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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Problem of provocation of the first epileptic attacks and epileptic reactions].

Out of 600 patients who referred to the epilepsy specialist for epileptic seizures that occurred for the first time, 129 developed the first paroxysms in response to different provoking factors. In 59 cases, those factors were estimated as extreme whereas in 29 patients, they precipitated single epileptic paroxysms. In view of this circumstance, the incidence of so-called epileptic reactions diagnosed in 21 patients is under discussion. In the author's opinion, the latter ones may be divided into genuine and complicated reactions, being mainly an intermediate stage toward the epileptic syndrome. The genuine epileptic reactions occur very rarely, they were only recorded in 6 patients. Recommendations are given for the policy of management and treatment of patients with epileptic reactions that occurred for the first time bearing in mind the individual characteristics of the pathology, the patient's personality traits and environmental conditions. The course of the epileptic process that occurred in the form of provoked paroxysms was shown to be much more favourable as compared to that seen in spontaneous seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Cytotoxic activity of blood serum in borderline conditions].

A study was made of cytotoxic activity of blood serum from 118 patients with borderline neuropsychic disorders (neurotic depression, neurosis, psychopathy, pathologic development of the personality on the basis of organic injury to the brain). Material of 114 mentally and somatically healthy donors served as control. Balb mouse thymocytes and organ culture of the rat brain were employed as test objects. ++Anti-thymus activity (ATA) was measured according to the cytotoxic index, whereas neurotoxic activity (NTA) by inhibition of 3H-cholesterol incorporation. The patients and donors groups differed by distribution of persons with high and low values of NTA and ATA. However, according to the mean level of blood serum cytotoxic activity such a difference was revealed only in respect to NTA. The determined parameters are related in a different way to the patient's age and similarly to the disease standing. The intensity of ATA and NTA was different in different nosological subgroups. An interrelationship was established between the clinical and biological dynamics, supporting a possibility of the use of the given tests as predictors of the therapeutic efficacy and the depth of homeostasis derangement.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Ovarian myxoma: clinicopathologic and immunocytologic analysis of five cases and a review of the literature.

The clinical and pathological features of five personally observed ovarian myxomas and three similar tumors previously described in the literature are analyzed. The patients' ages ranged from 16 to 45 years (mean, 33 years). An asymptomatic unilateral adnexal mass was the usual presentation. The tumors were 5 to 22 cm (mean, 11 cm) in greatest diameter, intraovarian, solid, and cystic, and they were occasionally blood-filled. None had ruptured. The intercellular matrix contained abundant hyaluronic acid in each of the five personally observed cases. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for vimentin and usually for actin, but not for desmin, S100-protein, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament, Leu-7, epithelial membrane antigen, keratin (AE1/3, CAM5.2, MAK6), or factor VIII-related antigen, and did not bind Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1. Vascularity was a notable feature on microscopic examination. All the patients were treated by a surgical procedure alone, usually a conservative operation, and none of the five tumors with a follow-up period of 1 to 13 years (mean, 5 years) recurred. The ovarian myxoma is a distinctive type of ovarian neoplasm that should be distinguished from massive edema, edematous fibroma, and myxoid sarcomas.

Actins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[AIDS and its manifestations in gingival and periodontal tissue].

In 1981 AIDS acquired a lot importance, observing opportunist infections, not common malignant lesion and abnormalities in the immune system which develops in mysterious ways in healthy persons apparently or without pathologic background. The medical and scientific community respond immediately with intensive research to find the cause, prevention and treatment. The Journal American Medical Society is one of the principal sources to inform about AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of lithiasis of the common bile duct: our experience].

On the basis of their personal experience of biliary pathology, the authors present their opinion of surgical treatment of benign diseases of the common bile duct. From 1980 to 1988 a total of 930 patients were assessed, 140 of whom were affected by choledocholithiasis. Data confirmed that, with the exception of choledochotomy as a direct approach for removing stones, good results were achieved using papillosphincterotomy, since this technique best restores the physiology of the biliary tract. In cases where common duct dilation exceeded 20 mm or where the patient was in poor clinical condition, bile was drained into the gut forming a side-to-side choledochoduodenostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Status of the peripheral circulation in patients with ischemic heart disease with the tachysystolic form of atrial fibrillation according to data of bipolar rheovasography].

In order to analyze peripheral circulation in coronary disease (CD) patients with tachysystolic atrial fibrillation (TAF), as many as 108 patients were examined. Based on the magnitudes of the cardiac index and the pressure of left ventricle filling the patients were distributed into 5 groups depending on the variant (hypovolemic, hypokinetic, hypervolemic, normokinetic, and hyperkinetic) of the TAF dynamics. Twenty-two CD patients with sinus tachycardia and 28 persons without any cardiovascular pathology were also examined. All the examinees were exposed to longitudinal bipolar rheovasography (RVG) of the legs. The most pronounced changes in the blood flow in the lower limbs manifested by the lowest magnitudes of the pulse blood content, circulation intensity, velocity of the systolic inflow, and the highest tone of the peripheral arteries were recorded in patients with the hypovolemic and hypokinetic patterns of the TAF hemodynamics. The peripheral circulatory disorders correlated well with the degree of circulatory failure and with the incidence of the clinical manifestations of microcirculatory abnormalities. At the same time the RVG readings in patients with the hyperkinetic, normokinetic, and hypervolemic variants of the hemodynamics and in those with sinus tachycardia appeared to be similar. The relationship was also established between the time of pulse wave spreading and the degree of circulatory failure, atherosclerosis of the peripheral arteries and the degree of the reduction in stroke volumes because of variations in the duration of cardiac cycles. Antiarrhythmic treatment favoured the improvement of the RVG readings both in cases where the rhythm became rarer and where the sinus rhythm got recovered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Atrial Fibrillation↗
PubMed1986

Aplastic crisis and erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) revealing a hereditary spherocytosis in a familial human parvovirus infection.

We report two clinical observations on a father and son, who both presented an aplastic crisis at the same time during a human parvovirus (HPV) infection. This erythroblastopenia revealed hereditary spherocytosis in both patients. The son also had a clinical status of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). This data shows that HPV may be responsible for these two different pathologies in the same person.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Normal indices of left ventricular function assessed by using computer technology].

While analysing ventriculograms of 18 persons without any cardiovascular pathology 3 "independent" research workers (to exclude a subjective factor in the appraisal of the left ventricle contours) have developed normal indicators of the total and regional contractility of the left ventricle. The data obtained with the use of angiographic and computer-aided techniques of the recent generation and machine analysis employing unpaired statistics can be recommended for application as normal indicators during the performance of different hemodynamic studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The interplay between pathological organizations and the paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions.

I have presented clinical material to illustrate how a pathological organization can be considered to exist in an equilibrium with the paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions. While making use of paranoid-schizoid mechanisms such as primitive splitting and projective identification, the defensive structure is highly organized and held together by narcissistic intrapsychic relationships in which perverse gratification plays an important role. This organization of defences seems to be designed to produce a place of real or illusionary safety from the anxieties experienced in the other two positions. All individuals fluctuate in the defences they employ and hence can be thought of as moving between these organizations and the other two positions. They consequently demonstrate some evidence of paranoid-schizoid level function and also of the existence of pathological organizations even if they may function in a relatively mature way at other times and in other settings. In some patients however the pathological organization dominates the personality and leads to analyses which become fixed and stuck. It is argued that a recognition of these organizations of defences enables the analyst to orient himself more accurately to the clinical material and hence to address himself to the patient at a level he can understand.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical picture and development of transsexualism].

The results of a clinical study of 33 patients with transsexualism (TS) have shown that TS is a pathological state of the person whose essence lies in the polar discrepancy of the biological sex with the forming psychic sex. It can be described as a true inversion of sexual identification and orientation. The formation of TS has been found to have a regular pattern. Four types of TS development have been identified. It has been shown that TS predisposes toward a high risk of suicidal behavior. It is suggested that the development of TS may be evaluated as autochthonous.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Bettolepsy (cough-cerebral syndrome) in the clinical picture of occupational diseases].

The paper is concerned with the experience in a follow up and treatment of patients with the syndrome of betolepsy among persons with occupational lung pathology. The main links in pathogenesis of the cerebrocoughing syndrome were described. A case of a 7-year follow up and treatment of a patient with the syndrome of betolepsy was cited by way of example. Practical recommendations for the treatment of patients with the syndrome of betolepsy and the prevention of loss of consciousness are presented.

Cough↗
PubMed1986

[Behavior disorders in children with mental retardation (data of an epidemiologic study)].

An epidemiological examination of mentally retarded children aged 8-14 years revealed behavioural deviations hindering the patients' adaptation in 31.8%. Behavioural disorders were due to the psychopathy-like syndrome of organic genesis in one group of patients and psychogenic pathological formation of the personality in another. Apart from this, hyperdynamic syndrome (other than psychopathy-like) and neurosis-like disturbances were also attended by behavioural disorders. Among children who had been left without parents from early childhood behavioural difficulties were observed two times more frequently than among children brought up in families, including the so-called difficult families. A total of 66% of mentally-retarded children were either once or repeatedly hospitalized in psychiatric institutions, mainly, in connection with an insufficient correction of behavioural deviations at auxiliary and boarding schools.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Stages and systematics of psychopathies and psychopath-like disorders of a non-psychotic nature in adolescents (multi-year study)].

A long-term study covered 121 adolescents with psychopathies and psychopathy-like disturbances. A stable level of social adaptation was ascertained in 83.3% of the adolescents with acute affective reactions, in 69.6% of the adolescents with a pathocharacterological development and reactions, in 14.3% of the patients with a psychogenic pathological formation of the personality, in 13.2% of the patients with psychopathies and in 42.9% of the patients with psychopathy-like disorders of exogenic-organic genesis. The following stages of depsychopathization were specified: adaptive transformation, effacement, depsychopathization as a result and clinical recovery. A multiaxial classification of the studied disturbances is proposed. Apart from the traditional nosological and syndromological characteristics, it reflects pathocharacterological peculiarities, the stages of the time-course of psychic disorders and the degree of social adaptation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

[Changes in the spectral power of the EEG in alcoholics during presentation of stimuli of different semantic modality].

Using bipolar registration of the EEG from two symmetrical temporal leads in 50 alcoholic patients and 20 normal subjects, the authors examined changes in the spectral power (SP) of the EEG in a range of 0.5-32 Hz in response to the presentation of 6 series of visual stimuli different by semantic modality. It was found that stimuli of an alcoholic nature induced in the patients the maximum increase in SP parameters and led to a change in the SP-dominant hemisphere. In contrast, the controls showed augmentation of SP in response to stimuli of food and sex modality without changes in lateralization. A conclusion is drawn about the dependence of SP parameters on the hierarchy of the individual requirements. From the standpoint of concepts about the pathological development of the personality, the authors analyze the qualitative features of EEG responses in alcoholics toward specific stimuli.

Adult↗