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A comparison of dummy variable versus traditional multiple discriminant function analysis.

The authors compare the use of dummy variable and traditional multiple discriminant function analysis when dealing with research questions where ratio or nominal scale independent variables can be used. A healthcare-related example of using dv MDF is given and the authors conclude that it is superior to traditional MDF for determining variable importance and developing market segment profiles.

Analysis of Variance↗

The influence of older consumers' information search activities on their use of health care innovations.

Research has yet to consider the relationship between the older consumers' information search and their use of health care innovations, despite suggestions that such a characterization may prove useful to marketing practitioners. In this investigation of a national sample of autonomous elderly consumers, distinct patterns of information search behavior are observed which distinguish adopters from nonusers of a pair of health care innovations. Implications for marketing health care innovations are discussed.

Aged↗

Small rural hospitals: an example of market segmentation analysis.

In recent years, market segmentation analysis has shown increased popularity among health care marketers, although marketers tend to focus upon hospitals as sellers. The present analysis suggests that there is merit to viewing hospitals as a market of consumers. Employing a random sample of 741 small rural hospitals, the present investigation sought to determine, through the use of segmentation analysis, the variables associated with hospital success (occupancy). The results of a discriminant analysis yielded a model which classifies hospitals with a high degree of predictive accuracy. Successful hospitals have more beds and employees, and are generally larger and have more resources. However, there was no significant relationship between organizational success and number of services offered by the institution.

Bed Occupancy↗

Enhancing the usefulness of quadrant analysis in hospitals: a marriage with discriminant analysis.

This paper first looks at traditional quadrant analysis as used in contemporary research. Next, we show an extension to include multiple brands on the same quadrant chart--again consistent with current practice. Then, multiple discriminant analysis results are merged with the quadrant chart data. This makes the resultant chart even more actionable. While the example uses health care data, the methods outlined can be used in other segments of the service industry, as well as for more tangible products. The only limit is the researcher's imagination.

Consumer Behavior↗

Quality and costs of supported living residences and group homes in the United Kingdom.

Information was collected on 63 adults in supported living residences, 55 adults in small group homes, and 152 adults in large group homes. Results indicated that (a) there were no statistically significant differences in service costs once these had been adjusted to take account of participant characteristics; (b) compared with participants living in small group homes, those in supported living residences had greater choice, participated in more community-based activities, experienced fewer scheduled activities, were more likely to have had their home vandalized, and were considered at greater risk of exploitation; (c) compared with participants living in large group homes, those in small group homes had larger social networks, more people in their social networks who were not staff, not family, and did not have mental retardation. These residents were considered at less risk of abuse.

Adult↗

[Neurosyphilis mortality in a psychiatric hospital over a 50-year period].

Through information gathered at the statistical and medical register service it was done a descriptive study of some epidemiologic aspects of neurosyphilis at the Juliano Moreira Hospital (Bahia) in a period of 50 years (1930 - 1979). Coeficients of specific mortality were stablished . The distribution of the disease was analyzed according to sex, diagnosis in relation to the year, decades and periods before and after penicilinotherapy . Based on the results it is possible to conclude that: neurosyphilis has a cyclic character in epidemiologic level; women are more resistant or less exposed to the disease; males are more often affected; with the penicilinotherapy it was observed a progressive decrease of mortality; the last death caused by neurosyphilis at the Juliano Moreira Hospital occurred in 1971.

Brazil↗

[Public health and mental health: methodological tools to evaluate the Brazilian Network of Referral Centers for Psycho-Social Care (CAPS) in the Brazilian Unified Health System].

This article presents a preliminary discussion of potential methodological tools for qualitative research on the Network of Referral Centers for Psycho-Social Care (CAPS) in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). The relevance of mental health within the field of public health is examined. The study focuses on the high prevalence of mental disorders and the disproportionate lack of studies on the interface between mental health and public health. The establishment of an interdisciplinary field between public health and mental health is proposed to meet common needs by achieving similar perspectives in knowledge and practice. A particular group of tools is proposed, emphasizing the importance of reclaiming and guaranteeing the roles of various social actors to shape the assessment process, the need for collecting and standardizing academic studies on the topic, and the importance of promoting a new research field focusing on public health policies to support policymakers, managers, and health teams in reshaping their practices.

Brazil↗

[Stress among emergency unit nurses].

Stress is clearly present in nursing work. This article presents an exploratory study carried out among emergency unit nurses from hospital institutions, and aimed at determining these professionals' stress level. The sample consisted of 73 emergency unit nurses who work for public and private institutions in the city of São Paulo. The data was collected through a structured questionnaire. The results indicated that emergency unit nurses present a medium stress level, and that participants considered E--Work Conditions to perform nursing activities, and F - Activities related to personnel administration, as the most stressful areas. For emergency unit nurses, in spite of the ready and effective action towards the instability of the patient's situation, conditions external to this situation are more stressful than the emergency. Hospitals need to analyze these requisites to allow for decreased stress among emergency nurses.

Brazil↗

[Impact on hospital days of care due to unnecessary emergency admissions].

BACKGROUND: Unnecessary admissions of acute cases have major impacts on hospital efficiency and organization. This study is aimed to identify percentage of unnecessary admissions from a hospital emergency department and the reasons why, as well as to quantify the unnecessary hospital days of care generated by these admissions. METHODS: It has been analyzed the appropriateness of 622 admissions made in 2002, selected at random, all of the hospital stays generated by the inappropriate admissions and a representative sample of the appropriate admissions of a second-level hospital in Asturias. The review tool was the Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol. A descriptive analysis, a bivariate analysis and a multivariate logic regression analysis were made. RESULTS: A total of 63 admissions (10.1%) were judged inappropriate. The main cause of inappropriateness were admissions for performing diagnostic tests and/or treatments, which could be carried out on an outpatient basis. These unnecessary admissions generated 78.2% of unnecessary stays, and the appropriate admissions generated 24.8% of unnecessary stays. Referrals to hospital emergency rooms from physicians outside of the hospital proper heightened the risk of unnecessary admissions (OR:4.50, 95% CI: 1.59-12.76), daytime admissions (OR: 13.97, 95% CI: 1.86-104.76) or evening admissions (OR: 7.70, 95% CI: 1.01-58.72), admissions to cardiology wards (OR: 3.93, 95% CI: 1.22-12.70) and neurology wards (OR: 5.86, 95% CI: 1.88-18.30), the experience of prior admissions having lowered the risk of unnecessary admission (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.18-0.65). CONCLUSIONS: Unnecessary admissions generate three times more inappropriate stays than the necessary admissions. Hospital organization-related problems are the main cause of inappropriate admissions.

Adolescent↗

Summarising data.

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Family Planning Services↗

Prevalence of prior hysterectomy in the Seattle-Tacoma area.

Hysterectomy is the most common major surgical procedure performed in the United States. The frequency of hysterectomy among women in the general population is of interest because it affects the population at risk for uterine diseases and because the procedure itself carries significant personal and socioeconomic consequences. We studied factors related to the occurrence of hysterectomy by interviewing a representative sample of women ages 35-74 (n= 1087) in two urban Washington counties during 1976-1977.One-third of the women studied had had a hysterectomy. Later birth cohorts were at higher risk. The ageadjusted prevalence of prior hysterectomy was negatively associated with education and age at first childbirth; it was positively associated with parity, history of irregular menses, and history of a variety of other health conditions. Contrary to expectation, income was negatively associated with hysterectomy rates in one county and showed no association in the other. Part of the income effect was due to confounding by age at first childbirth, which was a surprisingly strong predictive factor. WE CONCLUDE THAT: 1) despite economic predictions based on the discretionary nature of the procedure, hysterectomies are not necessarily more common among high-income women; 2) age at first childbirth may be a more important risk factor for uterine disease than previously thought; and 3) estimates of hysterectomy frequency based on clinic populations may be misleading. (Am J Public Health 70:40-47, 1980.)

Adult↗