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Results for “Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral”

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PubMed1987

[Olfactory esthesioneuroma. Clinical description and therapeutic results apropos of 45 cases observed at the Gustave Roussy Institute from 1956 to 1986].

Olfactory esthesioneuroma is a rare malignant nerve tumour of the nasal fossa, generally developing from the olfactory epithelium, 45 cases seen at the Gustave-Roussy Institute between 1956 and 1986 are studied. From a clinical standpoint, this tumour usually progresses slowly and essentially locally, but it is important to be aware of the possibility of a rapid progression with diffuse bone metastases. The diagnosis, borne in mind of the presence of any tumor of the upper part of the nasal fossa, is based upon histo-pathological examination. It has benefitted from the use of new indicators. The role of CAT scan in the evaluation of spread is confirmed in the present series. Treatment is based above all on surgical excision followed by radiotherapy (the neurosurgical approach being of a certain value). The prognosis of these malignant tumors is similar to that of adenocarcinomas of the ethmoid and better than that of squamous carcinomas of the facial bone structure. The role of chemotherapy is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Intraocular neoplasms induced by methylazoxymethanol acetate in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes).

Intraocular neoplasms developed in the Japanese medaka, a small fish species, following a single brief exposure to methylazoxymethanol acetate [(MAM-Ac) CAS: 592-62-1]. Specimens 6-10 days old were exposed to doses of MAM-Ac up to 100 mg/liter for 2 hours and then transferred to carcinogen-free water for "grow-out." Of 218 exposed fish examined, 98 (45%) had neoplastic lesions in various stages of development. Of those exposed to 30 mg/liter or more, 57% had the lesions. No lesions were found in eyes or other tissues of 95 control specimens. Early and advanced neoplastic lesions were recognized. Early lesions were characterized by complexes of neoplastic retinal epithelium and tubes that consisted of cells of the sensory retina. Areas of mitotically active, heterogeneous cells associated with such complexes gave rise to advanced neoplasms. We considered the advanced neoplasms to be medulloepitheliomas, which differentiated into three principal cellular patterns: 1) solid masses of unpigmented cells, which frequently showed photoreceptor differentiation as well as ductular formation; 2) heavily pigmented cuboidal to columnar cells resembling retinal epithelium that formed adenomatous patterns; and 3) teratoid medulloepitheliomas. Teratoid medulloepitheliomas, which we considered the most advanced and malignant lesions, consisted of heterogeneous, highly mitotic, invasive cells and contained heteroplastic elements including striated muscle, undifferentiated mesenchymal tissues, and hyaline cartilage. We suggest that MAM-Ac induces hyperplasia of retinal cells followed by establishment of aberrant growth zones containing miscoded cells that give rise to medulloepitheliomas.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Olfactory neuroblastoma: an immuno-electron microscopic study of S-100 protein-positive cells.

An immuno-electron microscopic study performed by a pre-embedding peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique revealed S-100 protein reactivity in the cytoplasm and connecting processes of marginal cells of olfactory neuroblastomas. The overlapping cytoplasmic processes of S-100 immunoreactive cells completely surrounded the main membrane-bound granule-bearing tumor cells forming a continuous interface between those tumor cells and fibrous connective tissue. The S-100 immunoreactivity was also observed in the cytoplasm and processes on non-membrane-bound granule-bearing tumor cells within the tumor nodule. The tumor cell nodules and isolated tumor cells were completely surrounded by basement membrane material stainable with anti-laminin antiserum. It appears that the membrane-bound granule-bearing tumor cells of olfactory neuroblastoma are partitioned by basement membrane of S-100 protein-reactive cells and their processes. No S-100 protein-reactive cells were observed within the olfactory epithelium of the two patients with olfactory neuroblastoma. To determine a possible origin of S-100 protein-positive cells, normal olfactory epithelium from six adult patients at autopsy was studied for S-100 reactivity. There were no S-100 protein-positive cells within the normal olfactory epithelium. We discuss the evidence for considering olfactory neuroblastoma a variant of paraganglioma.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Uveal melanoma and similar lesions: the role of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography.

The uvea provides a suitable substrate for tumor cells because it is the most vascular portion of the eye. Most primary and metastatic ocular neoplasms involve the choroid, with the most common being malignant melanoma. We review the features of uveal melanomas seen on MRI and CT images and evaluate certain neoplastic and non-neoplastic intraocular lesions that may simulate uveal melanomas.

Choroid Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1987

Malignant teratoid medulloepithelioma in a horse.

Enlargement of the left eye, corneal opacification, and blindness were clinical signs of a teratoid medulloepithelioma in a 5-year-old Standardbred mare. Diagnosis was made on histologic examination of the enucleated eye. Medulloepitheliomas are congenital intraocular tumors arising from primitive ciliary body epithelium. Their development is rare in domestic animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Esthesioneuroblastoma of the nose in a child].

A rare case of nasal esthesioneuroblastoma in a 5-year-old child is described. The tumor involved the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses, destroyed superior compartments of nasal septum and medial wall of left orbit. In spite of the advanced process, there were hardly any clinical manifestations. Radical surgery with tumor excision and electroresection of the upper maxilla was effective. No tumor recurrence was found in a 2-year follow-up.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: a distinctive and highly aggressive neoplasm.

Eleven cases of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma were treated between 1975 and 1986. This distinctive neoplasm involved the orbital cavity in 6 of 11 patients (55%) and the cranial cavity in 7 of 11 patients (64%) at the time of presentation. Of the eight patients (73%) who died of disease, six died within 13 months after the diagnosis. One patient has no evidence of disease 10 months after therapy, and two are alive with disease after 15 and 22 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Neuroendocrine tumor of the nasal cavity (esthesioneuroblastoma). Apropos of a case with paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome].

Presentation of a 48-y old woman who developed a neuroendocrine tumor of the nasal cavities. This lesion progressed rapidly despite an extensive resection and repeated chemotherapy. The patient refused radiotherapy. Before her death, 28 months later, she exhibited a paraneoplastic Cushing-like syndrome. At autopsy, restricted to the brain, there was a 5 cm diameter tumor invading the frontal area without alteration of the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland. Routine histology and electron microscopy confirmed the neuroendocrine nature of the tumor. Immunohistochemistry revealed the tumor to be positive only for neurone specific enolase, negative for S-100 protein, neurofilament and ACTH. The pituitary gland was positive for most usual hormones (GH, PRL, TSH, LH, FSH) but only few cells were slightly positive for ACTH. Many Crooke cells were observed. These findings suggest that the tumor secreted an ACTH-like substance (not detected actually by immunochemistry) that stimulated the activity of the adrenal cortex but inhibited normal production of ACTH at the pituitary gland level.

ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic↗
PubMed1987

[Teratoid diktyoma of the eye].

This rarely encountered ocular tumor, observed in a girl aged 9 years, was derived from an undifferentiated embryonal retina and bore structural resemblance to the primordial retina of the optical vesicle. The tumor contained tissues and structures extraneous to the eye and was therefore classified as teratoid medulloepithelioma.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Investigation into the pharmacodynamics of the carcinogen N-nitrodimethylamine.

N-Nitrodimethylamine (NTDMA) was found to be a carcinogen of the nasal mucosa leading to aesthesioneuroepitheliomas in BDVI rats. N-Nitromethylamine (NTMA), a product of the oxidative metabolism of NTDMA, was also carcinogenic, leading to neurogenic tumours of the lumbar region of the spine. The 100,000 X g supernatant of both liver and nasal mucosa contains an enzyme capable of reducing NTDMA to N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). In the microsomal fraction of both organs, NTDMA is oxidized to formaldehyde. The fractions from nasal mucosa have a higher capacity than the corresponding liver fractions to both oxidize and reduce NTDMA. NDMA was detected in blood and urine from rats treated with NTDMA. The elimination of NTDMA from blood occurs biphasically, with an initial half-life of 3.5 min.

Anaerobiosis↗