may guide clinicians in facilitating a meaningful discussion with survivors of the ways in which their childhood development and their current lives have been influenced by their sexual abuse. Therefore, the goal of this study was to provide a beginning delineation of possible sources of trauma in the abuse situation, based on the retrospective reflections of women who have survived abuse. One hundred and eighty-six survivors were asked to identify the most traumatic aspects of their abuse experience. A content analysis was performed on their written responses, and the following eight categories, reflecting different sources of trauma, were identified: abandonment, powerlessness, violence, betrayal, guilt and shame, loss of self, loss of childhood, and impact on sexual adjustment. Possible treatment implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Boys' envy of mother and the consequences of this narcissistic mortification.

From the many threads that form the matrix of male psycho-sexual development, this paper considers and examines only the narcissistic injury caused by the boy's realization that he will never attain mother's femaleness and procreative capacity. Although both boys and girls envy and covet mother's powerful bounty, there is a fundamental experiential difference between the sexes in that the girl can take comfort in her knowledge that, being like mother, she will mature to attain mother's female attributes. The boy, however, when he learns and acknowledges that he is different from mother, must recognize that his wish to attain mother's procreativity is doomed to fail. This fact evokes in him a painful narcissistic mortification that, usually inadequately repressed, may have lifelong consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Adolescent sexuality: elements and genesis.

To address the topic of adolescent sexuality and the elements that go into its genesis and evolution, it is necessary to determine when human sexuality, as a body system functioning independently from the human reproductive system, begins to function. In the case of the male, this has been shown by ultrasound technology to be at approximately 17 weeks of gestation, and subsequent developmental stages in both sexes are based on the three primary areas in human development: body, mind, sexuality. Positive aspects of sexual socialization are shown to depend on attitudes of parents, of society, of health and caring professionals, and of the child itself, to whom it is as important a part of its being as are body and mind. Significant research carried out in different parts of the world on childhood sexuality is cited and discussed with its possible long-term meanings, effects, and possible prevention of the current apparent increase in childhood sexual molestation. The need for a massive paradigm shift on the parts of professionals, parents, and society in viewing, nurturing, and protecting the sexuality of infancy and early childhood is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Biology and the oedipus complex.

Recent observations in the behavioral and neurosciences have raised questions about the ubiquity of the oedipus complex as well as about its significance for psychological development. The authors argue that the construct Freud called the oedipus complex in males is best examined in its component parts. One component--the incestuous wish--does not occur in all individuals. Another component--the boy's urge to engage competitively with other male figures, including the father--does appear to be biologically based in testosterone's effect on the brain and to be manifested in childhood rough and tumble play behavior. It is proposed that reexamination of the oedipus complex in light of recent findings about the brain and behavior is indicated and that play, in particular, can usefully be considered as a separate developmental line.

Aggression↗
PubMed1984

Son and father.

I have traced in my deliberations the mutual influence of drive and ego development throughout the male child's dyadic and triadic father relatedness as it proceeds within a changing soma and social surround during the first two decades of life. I have made the effort to conceptualize the normal developmental progression in male personality formation with explicit reference to the fate of the boy's dyadic father relationship as well as his negative Oedipus complex in general. These considerations, restricted as they are in scope and gender, assign to the dyadic father complex a nuclear role in neurosogenesis as well as recognize in it an etiological factor in relation to specific forms of psychopathology throughout the male life cycle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Sex-typed responses in the Rorschach protocols of children with gender identity disorder.

A coding system was developed to measure sex-typed responses in the Rorschach protocols of children with gender identity disorder (n = 79). Their responses were compared to that of sibling (n = 25), psychiatric (n = 26), and normal (n = 28) controls. Results show that children with gender identity disorder gave significantly more cross-sex responses than same-sex responses, whereas the psychiatric and normal controls gave significantly more same-sex responses than cross-sex responses. The siblings did not differ in the number of same-sex and cross-sex responses. Results are discussed with regard to various assessment issues in the study of children with gender identity disorder.

Child↗
PubMed2006

[Treatment of depression: what do women need?].

OBJECTIVES: To answer the question of adequate treatment of depression in women from a scientific point of view, it is necessary to investigate the aetiology of depressive disorders as they relate to bio-genetic, mental and social factors. METHODS: For a comprehensive understanding of depressive disorders in women three factors are analysed: (1) the severity of a depression, (2) the phenomenological description, and (3) the factors of the development of depression in the female life cycle. RESULTS: Different treatment strategies for women can be developed on the basis of these phenomenological and psychodynamic considerations. A case study of a female patient suffering from depressive adjustment disorder who had a background history of sexual reproductive problems is presented to demonstrate characteristic factors in women which may serve as indicators for psychoanalytic focal psychotherapy. DISCUSSION: In our opinion, psychoanalytic theory in its complexity, working with unconscious phantasies, fears concerning body integrity and relationships to others, is the most appropriate method to determine specific factors behind the pathogenesis and the persistence of depressive disorders in women.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1988

Adolescent sex-role orientation and ego identity.

This study investigated the relationship between sex-role development and ego development in a sample of 9th-12th grade Anglo-American and Mexican-American students attending high school in a southwestern state. All students were administered: (a) the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (Grotevant and Adams, 1984) as a measure of ego development (i.e., diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and identity achievement), and (b) the Personal Attributes Questionnaire Short Form (Spence, Helmreich and Stapp, 1975) as a measure of masculinity and femininity. Results indicated no ethnic differences in the relationship between ego identity and masculinity/femininity. Adolescents who were identity achieved on ideological identity formation had significantly higher levels of masculinity than did moratorium, foreclosed, and diffused individuals. For interpersonal identity, identity achieved adolescents had higher levels of both masculinity and femininity than did individuals who were foreclosed, diffused, or in moratorium. Discussion centered on these results in light of the additional finding that there was little shared variance (eta2) between masculinity, femininity and ego identity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Performance and attitudes of occupational therapists regarding sexual habilitation of pediatric patients.

A survey of 70 registered occupational therapists was conducted to determine the therapists' performance of tasks related to the sexual development of disabled children and the therapists' attitudes toward sexual habilitation issues. The questionnaire used in the survey was developed after a review of the literature on sexuality and disability. Respondents indicated which of the nine tasks listed they performed, which they considered important, and for the performance of which they felt adequately prepared. They also designated individuals who, in their opinion, were best suited for the performance of each task. Results showed a discrepancy between respondents' positive attitudes toward tasks of sexual habilitation and the low frequency of reported task performances. No single health professional was clearly identified as appropriate for performing any of the tasks, nor were parents so identified. Therapists who had received information on sexual habilitation and rehabilitation performed significantly more of the tasks than did therapists without this educational experience.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

A Brunswikian evolutionary-developmental theory of adolescent sex offending.

A Brunswikian Evolutionary-Developmental model was developed to relate the sex offending behavior of adolescents to other forms of social deviance, tracing a history of repeated frustration and failure in various competitive sexual strategies and escalation to more extreme means of obtaining sexual gratification. Four hypothetical constructs were proposed as stages in the development of sexual criminality: (1) Psycho-Social Deficiency (PSD); (2) Non-Criminal Sexuality (NCS); (3) Non-Sexual Criminality (NSC); and (4) Sexual Criminality (SC). Significant direct and indirect pathways led from PSD to SC through both NCS and NSC, each time facilitated by an interaction with PSD. Although the causal orders between stages remain equivocal, the current results are consistent with our theory and establish the heuristic value of our theoretical approach, providing empirical support for otherwise counterintuitive predictions. This interpretation also offers hope for focusing preventative intervention at one major root cause of this unfortunate cascade of consequences, Psycho-Social Deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents who are sexually abusive of others. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Working Group on Quality Issues.

The assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with sexually abusive behavior requires an understanding of normal sexual development. A multiplicity of biological and psychosocial factors determines the child's sexual development, gender role, sexual orientation, patterns of sexual arousal, sexual cognitions, sexual socialization, and the integration of sexual and aggressive patterns of behavior. The individual's sexuality evolves in concert and as a result of interaction with family, ethnic, social, and cultural influences. These parameters summarize what we know about the epidemiology and phenomenology of sexually abusive youths and provide guidelines for the assessment and the selection of treatment interventions for these youths. Essential considerations in the assessment and treatment of sexually abusive youths, as well as the different categories of sexually abusive youths which should be recognized and which influence treatment decisions, are presented. The spectrum of currently available psychosocial and biological treatments will be summarized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Explanations of body image disturbance: a test of maturational status, negative verbal commentary, social comparison, and sociocultural hypotheses.

OBJECTIVE: A number of hypotheses have been offered to explain the development and/or maintenance of body image disturbance. In this study, four factors which have been hypothesized to lead to body image problems were tested: maturational status (early physical development), negative verbal commentary (a history of being teased regarding physical appearance), behavioral social comparison, and awareness/internalization of sociocultural pressures. METHODS: One hundred sixty-two college females completed measures designed to index these four influences. Predictors were regressed onto multiple measures of body image and two indices of eating disturbance. RESULTS: Even with self-esteem and level of obesity removed as influences, social comparison and societal factors were significant predictors of body dissatisfaction and eating disturbance. Negative verbal commentary also explained a small part of the variance, however, maturational status did not contribute uniquely in any analysis. DISCUSSION: The findings offer further support for emerging theories of body image and eating disturbance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Adult cryptorchids: Sexual development and activity.

Plasma testosterone in 72 unilateral and 83 bilateral cryptorchids, 11-45 years of age, revealed that, from 13 years on , values of male hormone were lower than in the control group of 69 normal boys and 85 fertile and potent men. Analysis of heterosexual development by means of the HTDM questionnaire in 49 unilateral and 57 bilateral cryptorchids, aged 21-40 years, who were examined for sterility, revealed only slight social developmental retardation compared to 184 normospermic men from sterile marriages. On the other hand, examination of sexual activity by means of the SAM questionnaire in the same three groups revealed that in cryptorchids the first ejaculation is slightly later and that the frequency of nocturnal emissions in pubescence is lower. In adulthood the patients with cryptorchidism exhibit fewer signs of high sexual activity suca as repeated coitus on the same day or a high frequency of sexual intercourse. Also, there is an earlier appearance of prolonged periods of sexual abstinence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Girls' sexual development in the inner city: from compelled childhood sexual contact to sex-for-things exchanges.

Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) has been linked to a wide variety of adverse psychological and behavioral outcomes. This paper describes girls' sexual development in the inner city based on qualitative material from a long-term ethnographic (observational) study. For many inner-city girls, early and then continued experiences of being compelled to have sex were found to be part of a pathway leading to independent sexuality that often involved prostitution, teen pregnancy, early motherhood, school dropout, limited involvement with jobs, drug abuse, multiple children by different fathers and single-parent families. Quotes from respondents illustrate the mechanics of this process and how it is sustained by the deprivations of structural disadvantage, prevailing subcultural norms, violence and illicit drug use.

Adolescent↗