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Results for “ESOPHAGEAL PERFORATION”

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At least 1,297 records · Page 72Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Non traumatic acute suppurative mediastinitis].

Acute mediastinitis is uncommon. When it occurs, it usually follows an esophageal perforation or thoracic surgery. We report on a case of a 2-year-old girl with non traumatic mediastinitis secondary to a pharyngitis, due to Staphylococcus aureus. The anatomic pathways that connect the cervical region with the mediastinum explains how the infection can spread within the cervicothoracic spaces. Knowledge of this anatomy is also important in evaluating the possible causes of symptoms and signs in this area, and the possible complications of infections in these regions. The treatment associates antibiotics and drainage of the abscess by either surgical procedure or computed tomography guided selective needle aspirations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Peripancreatic lymph node gastrinoma in a patient with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

The case of a patient who had Zollinger-Ellison syndrome caused by a primary peripancreatic lymph node gastrinoma is presented. Accompanying diffuse pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia, a well-documented occurrence in hypergastrinemia, was present. A perforated esophageal ulcer in a Barrett's esophagus led to right-sided necrotizing pleuritis, septicemia, and death. The diffuse parathyroid hyperplasia also noted in the patient is thought to be secondary to chronic hypertensive renal failure rather than MEN-I syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Results of transhiatal esophagectomy in cancer of the esophagus and other diseases.

We present the results we obtained during the last 12 years with transhiatal esophagectomy. Two hundred and eighty-three patients were operated on using this procedure; 171 of them underwent the operation for cancer of the esophagus, 73 for cancer of the cardia, and 11 for cancer of the hypopharynx. The tumor stage, the operative technique, and the type of esophageal replacement (stomach: 62.9%; colon: 37.1%) are described. Overall operative mortality was 5.6%, mainly as a result of respiratory insufficiency. Long-term survival was 11.9% at five years for cancer of the esophagus, much lower than the 48.3% for cancer of the cardia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Self-expandable metallic stent for palliation of unresectable esophagogastric malignancies].

While self-expandable metallic stents (EMS) have been reported to be useful for palliation of unresectable esophagogastric malignancies, complications accompanying such stenting also have been pointed out. Both advantages and disadvantages of EMS stenting are discussed on the basis of 25 cases of esophageal cancer and 5 cases of gastric cancer treated in our institute. Although dysphagia improved in 26 of the 30 patients with stenosis, only 14 of the patients who had been able to ingest more than 1,200 kcal of food could be discharged to their homes. Complications were noted in 12 (48%) of the esophageal cancer patients and 4 (80%) of the gastric cancer patients, including incomplete sealing of esophagorespiratory fistula in 6, tumor ingrown in 3, mucosal hyperplasia in 2, stent migration in 2 and reflux of digestive juice in 1. The patients with complications took food for shorter periods than those who had no complications. Successful patient outcomes can be achieved by the prevention of complications accompanying stenting and mastering the techniques to overcome those complications described above.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Endoscopic sclerotherapy of esophageal varicose veins in portal hypertension].

The results of endoscopic sclerotherapy (EST) in the patients with portal hypertension (PH) are analyzed. Efficacy of methods in the treatment of gastroesophageal varicosity in urgent situations (bleeding) and "cold" period was evaluated. Schemes of staged minimally-invasive surgical correction of PH syndrome are described. Etoxisclerol is regarded as the most appropriate sclerosant. It is concluded that EST is an effective method of treatment in PH, it is alternative to "open" abdominal surgery and may improve results of treatment in this group of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Peritracheal abscess associated with tracheal collapse and bilateral laryngeal paralysis in a dog.

Tracheal collapse and bilateral laryngeal paralysis were diagnosed in an 8-month-old Cocker Spaniel that had acute onset of dyspnea and cyanosis. Surgical exploration of the mediastinum revealed an abscess involving the ventral wall of the trachea immediately caudal to the thoracic inlet. Both recurrent laryngeal nerves were entrapped in fibrous tissue surrounding the abscess. The dog recovered after tracheal resection and anastomosis and freeing of the entrapped nerves. The peritracheal abscess was suspected to have been the result of esophageal perforation secondary to foreign body penetration.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Problems and complications associated with esophageal surgery.

Complications associated with esophageal surgery can be overcome by careful surgical technique, patience, and the selection of appropriate treatments for esophageal lesions. Two retrospective studies that evaluated the results of esophageal surgery in dogs and cats reported successful outcomes in 77% and 85% of the cases. By following classic surgical tenets, the use of fine non-reactive suture material, the precise apposition of tissues, and the avoidance of tension on the suture line, the esophagus will heal admirably.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Toxicologic causes of acute abdominal disorders.

A variety of drugs and toxins can produce severe abdominal pain and, in some cases, a surgical abdomen. Toxins can be classified according to mechanisms of injury: 1. Corrosives often produce severe gastroenteritis and may result in gastric or esophageal perforations. Examples of corrosive substances include aspirin, iron, mercury, acids and alkali. 2. Drugs may cause intestinal ileus or obstruction by pharmacologic actions (i.e., anticholinergic drugs and narcotics) or by mechanical obstruction (charcoal and drug bezoars). 3. Abdominal pain simulating an acute abdomen may result from systemic effects of black widow spider envenomation or intoxication with heavy metals such as lead and arsenic. 4. Ischemic bowel disease may occur from use of vasoconstrictor drugs, such as ergotamines, amphetamines and cocaine, or may follow treatment with catecholamines or digitalis in critically ill patients. Small bowel ischemia is life-threatening and may require bowel resection. 5. Many drugs cause abdominal pain by directly injuring abdominal organs, such as the liver and pancreas. Antibiotic-associated colitis may present with abdominal pain and inflammatory diarrhea. Consideration of drugs and toxins plays an important role in the differential diagnosis of the acute abdomen.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

Malnutrition: an important determinant of fatal outcome in surgically treated pulmonary suppurative disease.

Eighty patients required surgical drainage of infections in the pleural space or lung during a four-year period (1984-1987). Thirty-nine patients had a history of heavy intravenous drug use and 28 of those not addicted to drugs were addicted to alcohol. Impaired immunity was believed to be present in 72 (90%) due to malnutrition (45 patients), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (13), hepatic cirrhosis (1), diabetes (1), or multiple causes (12). Sixty-four patients had acute purulent empyema; 9, tuberculous empyema (often a mixed infection); 2, tuberculous pleural effusion with complications; 2, lung abscesses requiring open drainage; 2, chronic bronchopleural fistulae; and 1, empyema secondary to an esophageal perforation. Fifty-three (66%) were treated with tube thoracostomy only and 27 required additional procedures, including open drainage (19 patients), decortication (5), lung resection (2), chest wall resection (1), and parietal pericardiectomy (1). Overall mortality was high (30%); mortality had a strong correlation with malnutrition or immune deficiency. Very low serum albumin levels were common and were the most important single determinant of a fatal outcome: (table; see text) Other important determinants of mortality were: total lymphocytes less than 1000 (50% mortality); anergy to tests for delayed hypersensitivity (39% mortality); AIDS or AIDS-related complex (54% mortality). Analysis of the records of the 24 patients who died has led to the conclusion that despite the advanced disease present and the poor condition of most patients at least one third of the deaths could have been avoided if important errors in diagnosis and medical or surgical management could have been prevented.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Difficult nasogastric tube insertions.

NGT insertion is a procedure that is done frequently in Emergency Departments. A step-by-step procedure has been presented. There are certain circumstances that may make NGT insertion difficult. They are esophageal narrowing, comatose or intubated patients, and patients who have sustained severe facial or skull injuries. A number of strategies have been suggested to facilitate the passage of the NGT. These include generous lubrication, chilling the tube, grasping the alae of the thyroid and lifting anteriorly, using two fingers in the mouth to facilitate passage of the tube, and direct visualization. Complications, although rare, may occur. Examples of complications that are reported in the literature include mucosal ulcerations, submucosal passage of a tube, accidental passage of an NGT into the brain, and esophageal perforation. Generous lubrication, direct visualization, and the use of fluoroscopy, as well as knowledge of these complications, may help to decrease or prevent their incidence.

Coma↗