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PubMed2002

Hospital waste management and it's probable health effect: a lesson learned from Bangladesh.

A study was conducted to evaluate the current status of hospital waste management (HWM) in Bangladesh. The aim is to recognize the health effect of the existing practice, to determine the awareness level of doctors and nurses about hospital waste, to identify the weaknesses, and to provide suggestions for improvement. Hospital staff, waste pickers, and local residents were interviewed while in depth field observation, which included sample collection and laboratory analysis was also conducted. Through this investigation, it has been quite evident that a satisfactory hospital waste management system in government hospitals and several private clinics is severely lacking. At present, Bangladesh has no rigorous laws or regulation, which are enforced in this area. The waste is generally dumped together in a public place such as the hospital surroundings, the roadside or City Corporation dustbin. Many doctors and nurses are not fully aware about what constitutes as medical waste. Health care workers have only a basic understanding of health care and do not perceive handling or disposal of medial waste as a hazardous work. Laboratory analysis shows existing contamination of infectious agents in the environment. Some staff members interviewed were suffering from various kinds of infectious diseases such as viral hepatitis B/C, typhoid, skin disease/allergy, diarrhea, dysentery, tuberculosis, and malaria. During field observation it was discovered that improved HWM systems have only recently been introduced in a small number of private hospitals and clinics, some of which could be used as references to formulate guidelines for reaching the optimal at the national level. The study indicates that there is a need to improve the handling and disposal methods of hospital waste in almost all the available medical facilities. There are a few NGOs that have started awareness building and training on waste management for selected hospital staff and NGO officials. Based on the analysis of the situation, several suggestions and recommendations have been made to aid in the development of a waste management system.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1983

[The legal basis of waste disposal].

Since 1969 environmental protection has been regarded as a high-ranking political concern. The Waste Disposal Act of 1972 laid the foundations for complete and proper disposal of all waste from the aspect of administration and planning. In 1974 three decrees were promulgted: - decree for waste transportation - decree for waste identification - decree for waste importation. In 1977 the Act was amended after a series of scandals related to poisonous refuse made tighter controls for special refuse, such as dangerous industrial waste, necessary. The Federal Government has detailed these types of waste in the Waste Specification Decree of 24th May, 1977. Included are waste materials from certain hospitals and clinics. Subsequent to the ammendment of 1977, the decree on the appointment of a factory agent for waste disposal problems was enacted (26th October 1977). This decree was intended to improve the internal facilities for waste disposal in factories. In 1982 the Parliament voted a second ammendment to the Waste Disposal Act which, among other things, provided for a certain easing in the supervision of the transportation of relatively harmless waste material. Important legal fundamentals for waste disposal are also contained in the following acts: - High-sea waste discharge Act - Waste oil Act - Carcass disposal Act. As the implementation of the Act falls under the responsibility of the Federal States, the competences and waste disposal planning are regulated in the legal provisions and decrees of the Federal States.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Environmental Pollution↗