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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[No X-chromosome linked juvenile foveal retinoschisis].

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical characteristics of two cases of juvenile foveal retinoschisis in women with an atypical hereditary pattern, no X-chromosome linked. An autosomal recessive inheritance is proposed. METHODS: Two generations of a family (5 members) in which only two sisters were evaluated. The complete examination of these two cases includes retinography, fluorescein angiography, automated perimetry, color vision testing, electroretinogram, electrooculogram and visually evoked potentials. RESULTS: Comparing our cases with the classic form of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, they are less severely affected. The best visual acuity and the less disturbed or even normal electroretinogram confirm this fact. We emphasise the existence of isolated plaques of retinal pigment epithelium atrophy with perivascular pigment clumps without foveal schisis in one patient, which could represent an evolved form of this entity. CONCLUSIONS: The hereditary foveal juvenile retinoschisis in women suggests an autosomal inheritance (autosomal recessive in our cases) and presents less severe involvement (Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2002; 77: 443-448).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Are ethnic differences in the F-M 100 scores related to macular pigmentation?

BACKGROUND: It is known that the macular pigment can significantly affect colour matching and other aspects of colour vision tests. The difference in macular pigmentation between Asians and Caucasians may lead to different colour discrimination. METHODS: This study compared chromatic discrimination between Asians and Caucasians using the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test. Fifty Asians who were ethnically Chinese and 50 Caucasians served as subjects, ranging in age from 30 to 59 years. RESULTS: The partial blue-yellow square root error score of the Asian subjects was significantly higher than that of the Caucasian subjects (p = 0.022) and the difference appeared to increase with age. DISCUSSION: There was a difference in the F-M 100 scores between the two groups. The difference was confined in the blue-yellow region, producing a tritan-like bias for the Asian group in the test.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[The vision of welders in France].

PURPOSE: A study was conducted to measure the impact of welding on the vision of welders. METHODOLOGY: This study was conducted in France by the occupational medicine staff of large companies on 1.131 people, namely 850 welders and 281 control subjects. This investigation included two examinations at the beginning and the end of a year. The investigative procedure examined the different welding processes, the percentage of working time spent on welding activity, the length of exposure in years, as well as the medical variables: the optical correction type and history of ocular traumatology. The Visiotest or the Ergovision were used for the visual examination, equipment in common use by occupational medicine departments. RESULTS: The welders were comparatively young (59.53% of them were less than 45 years old). Moreover, for 69.75% of the welders, more than 75% of their activity was devoted to welding. All currently used welding processes were represented, including the modern PLASMA-TIG welding process. No excessive blood alcohol levels were observed in all subjects, but welders did smoke slightly more than the control subjects (40% vs 33%). Self-medication was rather less frequent among the welders, except as regards the use of eye drops, where the proportions were clearly inverted. Optical correction for hyperopia was similar between the two groups; however, as regards myopia, the welders were corrected less often. Lastly, contact lens use was exceptional among the welders. Nearsightedness varied logically with age, but also, inexplicably, with the welding processes. Vision recovery time after exposure to glare was much longer among the welders, except for the PLASMA-TIG processes. No difference was observed in the other parameters of the study. No change in the visual functions studied was noted between the two examinations. DISCUSSION: The examination techniques used showed no impairment of the studied visual functions, probably because companies use protective and preventive eye care methods. Moreover this study is the first to examine the type of welding used by workers and particularly the modern PLASMA-TIG process. The vision recovery time after exposure to glare seems better for the PLASMA-TIG process may be the result of the lower luminous intensity of this process. CONCLUSION: This study was conducted for preventive purposes to contribute to better monitoring of safety and comfort for welding workers and has shown no alteration of the visual function among welders in general.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed2003

[Diagnosis and treatment of 23 cases with rhabdomyolysis related acute renal failure].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence rate, therapeutic effect and prognosis of rhabdomyolysis related acute renal failure(RM-ARF). METHODS: Twenty-three patients were investigated, 17 male and 6 female, mean age was (38.00+/-17.13) years. The blood samples of 23 patients were analyzed, using a series of serum creatine phosphokinases (CPK) and L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and biochemical detection items, including serum myoglobin, serum electrolytes (Na(+), K(+), Cl(-), Ca(2+), P(3+), HCO(-3)), liver and renal function, serum albumin, uric acid, hemoglobulin, arterial blood-gas analysis, the results of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) etc. Three patients were undergone renal biopsy and immunohistological En Vision test of renal tubular myoglobin deposits. RESULTS: The occurrence rate of RM-ARF was 5.96% of all ARF patients. Serum CPK level and some electrolytes increased significantly. Renal pathology indicated acute tubular necrosis in 3 patients with all positive immunohistological results of myoglobin. Eight patients had muscular injury without muscular biopsy identified, that extrarenal hemopurification as hemodialysis(HD), continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), continuous venous venous hemofiltration (CVVH) were examined in 18 patients. After treatment, the mortality rate of RM-ARF was about 34.78%(8/23), the rest patients survived and 12 patients recovered with normal renal function. CONCLUSION: The most pathogenesis of RM are not traumatic. The test of CPK level and some biochemical detection items is an effective way to raise the diagnosis rate. Renal biopsy can make the diagnosis of RM-ARF in early stage, and improve the prognosis, lower the mortality rate.

Acute Kidney Injury↗