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PubMed1996

Help seeking by immigrant Indochinese psychiatric patients in Sydney, Australia.

To better understand factors contributing to underutilization of mental health treatment services by Asian immigrants in English-speaking countries, the authors compared the pathways to treatment of 30 psychiatric patients born in Indochina who currently resided in Australia and 30 Australian-born patients. A semistructured interview was used to gather data on time between onset of psychiatric symptoms and treatment in the first and most recent illness episodes. Indochinese patients took longer to receive psychiatric treatment for their first episode and tended to receive initial help from family members or traditional healers. This effect had disappeared by the time of the patient's current episode. The results suggest the need for culturally relevant psychiatric services for recent immigrants.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Immigrants' welfare use and opportunity for contact with co-ethnics.

In this article we examine the relationship between immigrants' welfare use and their social capital, using the 1990 census. We measure community social capital using contact with co-ethnics and co-ethnics' economic inactivity, and examine the use of AFDC and SSI in two subpopulations: single-mother families and elderly units. Major findings are that the effects of social capital differ between immigrant single-mother families and elderly units; the effects of social capital differ between the young-at-arrival elderly and the old-at-arrival elderly; and the process of AFDC use is similar for immigrants and for natives, whereas the process of SSI use is more complicated for immigrants than for natives.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Assessing immigration status and eligibility for publicly funded medical care: a questionnaire for public health professionals.

OBJECTIVES: After reviewing the requirements for establishing a legal presence in the United States and securing health care services under Medicaid and Medicare, this article reports on a questionnaire developed to determine patients' documentation status and eligibility for publicly funded medical care. METHODS: The questionnaire was developed based on an integration of the relevant provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act and the Social Security Act. RESULTS: The questionnaire is both valid and reliable when compared with an instrument currently used by immigration attorneys. CONCLUSIONS: This assessment is useful provided there is no requirement that undocumented individuals be reported to the Immigration and Naturalization Service.

Eligibility Determination↗
PubMed1999

Health problems of Asian and Latino immigrants.

Many different circumstances influence Asian and Latino immigration to the United States, including poverty, war, educational opportunities, and protection of financial assets. Such varying circumstances point clearly to a different set of expected health problems. Immigrants often lack resources necessary to acquire quality health care. These resources involve language skills, knowledge of US health care and social services, and insurance. Risk factors to which immigrants may have been exposed include poor nutrition, lack of immunizations and vaccinations, inadequate or inappropriate treatment, and inadequate or inaccurate beliefs about illness and treatment. Frequent health problems among Latino and Asian immigrants are tuberculosis, hepatitis B, sexually transmitted diseases, cancer, diabetes, and substance abuse. The nursing care of immigrants involves not only attention to reducing risk and treating illness, but also attention to the provision of resources. Nurses face several ethical dilemmas in the health care of immigrants including a public anti-immigrant sentiment, and political attempts to limit health care and education to immigrants.

Asian↗
PubMed1999

[Acute hemolytic anemia caused by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency].

Glukose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is essential in protecting the red cell from oxidative damage. We report a case of acute haemolysis in a child with G6PD deficiency. Because of the severity of the anaemia, the patient was treated with blood transfusions and recovered fully. There are two main variants of G6PD deficiency (the Mediterranean variant and variant A) with different clinical profiles. Acute haemolytic attacks are induced by certain drugs, by infections or, in the Mediterranean variant, by ingestion of fava beans (favism). Increased awareness of this condition is necessary in Denmark because of increased immigration.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1996

[Migration strategies and ethnic networks compared: the Burkina Faso and Senegalese groups in Italy].

"African immigration towards Italy is presented as part of the wider international context. The function of emigration networks is briefly examined. A comparison is made between the Burkinabe and Senegalese groups, the latter being the most important group from West Africa. The different ways of entering the labour market are studied according to the legal situation of migrants (whether regulars or clandestines), the Italian region of settlement, and above all according to the characteristics of the ethnic networks established by the two above-mentioned nationalities.... The article shows how the choice of individual or group integration strategies depends both on cultural factors of the society of origin and on the economic and social situation of the Italian region of settlement." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND FRE)

Africa↗
PubMed2004

Cultural implications of attitudes and evaluative reactions toward dialect variation in Croatian youth.

As a consequence of political changes and war, during the last decade the migration processes have been intensified and in comers from other parts of Croatia and neighbouring countries have moved to the town of Zagreb and have changed it considerably. These demographic changes have also had an influence on the language used in the area and on language attitudes towards the Standard Croatian, local vernacular and other dialectal varieties. The aim of this study is to explore the awareness that speakers, Croatian adolescents resident in Zagreb, have of their own language variety and their attitudes toward different other dialect varieties. The data were collected using the speech guise method and a questionnaire in order to assess both conscious and unconscious components of these linguistic evaluations. The results obtained once again confirmed the expected prestige of the Standard variety in terms of its speaker's alleged highest competence, but also its low standing as far as social attractiveness is concerned. Non-standard local varieties showed the exactly opposite trend, although the evaluation of native and immigrant adolescents differed considerably.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Induced abortion: women's free choice or impossibility of choice? Higher frequency of induced abortions among immigrant women in Sweden compared to native Swedish women].

During one year all women attending one of Sweden's largest clinics for induced abortion were interviewed. Out of 1,289 interviewed women 36 % (468) were born abroad, compared to 29% of women in corresponding ages in the local communities. The immigrant women had less experience of contraceptive methods, more born children and reported the partner relationship to be the reason for abortion more frequently than native Swedish women. Immigrant status was seen as independent risk factor for repeated induced abortion. In order to reduce the number of induced abortions it is necessary to increase family planning resources to immigrant women.

Abortion Applicants↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical presentation of tuberculosis among immigrants seen at the antituberculosis outpatient clinic in Lausanne].

Between 1987 and 1990, 162 new immigrants entering Switzerland were treated for tuberculosis at the TB Dispensary, Lausanne. Fifty-three were smear or culture positive. In 93% of the cases, the diagnosis was suspected at a screening examination for TB shortly after arrival in Switzerland. The diagnosis of TB was established on the basis of radiological abnormalities and the results of bacteriology and the clinical and/or radiological course under treatment. The prevalence of TB was 174.3 cases per 100,000 among foreign workers and 1357.5 per 100,000 among refugees in the group of immigrants entering the Canton of Vaud. Symptoms related to TB were mentioned by 18% of patients, clinical abnormalities were noted in 7.4%. The tuberculin test was positive (greater than 10 mm) in 94% of patients. Thirty patients, including six smear or culture positive cases, were lost to follow-up or stopped treatment before the scheduled end. A policy of active screening for TB among new immigrants allows detection at an early stage and, in combination with proper treatment, should prevent extension of the disease within groups of immigrants.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In the "best interest" of immigrant and refugee children: deliberating on their unique circumstances.

Each year, state juvenile courts provide thousands of immigrant and refugee children with access to consistent and reliable caregiving and a stable environment. To examine how courts interpret "the best interests" of immigrant and refugee children, this article examines 24 cases in courts across the United States, which indicate they use a territorial approach when evaluating the best interests standard. Although legal status was not an issue, many related factors were. Consequently, the courts restricted immigrant parents' rights in caring, guiding, and visiting their children; increased the risk of wrongfully terminating parental rights; and intensified the unpredictability of immigrant and refugee children's welfare in the long run. This article suggests an approach that encourages communication between social workers and the courts to address the special needs and circumstances of immigrant and refugee children on three key topics: the material and moral welfare of the child, and social welfare for immigrant and refugee families.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Abnormalities among newborn children born to immigrants in Denmark in the period 1983-1987].

It has recently been discussed whether there was a higher incidence of congenital malformations among newborns of immigrant mothers than among Danish infants. The study is based on information retrieved from two registries in the Danish National Board of Health, both with national coverage: The Medical Birth Register and the Register of Congenital Malformations. All livebirths in Denmark, born to women from Denmark, Scandinavia, Yugoslavia, Turkey, Pakistan, Morocco, Iran and Vietnam in the years 1983-1987, more than 240,000 infants, were included. When comparing the birth prevalence of congenital malformations in the various groups, the observed rate is corrected for maternal age and parity distribution, fathers' occupation (indicating the social position) and county of delivery, as ascertainment varies between hospitals. This part of the analysis did not support the observation of an increased incidence among offspring of immigrant women. A more detailed analysis, based on a multiplicative Poisson-model, compares the three largest groups: Danish, Turkish and Pakistani mothers. Evaluating the influence of maternal age, father's occupation and county of delivery, the result is that the differences observed can, to a large degree, be explained by these three factors, especially the county of delivery. The remaining differences are no larger than can be explained as random. We were thus unable to support the debated observation on a higher incidence of congenital malformations among infants born to immigrant mothers.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1978

[Existence of emigrants and mental disorders].

This paper's purpose is to define the immigrant's status and give evidence of psycho-social problems of the uprooted in a survey of hungarian and czech refugees. It is evident that morbidity of immigrant populations is generally increased. Also, certain nosological states are prevalent. Most of all, we have investigated delusions of reference in a culturally alien environment. Moreover, some psychoanalytical and sociological aspects pertaining to the immigrant's status (identity, assimilation, overadaptation, feelings of discrimination, socio-cultural hierarchy) are discussed. Ultimately, practical approaches to the psychological misery of immigrants are suggested.

Emigration and Immigration↗