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Results for “FUSIDIC ACID”

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At least 1,297 records · Page 72Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The bioavailability of intranasal salmon calcitonin in healthy volunteers with and without a permeation enhancer.

Serum levels of radioimmunoactive salmon calcitonin (sCT) were determined in 10 healthy volunteers after intranasal administration (IN) of 100-, 205-, and 450-IU of sCT with 0.5% sodium tauro-24,25-dihydrofusidate (STDHF), a 200-IU commercial IN formulation, and a 100-IU intramuscular (IM) formulation. Relative to the IM dose, the bioavailabilities of the IN formulations containing 0.5% STDHF were 3.9, 7.9, and 7.4%, respectively. The 200-IU commercial formulation resulted in serum levels above the limit of detection in only 5 of 10 patients, with an average bioavailability of 1.6%.

Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of Fucithalmic viscous eye drops and Chloramphenicol eye ointment as a single treatment in corneal abrasion.

PURPOSE: To compare the healing of the cornea and the incidence of infection after traumatic corneal epithelial defect after single treatment with double bandage combined with either Fucithalmic single unit dose eye drops or chloramphenicol eye ointment. METHODS: This is a single-centre, randomised, single-blind, parallel-group study of 144 patients with accidental corneal abrasion or corpus alieni cornea who were referred to the Eye Department at Gentofte Hospital. The injured eye was examined with a photo slit-lamp before and 24 hours after treatment. The size of the abrasion was recorded and calculated on a PCX computerized video system and by slit-lamp photography. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The Fucithalmic and chloramphenicol ointment treated groups showed no significant difference in corneal healing, local side effects, or signs of local infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Protection from concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T cell-dependent hepatic lesions and modulation of cytokine release in mice by sodium fusidate.

The immunomodulatory effects of the antibiotic sodium fusidate (SF) were tested in a model of T cell-dependent hepatic injury that can be induced in normal mice by a single i.v. injection of Con A. Signs of hepatitis with elevated transaminase activities in plasma, severe infiltration of the liver by neutrophil granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes, and necrotic areas were observed in control mice treated intraperitoneally with PBS 24 h and 1 h before Con A challenge. T cell- and macrophage-derived cytokines (IL-2, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6) were released with different kinetics in the circulation of these mice. SF, 20, 40 or 80 mg/kg, administered 24 h and 1 h before Con A challenge, protected the mice against the hepatitic effects of Con A. The protective effects of SF were dose-dependent and accompanied by profound modifications of blood levels of cytokines induced by Con A, so that, relative to control mice, SF (80 mg/kg)-treated animals showed markedly diminished plasma levels of IL-2, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, along with augmented levels of IL-6. These results suggest that SF might be useful in the treatment of immunoinflammatory liver diseases in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

MRSA pyomyositis complicating sickle cell anaemia.

A patient being treated for sickle cell crisis developed swollen, painful, indurated, discoloured thighs after several days in hospital. Imaging revealed the presence of multiple small abscesses in the muscle and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was cultured from aspirated fluid. Pyomyositis usually occurs in association with damaged muscle and impaired host defences. Staphylococcus is the most frequent organism involved. It is not a common complication of sickle cell disease, although it may be under diagnosed. Availability of advanced imaging techniques facilitates early diagnosis of pyomyositis.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

Inhibition by siomycin and thiostrepton of both aminoacyl-tRNA and factor G binding to ribosomes.

Siomycin, a peptide antibiotic that interacts with the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits binding of factor G, is shown also to inhibit binding of aminoacyl-tRNA; however, it does not impair binding of fMet-tRNA and completion of the initiation complex. Moreover, unlike other inhibitors of aminoacyl-tRNA binding (tetracycline, sparsomycin, and streptogramin A), siomycin completely abolishes the GTPase activity associated with the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA catalyzed by factor T(u). A single-site interaction of siomycin appears to be responsible for its effect on both the binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA-T(u)-GTP complex and that of factor G.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1972

Elongation factor T-dependent hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate resistant to thiostrepton.

Methanol stimulates the hydrolysis of GTP catalyzed by bacterial ribosomes in the presence of the chain elongation factor T (EF-T). The methanol-stimulated activity is uncoupled from aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the ribosomes and does not require the presence of either synthetic polynucleotide messenger or aminoacyl-tRNA. When these reactants are present, along with EF-T, GTP, and methanol, the ribosomal binding of aminoacyl-tRNA is inhibited by thiostrepton but the uncoupled, EF-T-dependent hydrolysis of GTP is resistant to the antibiotic.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1972

Initiation of hemoglobin synthesis: comparison of model reactions that use artificial templates with those using natural messenger RNA.

PARTIAL REACTIONS DESIGNED TO STUDY THE INDIVIDUAL STEPS IN THE INITIATION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS MAY BE DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS: artificial models using artificial mRNA templates and natural models using naturally occurring mRNA. The requirements for each of the reticulocyte initiation factors, IF-M(1), IF-M(2), and IF-M(3), and for GTP are examined using these models in order to determine if either type of model is a valid representation of the events occurring in natural initiation. Binding of the initiator tRNA, Met-tRNA(F), to endogenous mRNA requires IF-M(1), IF-M(2), and GTP. A requirement for hydrolysis of GTP is not found when the artificial template ApUpG is used since GDPCP may be substituted for GTP. Met-tRNA(F) bound to the template ApUpG by IF-M(1) + IF-M(2) can form a peptide bond with the aminoacyl-tRNA analog, puromycin. Met-tRNA(F) bound by IF-M(1) + IF-M(2) to the initiator codon of natural globin mRNA, however, cannot form a peptide bond with either puromycin or valine-tRNA unless IF-M(3) is also present. The requirements for Met(F)-valine synthesis on exogenous globin mRNA are the same as the requirements on endogenous mRNA. Synthesis of the initial tripeptides of the alpha and beta chains of rabbit globin, Met(F)-Val-Leu and Met(F)-Val-His, requires, in addition, leucyl-tRNA and histidyl-tRNA. It appears, therefore, that model systems that use natural messenger RNA can duplicate the factor and energy requirements of natural initiation, but that the model systems thus far studied that use artificial messengers as templates do not.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Role of guanine nucleotides in protein synthesis. Elongation factor G and guanosine 5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate.

The possible role of guanosine 5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate (pppGpp) in protein synthesis by Escherichia coli ribosomes and protein factors was examined. Although pppGpp could effectively substitute for GTP in reactions catalyzed by initiation factor 2 (ribosomal binding of fMet-tRNA and formation of N-formylmethionylpuromycin) and elongation factor T (ribosomal binding of Phe-tRNA and formation of dipeptidyl-tRNA), pppGpp poorly supported polyphenylalanine synthesis. The interaction of elongation factor G with pppGpp was, therefore, examined in detail. The nucleotide was found to be almost without activity in the translocation reaction, as measured by formation of N-acetylphenylalanyl-phenylalanylpuromycin. Nevertheless, the rate of the catalytic hydrolysis of pppGpp to guanosine 5'-diphosphate,3'-diphosphate by elongation factor G and ribosomes was about 30% of the rate of hydrolysis of GTP, a rate of hydrolysis that significantly exceeded the rate of translocation with GTP. Moreover, the rates of the fusidic acid-dependent, elongation factor G-dependent binding of pppGpp and ppGpp to ribosomes were about 75 to 85% the rates of GTP and GDP binding, respectively. We also found that dGTP could substitute for GTP in all reactions examined.

Bacterial Proteins↗