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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Maturation of inner ear ganglion cells. Morphometric analyses of cross-sectional areas.

Morphometric analyses of the cross-sectional areas were performed on spiral ganglion and vestibular gaglion cells in the CBA/CBA mouse from the 16th gestational day up to the age of 1 month. Vestibular ganglion cells undergo a period of rapid growth between the 4th and 12th postnatal day. Spiral ganglion cells revealed a rapid increase in cross-sectional area during the latter part of the 2nd postnatal week. Increases in cell volume could not be correlated to changes in individual morphological or electrophysiological events, but probably reflect adaptation to function. In 1-month-old animals, the cross-sectional area of both vestibular and spiral ganglion cells had decreased as compared with the 2nd postnatal week.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Viral infection and the inner ear.

The work of Japanese research committees on the relation of viral infection to sudden deafness and acute profound deafness is briefly introduced. The criteria for making a diagnosis of sudden deafness and mumps deafness are described. A new method of detecting IgM antibody to mumps virus was developed in research done for one of the committees. Use of this method revealed that sudden deafness in 1 out of 39 patients was due to mumps virus. Experimental viral labyrinthitis was produced in guinea pigs using herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2) and guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV). Histopathological studies were conducted, and the results are discussed and compared with those for human viral labyrinthitis. Anomaly of the cochlea was found in the offspring of a guinea pig which became pregnant just after GPCMV was inoculated into its cochlea.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging of the inner ear in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Five patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) were examined by a combination of high-resolution computed tomography and special magnetic resonance imaging techniques. By three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state magnetic resonance imaging excellent visualization of the membranous labyrinth was obtained. No fibrous or osseous obliteration of the intralabyrinthine fluid spaces was observed in all investigated temporal bones. The results provide further evidence for a viral pathogenesis of ISSHL.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative cytoskeletal analyses of the inner ear in man and the squirrel monkey.

Serially sectioned human and squirrel monkey labyrinths were analyzed with high-resolution light microscopy after using 25 different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) identifying all three main classes of cytoskeletal proteins. A high degree of similarity was found in labyrinths from man and squirrel monkey. Only 1 of 25 mAbs stained differently between the two species. In the squirrel monkey but not in the human the mAbs identifying S-100 proteins stained subpopulations of type I vestibular hair cells in the striola of the two macula and the summit of the cristae as compared to the same type of hair cells in the periphery of vestibular organs. Such an establishment of subpopulations of hair cells with the same ultrastructure has previously not been described in higher vertebrates. In contrast to the species differences in the distribution of neuroactive substances, the cytoskeletal architecture seems to be relatively unchanged and stable during evolution. Since each species has its own hearing and equilibrium function, neurotransmitters (neuropeptides, amino acids, etc.) could contribute to such species-specific functions.

Acoustic Maculae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glycerol administration modulates the pattern of the 3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine (CD15) epitope in the adult guinea pig inner ear.

The effect of glycerol administration on the distribution pattern of the CD15 (3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine) epitope has been studied immunohistochemically in hydropic and non-hydropic ears of adult guinea pigs from 80 min to 5 h after treatment with 2 g/kg glycerol. Glycerol administration characteristically modulated the immunoreactivity of the CD15 epitope in the endolymphatic sac and the tectorial membrane (TM) and revealed the CD15 epitope in the otoconia of the saccule, the stereocilia and the supporting cells of the ampullae. Our results suggest that glycerol interacts with glycoconjugates of the TM and otoconia, causing changes in their density and possibly the hydration state. As a consequence, the transduction process may be affected.

Animals↗