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At least 1,297 records · Page 72Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Dual-photon bone densitometry in normal Australian women: a cross-sectional study.

Osteoporosis is a major health problem in Australia, as it is in most Western societies. Bone mineral density in the spine and femoral neck are accurate indicators of osteopenia and thus useful indicators of the risk of a fracture. Dual-photon absorptiometry is a non-invasive technique that allows the accurate quantitation of bone mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae and proximal femur with a low radiation exposure. The increasing availability of this technique dictates the requirement for "normal" ranges and quality control. We report here lumbar vertebral and proximal femur bone mineral density as measured by dual-photon absorptiometry in 179 normal Australian women. Forearm bone mineral content in these subjects, as measured by single-photon absorptiometry, is also presented. There was a relative stability of lumbar bone mineral density and forearm bone mineral content before the menopause, after which there was an age-related decline. On the other hand, bone mineral density at all three sites in the proximal femur showed an age-related decline throughout adult life. Intraoperator variability in calculated bone mineral density did not exceed 2.3%. The requirement for correct positioning of the patient is illustrated. The data allow statistical analysis and the development of normal ranges. They provide an Australian base against which individual patient values can now be compared.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Bone mineral densitometry by dual photon absorptiometry in patients with urolithiasis--on the possibility of the differential diagnosis of idiopathic hypercalciuria].

Bone mineral density (BMD) of the 3rd lumbar spine was measured by dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) in 8 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) and 39 patients with idiopathic urolithiasis (IU). Of the patients, 15 were classified into idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) which were further classified into 2 types of IH--renal hypercalciuria (RH) and absorptive hypercalciuria (AH)--by Ca restriction and load test. BMD of the IH patients tended to be lower than patients with normocalciuria, but significantly higher than the PHP patients. BMD of the RH patients was significantly lower than the AH patients. In conclusion, DPA may be a simple method for classifying the types of idiopathic hypercalciuria.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1988

Bone densitometry.

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Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1998

[The mineral density of the bone tissue in patients with rheumatic diseases of the joints (based on x-ray densitometry data)].

Manifestations were studied of systemic osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, primary osteoarthrosis, and ankylosing spondylarthritis. There have been disclosed differently directed changes in mineral density of lumbar spine and thigh bone segments related to phase of the illness as well as to the treatments administered, patient age, and impact of the post-menopausal period (in female patients). A conclusion has been reached that it is necessary that the above-mentioned studies be made in order that we might choose relevant therapeutic alternatives for patients with rheumatic afflictions of the joints.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of fosamax on bone tissue function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (based on x-ray densitometry data)].

Data are submitted on results of investigations designed to study mineral density of the osseous tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during therapy with phosamax. Revealed in the study were both a positive clinical effect of the above-named drug and its protective action with respect to systemic resorption of the osseous tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

[X-ray densitometry and biochemical parameters of bone tissue metabolism in patients with vibration disease].

To reveal systemic and local osteoporosis, the authors studied biochemical markers of bone metabolism in vibration disease patients. The vibration disease patients appeared to have the most frequent and marked osteoporosis in peripheral bones--hands (in 90% of cases) and forearms (in 66.7%). Prevalence of systemic osteoporosis and osteopenia reached 11.7 and 48.3% in the select respectively. According to biochemical markers, bone reconstruction state was characterized by moderately intensified bone resorption and diminished bone formation.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

[Bone densitometry: comparative value and limitations of different techniques].

An early diagnosis of osteoporosis and an accurate estimation of treatment outcome are the focus of the radiological efforts. The most commonly applied methods for the evaluation of the peripheral and axial skeleton are dual x-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography, and quantitative ultrasound. Data of an individual are generally compared to an age-, sex-, and ethically-matched control population. The bone mass measurement predicts a patient's future risk of fracture and the presence of osteoporosis can be diagnosed even in the absence of prevalent fractures. Fracture risk increases approximately 1.5-2.5 times for every 1.0 standard deviation an individual's bone mass is below the mean peak bone mass of healthy young individuals (T-score). The choice of the appropriate measurement sites may vary depending on the specific circumstances of the patient. The choice of the appropriate technique in any given clinical circumstance should be based on the strength and limitations of the different techniques.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

[Routine examinations in the densitometry department].

The authors describe observations on the basis of the high number of patients at their osteodensitometry clinic. They found that in ankylosing spondylitis vertebral osteodensity would not be practical to be taken into account for estimating osteopenia. They suggest the "slicing" method of the 4th lumbar vertebra, taking into consideration the middle slice only. The second part of their study proved that daughters of their patients, suffering from osteoporosis with fractured vertebra, had significantly lower osteodensity as compared with the age and menstrual cycle-matched controls.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

Single photon bone densitometry in multiple myeloma.

The study was performed in 45 patients with multiple myeloma. There was found significant correlation between diminished bone mineral density of forearm and duration of the disease. No correlation between bone mineral density and biochemical markers of osteolysis (pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in urine) and serum levels of cytokines was found.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gamma-ray densitometry in the analysis of hemodynamic function.

An instrument has been developed to record contrast dilution curves by a noninvasive technique. Transthoracic roentgen density alterations are recorded by use of a solid state radiation detector array. A small amount of injected nonradioactive, radiopaque contrast material is distrubuted throughout the central circulation. The detector array positioned over the cardiopulmonary silhouette, records changes in density during the passage of the contrast material, and typical indicator dilution curves are transcribed. These curves reflect changes in blood flow distribution, vascular volume, cardiac function, and intrathoracic vascular shunts; and define the hemodynamic status of the circulatory system.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2000

[Bone densitometry].

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Absorptiometry, Photon↗