Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Leukemic Infiltration”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,297 records · Page 72Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Prognostic importance of ophthalmic manifestations in childhood leukaemia.

In order to assess the systemic prognosis of children with leukaemic ocular involvement, 63 of 131 patients admitted to hospital with acute leukaemia were evaluated ophthalmically. A total of 28 of 63 showed ophthalmic involvement and were followed up for up to 84 months. Twenty seven of 28 patients (96.4%) died within 28 months after the onset of ocular involvement and within 83 months after the onset of leukaemia. The 5 year survival rate of patients with ophthalmic manifestations was 21.4% (6/28). This survival rate was significantly lower than that of those who lacked ophthalmic manifestations (16/35: 45.7%, p < 0.05). All of the patients with ophthalmic manifestations had either bone marrow relapse or central nervous system leukaemia. The prognosis was related to risk factors such as central nervous system leukaemia or bone marrow relapse in most cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

Granulomatous reactions cause symptoms or clinically imitate treatment resistance in small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukaemia more frequently than in other non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

AIMS: The electronic database of the institute of pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, was reviewed and patient histories studied to analyse systematically the coincidence of granulomatous reactions and lymphomas in a large patient collective, and to find distinct clinicopathological correlations. Five cases of small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) associated with granulomatous reactions in lymph nodes and bone marrow were identified, all clinically associated with signs of progressive disease. METHODS: Cases were acquired by reviewing an electronic database comprising approximately 715,000 patients diagnosed between 1993 and 2003. Histochemical, immunohistochemical, and molecular techniques were used to verify diagnosis and associated infectious diseases. Clinical data were obtained from reviewing the charts. RESULTS: Of 2044 bone marrow and 411 lymph node non-Hodgkin lymphoma biopsy samples, CLL was most frequently associated with bone marrow (two cases) and lymph node granulomas (three cases). These granulomas were mostly composed of epithelioid cells, with or without giant cells, and in all but one case did not show necrosis. All patients with CLL had clinical symptoms primarily caused by the granulomatous disease: two suffered from acid fast bacilli infections (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacteria other than tuberculosis) and three presented with clinical manifestations of sarcoidosis (the reason a diagnostic biopsy was performed). CONCLUSIONS: Granulomatous reactions in patients with CLL might obscure diagnosis and imitate disease progression and Richter's transformation. Careful histological examination, exclusion of infectious agents, and a detailed clinical history are essential for correct diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Extramedullary myeloid cell tumours localised to the mediastinum: a rare clinicopathological entity with unique karyotypic features.

Extramedullary myeloid cell tumour (EMMT) localised to the mediastinum is a rare manifestation of acute myeloid leukaemia, forming less than 4% of all cases of EMMT. In contrast to other types of EMMT, cytogenetic characteristics of this rare entity are relatively unknown. This report describes a patient with EMMT who had evidence of superior vena cava syndrome and normal peripheral blood counts at diagnosis. The results from an initial biopsy specimen were consistent with a diagnosis of mediastinal large B cell lymphoma. A diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia was made three months after initial diagnosis by bone marrow examination. Review of the initial biopsy specimen showed strong positivity for myeloperoxidase, revealing that the patient had been initially misdiagnosed as having large B cell lymphoma. Cytogenetic studies revealed a near triploid and near tetraploid karyotype with structural abnormalities in 12 and three metaphases, respectively. Review of the literature showed that a near tetraploid or triploid karyotype is found in most of the reported cases of mediastinal EMMT. Thus, the presence of a near triploid/tetraploid karyotype and mediastinal EMMT may represent a specific subset of EMMT. The biological relevance of this observation is discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Insertion of the CCND1 gene into the IgH locus in a case of leukaemic small cell mantle lymphoma with normal chromosomes 11 and 14.

The t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation is considered to be the cytogenetic hallmark of mantle cell lymphoma. This report describes a case of leukaemic mantle cell lymphoma in which conventional cytogenetics on stimulated peripheral blood cells showed a 46,XY, t(1;12)(p21;q23)/46,XY karyotype. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis using a dual colour immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH)/CCND1 probe showed a fusion hybridisation signal on one normal chromosome 14, indicating that an insertion of the CCND1 gene into the 14q32/IgH locus had taken place. Overexpression of the cyclin D1 protein was demonstrated on bone marrow trephine by immunohistochemical staining.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1998

Molecular detection of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in boys with testicular relapse.

AIMS: To determine the role of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based minimal residual disease (MRD) detection of leukaemia specific DNA in testicular relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. METHODS: DNA was obtained from archival testicular and bone marrow samples from boys with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who relapsed in the testes. Overlapping DJH clone specific primers derived from clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement in each case were used to analyse testicular or bone marrow DNA. RESULTS: Histologically normal end of treatment testicular biopsies in the five patients in longterm remission were all MRD negative, but MRD positive in three of six boys with subsequent testicular relapse. Histologically normal bone marrow samples taken at the end of treatment were MRD negative in five of seven cases, but MRD positive in all cases at the time of isolated testicular relapse. Three boys with unilateral testicular relapse underwent unilateral orchidectomy, rather than bilateral testicular irradiation, as part of their treatment. Two of these boys were MRD positive in the histologically uninvolved testes, and both had subsequent relapses either in the testes or the bone marrow, while the MRD negative patient has not had a testicular relapse. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of MRD in testicular tissue can be assayed with a PCR based method to detect clone specific antigen receptor gene rearrangements. In this setting, PCR is more sensitive than conventional testicular histology for predicting clinical outcomes. MRD assays might be useful in the management of boys at the time of isolated testicular relapse, to confirm the presence of unilateral testicular disease.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1993

Hairy leukaemic cell influx into the cerebrospinal fluid secondary to encephalomyelitis.

A case report of a 53 year old male with hairy cell leukaemia is presented in whom encephalomyelitis caused by toxoplasmosis resulted in an influx of hairy cells into the cerebrospinal fluid following disruption of the blood-brain barrier. These cells subsequently disappeared as the barrier reformed. It is suggested that the presence of hairy cells in the cerebrospinal fluid is a secondary self-limiting phenomenon.

Central Nervous System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The infant skull: a vault of information.

The art of interpreting skull radiographs is slowly being lost as trainees in radiology see fewer plain radiographs and depend more heavily on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Nevertheless, skull radiographs still provide significant information that is helpful in finding pathologic conditions and appreciating their extents. Abnormalities in the skull may be reflected as variations in the density, size, and shape of the skull, as well as skull defects. Skeletal dysplasias may manifest as a generalized decrease in calvarial density (hypophosphatasia, osteogenesis imperfecta), a generalized increase in calvarial density (osteopetrosis), or a focal increase in density (frontometaphyseal dysplasia). Diffusely decreased or increased calvarial density is usually associated with a process that affects the entire skeleton. Therefore, correct differentiation among these dysplasias depends on other concurrent features. Decreased size of the cranial vault at birth generally implies an underlying insult to the brain, including fetal alcohol syndrome and the so-called TORCH infections (toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus infection, herpes simplex). Macrocephaly may result from skeletal dysplasia or an increase in the intracranial volume (eg, due to underlying anomalies of the brain such as hydrocephalus).

Bone Density↗
PubMed1999

Evaluation of the left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions by echocardiography in patients with acute leukemia.

Eighteen patients with acute leukemia were studied to evaluate their left ventricular systolic and diastolic function by M mode, two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic techniques. The study group was compared with another group of 18 patients of similar age with iron deficiency anemia. The latter group had a comparable heart rate and levels of Hb. There were no differences in systolic function, whereas the diastolic function was lower in patients with acute leukemia (E/A ratio = 1.1 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.42 +/- 0.5, p < 0.05). It is concluded that left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is more common in patients with acute leukemia and may be an indicator of restrictive cardiomyopathy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Cerebrospinal-fluid ciliary neurotrophic factor in neurological patients.

We developed a double sandwich immunoassay for the dosage of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The detection limit was 100 pg/ml. This assay was applied to human CSF samples from 14 normal subjects, 26 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 17 with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and 22 with tumours of the central nervous system (CNS) or leucaemic meningosis (LM). Samples from normal control subjects and from patients with tumours did not contain detectable CNTF. Only 2 patients with LM were positive, and all the patients with inflammatory diseases of the CNS and peripheral nervous system were positive. The MS group presented a mean value of 240 pg/ml CNTF and the GBS/CIDP group a value of 430 pg/ml.

Astrocytoma↗