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Results for “INTESTINAL PARASITES”

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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

The intestinal parasite Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) from barbel as a bioindicator for metal pollution in the Danube River near Budapest, Hungary.

Concentrations of As, Al, Ag, Ba, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Tl, V and Zn were analyzed by inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the intestinal helminth Pomphorhynchus laevis and its host Barbus barbus. The fish were caught in the Danube river downstream of the city of Budapest (Hungary). Ten out of twenty one elements analyzed were found at higher concentrations in the acanthocephalan than in different tissues (muscle, intestine, liver and kidney) of barbel. Considering the fish tissues, most of the elements were present at highest concentrations in liver, followed by kidney, intestine and muscle. Spearman correlation analyses indicate that there is competition for metals between the parasites and the host. The negative relationships between parasite number and metal levels in organs of the barbel support this hypothesis. The bioconcentration factors for Ag, As, Ba, Bi, Cu, Ga, Mn, Pb, Sr, Tl, and Zn showed that the parasites concentrated metals to a higher degree than the fish tissues. They accumulated the metals As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn even better than established bioindicators such as the mussel Dreissena polymorpha as revealed by data from the literature. The results presented here emphasize that acanthocephalans of fish are very useful as sentinels for metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Ratio of metal concentrations in the parasites and the host tissues provide additional information. Not including acanthocephalans in accumulation bioindication studies with fishes (as still customarily done) may lead to false results.

Acanthocephala↗
PubMed1988

[Blastocystis hominis--intestinal parasite or commensal?].

Blastocystis hominis has long been classified among Blastomycetes. It was considered to be an apathogenous fungal organism which was very frequently detected in routine stool examinations. Following the first studies with an electronic microscope in 1967, Zierdt et al. (34) classified Blastocystis hominis among the protozoa. Since then, there have been increasingly frequent reports that Blastocystis hominis can be an important cause of intestinal diseases especially diarrhea. For a definite taxonomic correlation and for an identification as pathogen, more investigations are greatly necessary.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Prevalence of intestinal parasites, including Cryptosporidium parvum, in dogs in Zaragoza city, Spain.

Faecal samples from 81 dogs aged between 2 months and 13 years were collected in the small animal clinic (37 domestic dogs) and the animal shelter (44 stray dogs) located in the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences in Zaragoza city (northeast Spain) and screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Faeces were concentrated by the formalin-ethyl acetate method and smears of the sediment were stained by using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were detected in six dogs (7.4%) aged from 2 months to 6 years. Infection was detected in both domestic (three) and stray (three) dogs and all of them excreted few oocysts (0-1 oocyst per 20 x field). No statistically significant differences in prevalence occurred between dogs younger than 6 months (11.8%) and the older dogs (6.2%). Prevalences were not significantly different between domestic (8.1%) and stray dogs (6.8%). Diarrhoea was recorded in three of the positive dogs (50%), although additional enteric parasites such as oocysts of Isospora spp. were also detected in their faeces. Nevertheless, prevalence was significantly higher in diarrhoeic (30%) versus non-diarrhoeic (4.2%) dogs (P < 0.05). Cryptosporidium was one of the parasites most frequently detected in the dogs surveyed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Serum and antral gastrin levels in rats infected with intestinal parasites.

Serum and antral gastrin were measured in rats infected with either Trichinella spiralis or Hymenolepis diminuta as a step in testing the hypothesis that parasites change certain aspects of host physiology by altering gastrointestinal (GI) hormone levels or responses to GI hormones. Parasitism with T. spiralis was associated with inflammatory changes in the small bowel mucosa and with a significant increase in serum gastrin. Neither changes in hormone level nor inflammation were induced in tapeworm-infected rats. These results reveal the capacity of tissue penetrating parasites to alter the level of circulating gastrin. This finding coupled with considerable indirect evidence suggests that some of the pathologic changes induced in hosts by enteric parasites may be due to changes in functions that are regulated by GI hormones.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Combined effects of cold exposure and sub-lethal intestinal parasites on host morphology and physiology.

Multiple, simultaneous demands elicit physiological and morphological responses that may jeopardize an animal's ability to respond to future challenges, especially when resources are limited. Laboratory mice (Mus musculus) experimentally infected with an intestinal nematode (Heligmosomoides polygyrus) and then exposed to cold showed phenotypic plasticity of morphological and physiological responses. The parasitized mice maintained a similar body mass to the unparasitized mice but had less body fat and showed changes in some organ masses, a greater resting metabolic rate (RMR) and a diminished glucose uptake capacity both at the site of infection and in regions of the small intestine not occupied by parasites. Cold-exposed mice had a greater RMR, less body fat, a greater glucose transport capacity and showed changes in organ masses compared with mice maintained at room temperature. The responses to cold exposure were not affected by parasitism for any dependent variable. The costs of having parasites during simultaneous cold exposure included decreased energy reserves and greater maintenance requirements, which may then decrease the energy available for future expenditures, such as reproduction.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed2006

Intestinal parasites in Dakahlia governorate, with different techniques in diagnosing protozoa.

A total of 3180 patients attending Mansoura University Hospitals' Clinics, were subjected to stool examination by direct wet smear, formol-ether concentration, original formol-tween concentration, modified formol-tween concentration, modified Sheather's sugar floatation, Potassium hydroxide concentration and Gomori's Trichrome stain, and modified Kinyoun's acid-fast stain, and Ryan's Trichrome blue stain for Microsporidia. The intestinal helminthes in a descending order of abundance were: S. mansoni (5.3%), Fasciola sp. (4.8%), H. heterophyes (4.2%), Hymenolepis nana (3.9%), Trichostrongylus sp. (2.6%), A. lumbricoides (1.8%), Strongyloides stercoralis (1.5%), H. diminuta (1.4%), Taenia saginata (1.1%), E. vermicularis (by smear; 1.1 %), T. trichura (0.7%) and lastly A. duodenale (0.1%). The intestinal protozoa in a descending order of abundance were Blastocystis hominis (22.4%), Giardia lamblia (19.6%), Entamoeba histolytica/E.dispar (19%), Iodamoeba butschlii (16%), Cryptosporidium parvum (14.3%), E. coli (9.7%), Isospora hominis (7.7%), Endolimax nana (6.9%), E. hartmani (5.9%), Dientamoeba fragilis (5.1%), Chilomastix mesnili (5.1%), Trichomonas hominis (4.2%), Cyclospora cayetanensis (4.2%), Microsporidia spores (3.2%), Enteromonas hominis (1.9%) and Embadomonas intestinalis (1.3%). The results were discussed.

Animals↗