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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Morphometry of the small pulmonary arteries in man.

From a resin cast of a normal pulmonary arterial tree, the diameter, length, and number of branches in each order were determined for arteries from 25 to 300 micrometer in diameter. Histological sections 120-micrometer thick were cut from a normal human lung in which the pulmonary artery had been injected with a mixture of ink and gelatin. Similar measurements were made on arteries from 10 to 70 micrometer in diameter, and the mode of origin of the capillaries was studied. The data thus obtained were found to correspond reasonably well to values previously estimated by extrapolation from data for arteries of 100 micrometer or more in diameter. The branching rules apply down to arteries of about 10-15 micrometer in diameter, the estimated number of which is 73 million. Distal to these vessels, capillaries arise either directly from small arteries or indirectly via precapillaries which are given off in great numbers and diverse patterns from the small arteries

Capillaries↗
PubMed1978

Humoral immune response to infection with Encephalitozoon cuniculi in rabbits.

Parenteral administration of Encephalitozoon cuniculi induced an antibody response within 7--11 days. Peroral administration was less effective since only 2 of 6 animals showed seroconversion; they became seropositive within 14--21 days. Sera from animals which became seropositive had high antibody titres during the whole test period. Immune sera from 3 animals were fractionated by gel filtration. With the india-ink immunoreaction test, antibodies to E. cuniculi were found only in the 7S fractions, while the indirect fluorescent-antibody test detected them in fractions 19S and 7S. The 7S fractions were identified as IgG and the 19S fractions as IgM. A program for eradication of encephalitozoonosis, based on these results, is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Perfusion of intercellular spaces in the pars distalis and their variation with time of day.

Microperfusion of the tissue parenchyma of regions of the rat pituitary gland with 1:1 dilutions of India ink revealed a network of fine intercellular spaces or canaliculi throughout the pars distalis. They were demonstrable in animals of all ages from 1-5 months to over 1 year, in both sexes, and at various times during the 24 h light-darkness cycle. However, 24 h rhythms were suggested in the radial perfusion distance (P LESS 0.05) and tissue density (P LESS 0.01) of the perfused canaliculi in adult male rats. The amplitude of the 24 h rhythmicity in these pituitary canaliculi was lower than that shown recently in pineal canaliculi of the same species. Structural regularity and evidence of rhythmic and physiologically correlated changes in the pituitary canaliculi suggest that they relate to natural features rather than being only artifactual, and that analysis of their possible functional significance is appropriate.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Techniques for histological reconstruction of brain stem recording sites.

The masseter muscle of Sprague-Dawley rats was injected with 10 mg of horseradish peroxidase. The electrical activity of the trigeminal motor nucleus was investigated 24-36 hours later using micropipettes filled with a 2.0 M NaCl-7% fast green FCF solution. A parallel series of penetrations at 200 micron intervals was made through the motor complex at known depths. The grid formed from these penetrations was reconstructed using the following techniques. Marks were made at known depths in one or more of the tracts by iontophoresing fast green from the microelectrode tip with a hyperpolarizing current of 10 muA for 10 minutes. To assure proper alignment of the tissue containing the green marks, two agar-India ink plugs were placed caudal and parallel to the recording sites. The frozen tissue was sectioned on a microtome, first through the agar plugs and then through the tissue containing the green marks. The tissue could be incubated for the peroxidase reaction product or stained for Nissl substance. These combined procedures offer a means to correlate the structure and function of brain stem nuclear groups.

Agar↗
PubMed1975

Effects of obstruction of cardiac lymphatics.

A study was undertaken in the dog to determine whether changes occurred in the lymphatics of the endocardium and myocardium of both ventricles after obstruction of the cardiac lymphatics. Other investigators have reported ventricular subendocardial hemorrhage, increased elastic and fibrous tissue in the left ventricle endocardium, and opacification of the mitral valve leaflets. In 14 experiments the ventricular walls were injected with India ink. The efferent cardiac lymphatics were followed to their termination in the cardiac lymph node or nodes. These nodes were excised, as were afferent and efferent lymphatic trunks. After 4 to 16 weeks, with the aid of extracorporeal circulation and oxygenation, biopsies were taken of the myocardium and endocardium of the ventricles of the beating heart. Six animals were used as control subjects. Grossly, there were no changes in the endocardium, myocardium, or valve leaflets. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated no fibrosis or elastosis, and no lymphatics were identifiable. We were unable to establish evidence of permanent changes as a result of obstruction of the lymphatics of the dog heart.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Temporary tattooing followed by Q-switched alexandrite laser for treatment of syringomas.

BACKGROUND: Syringomas usually develop in women as multiple skin-colored papules primarily seen on the periocular regions and cheeks. They can cause cosmetic problems and lead to poor self-esteem. Though several treatment modalities have been established, such as excision, electro/cryosurgery, chemical peeling, and CO2 laser surgery, none of them are satisfactory due to their limitations and side effects, for example, pain, prolonged healing time, postoperative erythema/pigmentary changes, and scarring. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop a new treatment method for syringoma and to minimize the side effects through selective destruction of the tumor. METHODS: Six patients with multiple periorbital syringomas were enrolled in this study. The surface epithelium of the syringomas was vaporized by CO2 laser, and black ink was introduced in order to allow penetration to the dermis using iontophoresis. Subsequently the artificial tattoos were removed by Q-switched alexandrite laser. The results were evaluated clinically by both physicians and patients at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: The majority of syringoma in the six patients disappeared by the first follow-up 1 week after treatment. There were no cases of prolonged erythema persisting beyond 2 weeks. Additional treatment was repeated in the same manner in order to remove the remaining syringomas in one patient. There were no recurrences during the 8-week follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Our new treatment was safer, less painful, nonscarring, and there was a quicker recovery period and less of a burden to repeat treatment when necessary.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health hazards of printmaking.

This chapter explores hazardous exposures and health effects related to agents used in printmaking, such as inks, solvents, acids, and photochemicals. Preventive methods are also briefly addressed.

Acids↗
PubMed1979

Toxicologic studies with sheep fed colored magazines and newsprint.

Paper containing colored inks from magazines and newspapers was fed as 23% of their ration to sheep for 175 days. A similar ration containing oat hulls in place of the paper was fed to control animals. The paper-fed animals consumed 29% more feed than the controls but the feed efficiency (kg animal weight gained/kg ration consumed) of the two rations was approximately equivalent. Lead contained in the paper accumulated in animal tissues. Hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase activity was several fold higher in the paper-fed animals than the controls. Histopathologic examination of liver and kidney using light and electron microscopy revealed no lesions attributable to diet.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2002

An unusual rubber stamp case.

Given a questioned document and a questioned pre-inked rubber stamp, comparisons of each can be made with a microscope or similar magnification device. If sufficient evidence exists, these questioned items can be linked even if the stamp was not used as it was originally designed.

California↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Medullary microcirculation in human primary and secondary myeloscloroses].

There are histological and experimental evidence for bone marrow microcirculation to play a role in histogenesis of myelosclerosis. Human sternal bone marrow microcirculation was studied after death using ink injection in two cases of primary myelofibrosis, two cases of secondary meylofibrosis (Hodgkin's disease) an one case of osteomyelosclerosis. Control material consisted of 30 previously studied normal human sternums. In all cases interadipocytic sinusoidal network has completely disappeared. Medullary vascularization is anarchic with a vascular and hypervascular areas. The significance of these modifications is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

An esoteric technique useful in the identification of unidentified remains from the examination of faded, illegible hospital identification wristbands.

A technique routinely used in the examination of questioned documents has been found to be of assistance when employed in the examination of faded and/or partially legible hospital identification wristbands found with unidentified remains (UIDs). A non-destructive test used predominately by forensic document examiners in the analysis of writing inks, handwritten alterations, and obliterations has proven useful throughout the years when confronted with this unusual type of documentary evidence. This discussion paper was prompted by the Tri-State Crematory disaster, Walker County, Georgia, from a request by investigators as to whether or not any information could be obtained from the examination of faded hospital identification wristbands where no information was readily discernable. Subsequent analysis by non-destructive infrared inspection, a standard technique used in the examination of questioned documents, proved useful in assisting with the identification of unidentified skeletal remains.

Forensic Anthropology↗
PubMed2003

The Assisi Chartula by the hand of Saint Francis: non-destructive characterization by spectroscopic spectrometric and optical methods.

Just two examples of writings by the hand of S. Francesco are known to exist: a letter to Brother Leone, kept in the archives of Spoleto cathedral and the Chartula, displayed in the Hall of Reliquaries at Assisi's Sacro Convento. For the first time in its history the Chartula has undergone a series of non-destructive analyses, with the object of establishing its current state of conservation and the types of inks used in its making. A new display case has been designed and built for the improved conservation of this precious document. The new housing substitutes an ancient case, which was located inside the original reliquary.

Famous Persons↗
PubMed1992

Arterial anatomy of the face: an analysis of vascular territories and perforating cutaneous vessels.

The cutaneous arterial circulation of the face and scalp was investigated by using multiple anatomic techniques in fresh cadaver specimens. Selective ink injections, dissection and measurement of latex-hardened perforators, and radiographic examination of transverse sections of barium-injected specimens defined 11 vascular territories of the face and scalp. Three distinct patterns of arterial vascularization were observed: (1) small, densely populated musculocutaneous perforating arteries supply the anterior face (facial, infraorbital arteries), (2) large, sparsely populated fasciocutaneous perforators that occur in predictable locations supply the lateral region of the face (branches of the transverse facial, submental, and zygomatico-orbital arteries), and (3) small, densely populated fasciocutaneous perforators supply the scalp (occipital, superficial temporal, and posterior auricular arteries). The locations of the perforation sites of the transverse facial, zygomatico-orbital, supratrochlear, supraorbital, and superficial temporal arteries may be predicted statistically within 2-cm limits with 95 percent certainty for individuals in the general population. The results of this study provide the anatomic framework to potentially revise or improve current reconstructive or aesthetic procedures on the face based on known arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Application of depth-analysis of confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy to chirography identification].

Depth analysis of confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy was applied to chirography identification. The result indicated that depth analysis has potential application to forensic science field, especially in longitudinal identification of ink and inkpad. No matter what the spatial distributions of the signature pen and inkpad are, confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy can longitudinally distinguish those spatial differences. All those suggested that confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy is a fast, simple, high sensitive and non-destructive technique.

Forensic Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracoronal sealing comparison of mineral trioxide aggregate and glass ionomer.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate and glass ionomer when placed coronally as double-sealing materials over gutta percha. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Seventy extracted anterior teeth were cleaned, shaped, and obturated with gutta percha and Sealapex. After removing 4 mm of coronal gutta percha, the teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups. In two experimental groups of 30 teeth each, 4 mm of either mineral trioxide aggregate or glass ionomer was placed in the chamber over gutta percha. A positive control group of 5 teeth received no barrier. A negative control group of 5 teeth was covered completely with sticky wax. All teeth, except the negative controls, were covered with 2 layers of sticky wax except for the access openings. Teeth were immersed in Pelikan ink for 48 hours, and then were decalcified, dehydrated, and cleared. Leakage into the canals was measured in millimeters and statistically analyzed between the two experimental groups using the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: Results showed that the glass ionomer group leaked significantly more than the mineral trioxide aggregate group (P < .001). CONCLUSION: It was concluded from this study that mineral trioxide aggregate may be preferred over glass ionomer as a seal intracoronally following root canal treatment to prevent coronal microleakage.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed1975

Phagocytic capability of the kidney: a possible mechanism for renal uptake of colloid in liver-spleen scanning.

Guinea pigs were given Trypan blue or India ink i.v. and i.m. to demonstrate whether proximal convoluted tubule cells of the normal kidney have potential phagocytic capability. Circulating colloidal particles of Trypan blue solution accumulated in these cells and the accumulation was related to the particle size, dose injection, and duration of experiment. These studies suggest an explanation for the clinical observation of renal visualization with 99mTc-sulfur colloid in patients with congestive heart failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The development of the uteroplacental vascular system in the golden hamster Mesocricetus auratus.

The development of the uteroplacental vasculature in the golden hamster was studied by vascular casting and India ink injection methods. The hamster placenta usually has three sets of uteroplacental arteries and its maternal segment is derived from the medial arterial division of the non-pregnant uterus. The maternal segment consists of the spiral artery in the endometrium and the vascular knot in the mesometrium. The spiral arteries start developing on Day 5, simultaneously with the endometrial decidual reaction of the mesometrial side. The chorioallantoic placenta of the golden hamster is the so-called labyrinthine haemochorial type. The formation of the haemochorial placenta begins as early as Day 7, when maternal blood drains into the uterine lumen to form the maternal blood space. In this space, the maternal blood starts flowing on Day 8 and a direct contact with the chorion containing fetal capillaries is achieved on Day 9. The labyrinthine feature, in which the direction of flow of the maternal and fetal blood is in opposite directions, is achieved on Day 10. This countercurrent system functions through the central arterial space, the fetal segment of the uteroplacental artery which leads the maternal blood to the antimesometrial surface of the labyrinth.

Animals↗