ATTEMPT AT CLASSIFICATION OF MOUSE LEUKEMIA VIRUSES. MOUSE LEUKEMIA VIRUS TYPE A AND THE FRIEND VIRUS.
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An incomplete proviral genome of endogenous mammary tumour virus (MMTV) was found in DNA of several strains of mice. This MMTV-related sequence was assigned to the Y chromosome since it was clearly observed in male mice only. This MMTV provirus contained a sequence related to LTR (long terminal repeat), but not to gag-pol and env genes. NFS, NIH Swiss/S, STS/A, and DD/Tbr mice have this sequence but BALB/cHeA, SHN, SLN, C57BL/6NJcl, C3H/HeNJcl and CBA/JJcl mice are negative. In the strains containing this sequence, a DNA test for the sequence makes it possible to easily distinguish the DNAs of male or female mice.
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An analysis of a juvenile hopping response from an 8 X 8 diallel cross is used to demonstrate the experimental genetic approach for testing presumed adaptive fitness of behaviors in developing organisms. In accordance with predictions, the explosive jumping behavior exhibited by 15-day mice is characterized by a pattern of genetic dominance toward high expression of the trait. Wild mice show even more vigorous responses, indicating that selection pressures maintaining high responding have been relaxed during domestication. These data suggest some applications and limitations of genetic methods for the study of behavioral evolution as related to development.
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