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At least 1,297 records · Page 72Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Vaccine efficacies of elastase, exotoxin A, and outer-membrane protein F in preventing chronic pulmonary infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a rat model.

The protective efficacies of eight vaccine preparations consisting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer-membrane protein F, elastase and exotoxin A toxoid, administered either individually or in various combinations, were determined in a rat model of chronic pulmonary infection. Rats were immunised intramuscularly at 2-week intervals (days 0, 14 and 28). On day 42, blood was collected and antisera were obtained from each vaccine group for use in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which determined the titre of IgG antibodies elicited by each vaccine. Also on day 42, rats were challenged by intratracheal inoculation of a clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa encased within agar beads. On day 49, the animals were killed and the lungs were examined macroscopically for the presence of lesions and fixed for histological examination. When compared with control rats immunised with bovine serum albumin, rats immunised with protein F alone as a vaccine received significant protection against the development of severe pulmonary lesions. Elastase used alone as a vaccine provided some protection against severe lung lesions and reduced the incidence of microscopic peribronchial inflammation. However, the combination of protein F plus elastase as a vaccine did not afford protection from severe lesions, and there was an increased incidence of necrotising granulomas in the lungs from this vaccine group. Protection against lung lesions from the three-component vaccine consisting of protein F, elastase and exotoxin A toxoid was similar to that provided by the protein F vaccine. Neither macroscopic nor histological evidence showed any enhancement of protective efficacy for the three-component vaccine over that of the protein F vaccine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

ADP Ribose Transferases↗
PubMed2005

CD14 C-159T and early infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in children with cystic fibrosis.

Early acquisition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with cystic fibrosis. We investigated whether polymorphisms in CD14, the lipopolysaccharide receptor, increase the risk of early infection. Forty-five children with cystic fibrosis were investigated with annual bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and plasma sCD14 levels. Plasma sCD14 levels were significantly lower in children from whom P.aeruginosa was subsequently isolated (492.75 microg/ml vs. 1339.43 microg/ml, p = 0.018). Those with the CD14 -159CC genotype had a significantly increased risk of early infection with P.aeruginosa suggesting that CD14 C-159T plays a role in determining the risk of early infection with P.aeruginosa.

Australia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effectiveness of immunization with multicomponent vaccines in protection against hemorrhagic pneumonia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mink.

The effectiveness of immunizing mink with a new multicomponent vaccine consisting of the common protective antigen (OEP) and toxoids of protease and elastase on experimental as well as epidemic hemorrhagic pneumonia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. This vaccine was compared with a single-component vaccine, consisting of OEP alone, for determination of its effectiveness in immunizing mink. The multicomponent vaccine was significantly more effective than the single-component vaccine. One vaccination with 100 micrograms each of OEP and toxoids of protease and elastase prevented an epidemic in mink of hemorrhagic pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in critically ill patients.

Critically ill patients are on the increase in the present clinical setting. Aging of our population and increasingly aggressive medical and therapeutic interventions, including implanted foreign bodies, organ transplantation and advances in the chemotherapy of malignant diseases, have created a cohort of particularly vulnerable patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading gram-negative organisms associated with nosocomial infections. This organism is frequently feared because it causes severe hospital-acquired infections, especially in immunocompromised hosts, and is often antibiotic resistant, complicating the choice of therapy. The epidemiology, microbiology, mechanisms of resistance and currently available and future treatment options for the most relevant infections caused by P. aeruginosa are reviewed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Synthesis of complement by guinea pig bronchoalveolar macrophages. Effect of acute and chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

In order to assess the potential role of local production of complement in pulmonary host defenses against bacterial infection, this aspect of bronchoalveolar macrophage function was studied in guinea pigs challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an acute and chronic infection model. Acute infection resulted in an increase in bronchoalveolar macrophage cell number and an increase in synthesis and secretion rates for the second (C2) and fourth (C4) complement components per macrophage. Manipulation of the airway without introduction of Pseudomonas also increased synthesis of both C2 and C4 when studied 60 h after control solutions were administered. Pseudomonas aeruginosa delivered in agar beads to induce chronic inflammation resulted in specific stimulation of C2 and C4 synthesis at 2 wk and to a lesser extent at 4 wk postchallenge. This increase in local complement synthesis by bronchoalveolar macrophages, in addition to enhancing the local inflammatory response, may serve to facilitate recruitment of intravascular cellular and humoral mediators of host defense against bacterial infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of chronic pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis patients with ceftazidime and tobramycin.

50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ceftazidime, cefsulodin, cefotaxime, moxalactam, azlocillin, carbenicillin, netilmicin and tobramycin against 90 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients were determined by means of the agar plate dilution method. Ceftazidime was most active of the antibiotics in vitro; the geometric mean of IC50 was 0.2 and of MIC 0.4 micrograms/ml. 11 CF patients suffering from P. aeruginosa infection were treated with 14 day courses of ceftazidime (100 mg/kg/24 h) and tobramycin (10 mg/kg/24 h). P. aeruginosa was only temporarily eradicated in one of the patients, but a significant improvement of respiratory function and a significant fall in white blood cell count was recorded in the patients during chemotherapy. There was no development of resistant strains against ceftazidime during treatment and no side-effects were observed. Ceftazidime is a promising new antimicrobial agent with high in vitro activity which deserves further in vivo evaluation in CF patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection mimicking erythema annulare centrifugum.

A 3-year-old girl receiving chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukaemia developed a rapidly expanding red annular plaque on her thigh, initially without signs of systemic toxicity or local pain. Subsequently she developed Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis and purpura at the leading edge of the plaque. Skin biopsy showed an extensive necrotizing vasculitis with numerous Gram-negative bacilli in the blood vessel walls. In immunocompromised individuals, skin biopsy and culture of cutaneous lesions for bacteria and fungi should be considered even in the absence of signs of systemic toxicity or multiple lesions.

Child, Preschool↗