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Results for “INTESTINAL PARASITES”

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PubMed1980

The prevalence of intestinal parasites in Puerto Rican farm workers in western Massachusetts.

A parasitic surveillance of farm workers of Puerto Rican background and their children revealed a high prevalence rate (35.5%) of parasites in this population. This high prevalence rate, however, was expected in view of the fact that other researchers have found a high degree of parasitosis in Puerto Rican populations residing on the US mainland. However, the prevalence rate was almost double that reported by Winsberg, et al, for the urban population, thus suggesting a higher degree of exposure to the migrant worker than to his counterpart living in the cities. Two cases of hookworm infections were detected in children born in the United States who had never traveled outside the area, thus confirming that there is ample opportunity for the transmission of pathogenic parasites on farms, and also suggesting that migrant workers must live under poor sanitary conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infestation. Study of two methods for collection of specimens.

Two methods for collecting fecal specimens for parasitologic examination were compared: the usual samples from different days to be studied separately ("triads") and the alternate procedure of mixing three daily specimens in a single flask with thimerosal-iodine-formaldehyde as preservative ("blend"), in order to save time and effort on the part of the microscopist. Stool samples totalling 284 from 71 heavily parasitized persons were examined. No significant difference was found in the results of studying "triads" and "blends" by two concentration technics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The prevalence of intestinal parasites in two suburbs of Kinshasa (Zaire) and their relation to domestic water supplies.

The prevalence of common intestinal nematodes (Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworms) and protozoa (Entamoeba coli, E. histolytica, Giardia, Trichomonas) was compared in two suburbs of Kinshasa, one provided with piped water and the other one with wells. Pit latrines were used in both places. No significant differences were observed for the worms, but the prevalence of the four common protozoa was approximately twice as high in the community without piped water supply. It is concluded that providing piped water has some impact on the transmission of potentially pathogenic intestinal protozoa, but no influence, at least on the short run, on intestinal worms. Infections with Giardia and Trichomonas were significantly associated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Intestinal parasites in nursery schools of Lages, southern Brazil].

Two hundred children from nursery schools in Lages, southern Brazil, were associated as to parasitic infections. The overall prevalence of helminths and protozoa was 70.5%, affecting 61.4% of male and 74.5% of female children. The most prevalent parasites were Ascaris lumbricoides (35%), Giardia lamblia (14%) e Trichuris trichiura (13%).

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Screening for intestinal parasites. Is a single specimen valid?

To assess the validity of a single stool or perianal swab specimen when screening for potentially pathogenic parasites, 88 residents of a centre for developmentally handicapped adults were screened by collecting on alternate days three stool samples and pinworm swabs. Both sensitivity and negative predictive values were so low that three samples were required for some parasites. The species being screened for and its underlying prevalence must be considered before collecting only one specimen to reduce laboratory costs.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Intestinal parasite infections at an institution for the handicapped in Korea.

Stool and cellotape anal swab examinations were carried out in August 1997 on handicapped people at an institution located in Chorwon-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea. A total of 112 stool samples (78 males and 34 females) revealed three cases of Trichuris trichiura infection and one case of Enterobius vermicularis infection. Other helminth eggs were not detected. The overall prevalence rate was 35.7% (38.5% for males and 29.4% for females). More than two different kinds of parasites were found in 42.0% of the positive stool samples (17 cases). The infection rates for protozoan cysts are as follow: Entamoeba coli (25.0%), E. histolytica (1.8%), Endolimax nana (21.4%), Iodoamoeba bütschlii (1.8%) and Giardia lamblia (0.9%). In cellotape anal swab examinations (165 samples), the prevalence rate of E. vermicularis was 20.6% (25.7% of males and 9.6% of females). In conclusion, the handicapped people in the institution showed higher infection rates of protozoan parasites and E. vermicularis, possibly due to more accessibility to the infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Longitudinal study of young children in Kenya: intestinal parasitic infection with special reference to Giardia lamblia, its prevalence, incidence and duration, and its association with diarrhoea and with other parasites.

84 young children from a rural community, Nderu, in Kenya, were each followed for up to 10 months, from January to November 1987. Their ages ranged from 10 to 28 months over the period of study. Stools were obtained once a week, as were reports from the mothers about presence of abdominal complaints, including diarrhoea. A total of 2258 stools and 1873 reports were collected. 9 parasites were commonly encountered of which Giardia lamblia was the most frequent at 44.7%. The overall estimated number of new Giardia episodes per year per child was 2.77 +/- 2.22 SD and the mean estimated duration of infection was 75.25 +/- 73.84 SD days per child. The mean proportion of positive visits per child was 0.42 +/- 0.25 SD. Giardia trophozoites, Trichomonas hominis, Chilomastix mesnili, Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis and Hymenolepis nana were all significantly associated with unformed stools and reports of diarrhoea. There was a significant probability of finding Giardia in stool within +/- 2 weeks of a report of diarrhoea. Poly-parasitism was common and several paired associations were significantly positive, particularly between species of amoebae. Quantity of Giardia in stool (expressed as a 0 to 5+ score) was suppressed both by type and number of other parasites present.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Improved detection of intestinal parasites.

Three decades of accumulated data by the Center for Disease Control indicate that formalin-ether extraction is the method of choice for routine screening of stool samples. This technic detects operculated eggs, nematode larvae and 20% more ova and cysts than the flotation method.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed2005

Ultrastructure of the spermatozoon of Raillietina (Raillietina) baeri (Cyclophyllidea, Davaineidae) an intestinal parasite of the multimammate rat, Mastomys huberti (Rodentia, Muridae).

The mature Raillietina (Raillietina) baeri spermatozoon exhibits an apical cone of electron-dense material about 2.5 microm long and 0.5 microm wide and two helicoidal crest-like bodies roughly 100-125 nm thick. The latter are of different lengths, spiralized and stand in an angle of about 50 degrees with the spermatozoon axis. The axoneme is of the 9 + "1" pattern and does not reach the posterior extremity of the gamete. The nucleus is an electron-dense cord coiled in a spiral around the axoneme. The cytoplasm exhibits a posterior densification and contains few small electron-dense granules in regions I, II and V of the spermatozoon. In regions III and IV, it is divided into irregular compartments by walls of electron-dense material. The cortical microtubules are spiralized and make an angle of 40-50 degrees to the spermatozoon axis. In this work, we describe, for the first time, a spermatozoon of a davaineidaean cestode parasitic of mammals. This has enabled us to show a wide apical cone, which has never been described before in a cyclophyllidean species the spermatozoon of which has two crest-like bodies.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[The results of a control program carried out on school children for intestinal parasites in Sanliurfa province, Turkey between the years of 2001 and 2005].

This paper presents a school-based deworming program carried out from 2001-2005. It began with baseline studies in 2001 which indicated that intestinal helminth infection was endemic among schoolchildren with a prevalence of 80%in shantytown schools and 53% in apartment district schools. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most frequently detected helminth (45%), followed by Trichuris trichiura (25-30%) and Hymenolepsis nana (10-15%) and Taenia species (5%). Also school children were very much affected by nutritional deficiencies such as prevalence of stunting (24%), underweight (25%) and anemia (45%). The parasite control project was begun in 2002 in which 40.000 school children were treated with a single dose of 500 mg mebendazole. This was followed by delivery of 100.000 doses of mebendazole to the school children during the 2003-2004 school-years. During the 2004-2005 school-years, 120.000 primary schoolchildren, 20.000 high school children, 10.00 rural schoolchildren and 50.000 women and children (1-7 years old) were treated with mebendazole for helminth infections. In October-2005, stool examinations were carried out again in the shantytown and apartment district schools and it was found that the prevalence of infection had declined to 35% in shantytown schools and 6.4% in apartment district schools. The rate of Ascaris lumbricoides infection had fallen to 17%, with the rate of Trichuris trichiura to 1% and that of Taenia species to 0%. In contrast, the rate of Hymenolepsis nana had increased to 21%. These results indicated that parasite control program was successful and should be continued.

Adolescent↗