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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Structures of the oligosaccharide chains in swine trachea mucin glycoproteins.

The structures of large O-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides derived from swine trachea mucin glycoprotein were established. Reduced oligosaccharides released by treatment with alkaline borohydride were separated by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-6 and the neutral oligosaccharides were isolated by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. Eight oligosaccharides (DIa to BII), ranging in length from 8 to 15 sugar units, were isolated. On the basis of carbohydrate composition and analytical data from sequential treatment with exoglycosidases and permethylation analysis, the following structures were assigned to these oligosaccharides: (Formula: see text).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Automated fluorometric analysis of calcium pantothenate in multivitamin preparations.

An automated fluorometric procedures is described for assaying calcium pantothenate in multivitamin preparations. Sample extracts containing calcium pantothenate are treated on-line with a slurry of magnesium trisilicate which removes any interfering riboflavin that may be present. The filtrate is resampled, mixed on-line with a slurry of Dowex 50W-X4 (H+) which removes any interfering beta-alanine that may be present, and dialyzed. Dialysates are hydrolyzed in an alkaline medium and reacted with a mixture of o-phthalaldehyde and 2-mercaptoethanol in boric acid solution. The fluorescence intensity due to the formation of a fluorogenic compound is measured at 455 nm after excitation at 350 nm. The procedure developed is capable of analyzing 20 samples/hr. Analytical data indicate that calcium pantothenate is assayed reliably both from real and synthetic multivitamin preparations. The mean recovery of calcium pantothenate added to sample solutions of tablet composites was 95.4%.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1984

Modulation of mitogen-dependent lymphocyte stimulation by hyaluronic acid.

The stimulation of incorporation of [3H]-thymidine into mononuclear cells (MC) from human body by plant lectins was assessed in the presence of varying concentrations of hyaluronic acid (HA). The simultaneous addition of HA and phytohemagglutinin to MC cultures resulted in a decrease in the incorporation of radioactivity. The magnitude of the decrease was directly related to the concentration of HA added. Kinetic studies, however, indicated that the addition of HA after the initiation of DNA synthesis in the MC cultures also resulted in a decline of the rate of incorporation of radioactivity. The kinetic and analytical data suggest that DNA synthesis by MC in inflammatory arthropathies might be modulated by the HA rich microenvironment of the joint and that this modulation could also occur even if the MC were stimulated before they reached the joint tissues.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reference values of chromium urine in the population residing in Lombardy].

The accurate determination of Cr in normal human urine still presents a considerable challenge, connected to its very low content, supposedly about 1 ppb. The analytical data obtaining from many Authors varying between 0.3 microgram/day and 150 micrograms/day. The question now arises which data picture the true Cr content of normal human urine. To this purpose we have determined the content of total urinary chromium in 310 healthy individuals (170 male, 140 female) resident in Lombardy (Italy). A mean urinary Cr concentration of 0.59 +/- 0.26 ppb was obtained. The levels of urinary chromium tended to be higher in males than in females and to decrease with age.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Benzoyltropeine, an unusual substance in street heroin samples.

Benzoyltropeine, an isomer of tropacocaine, was found in samples of heroin seized in Florence in 1981. Since there were no analytical data on benzoyltropeine, it was difficult to differentiate this substance from tropacocaine. In an effort to make the differentiation easier, the authors tried out various techniques and found thin-layer chromatography and high-resolution gas chromatography to be the most suitable for this purpose. A specific identification of isomers of these substances was obtained by using nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry techniques.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1983

[Deficiencies of essential microelements in Hispanic-American diets].

The Spanish-American diets are classified in four types, according to the prevailing cereal in each of them. The content of the most important microelements in agreement with analytical data and food composition tables was determined in each type. Regional deficiencies were determined and references are made specially to Peru. Solutions based on modern pharmaceutical resources are proposed.

Copper↗
PubMed1980

The structures of the cross-reactive types 19 (19F) and 57 (19A) pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides.

The structures for two cross-reactive capsular polysaccharides isolated from Streptococci pneumoniae types 19 and 57 are proposed based on the analytical data obtained from methylation, enzymatic degradation, and periodate oxidation experiments performed on both intact polysaccharides and oligosaccharides isolated from hydrofluoric acid hydrolysates. Both polysaccharides exhibit an identical structure of 4)-beta-2-acetamido-2-deoxymannose-(1 leads to 4)-alpha-D-glucose-(1 leads to 2)-alpha-L-rhamnose-1-phosphate. This trisaccharide is considered the only repeating unit in the type 19 polysaccharide. The type 57 polysaccharide contains this same repeating unit and side chains composed of a beta-D-2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucose-(1 leads to 3)-beta-D-galactose-1-phosphate side chain attached to C-2 of the glucose and an alpha-L-fucose-1-phosphate attached to C-3 of the rhamnose.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1980

Estimation of C3 levels in cerebrospinal fluid by electroimmunodiffusion.

C3 levels have been determined by the electroimmunodiffusion technique in the CSF of patients with a wide variety of pathologies. The patients were grouped on the basis of protein content and G/A ratio of the CSF as I) patients with normal meningeal permeability and apparent absence of local gamma-globulin synthesis; II) patients with increased meningeal permeability; III) patients with characteristics of MS, i.e. increase of IgG accompanied by a normal or slightly elevated protein content, Group III showed a lower level of C3 when expressed at % of the total protein and also as % of the total protein less gamma-globulins of the CSF. Other parameters of the CSF are also recorded. It was shown that only the expression of C3 concentration relative to the total protein content of the CSF produced meaningful analytical data.

Complement C3↗
PubMed1978

Chemical studies on tobacco smoke LIX. Analysis of volatile nitrosamines in tobacco smoke and polluted indoor environments.

Chemical-analytical data were presented illustrating that the mainstream smoke of tobacco products contains traces of volatile N-nitrosamines. The quantity of volatile nitrosamines in the sidestream smoke of cigarettes and cigars exceeds that in the mainstream smoke by at least a factor of 10. This observation led to model studies and analysis of air in bar cars of trains, in a local bar and other indoor atmospheres polluted by tobacco smoke. The results showed that, during one hour in a smoke-polluted indoor environment, one may inhale volatile nitrosamines in quantities equal to those in the mainstream smoke of 0.5-30 cigarettes. It is emphasized that there are, at present, no epidemiological data linking human respiratory cancers to volatile nitrosamines.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1983

The recognition of human bronchogenic carcinomas.

Xenotransplants of human carcinomas were tested for consistency of the analytical data of tumor markers over several passages in nude mice and nude rats. The binding properties of antibodies against tumor-associated antigens present in sera from tumor-bearing patients were tested with aid of the anticomplement immunofluorescence. The best binding capacity was found when sera from patients with bronchogenic carcinomas reacted on xenotransplants of the digestive tract (70%). Because of the low values for controls as well as for inflammatory diseases, this test may be applicable in the early recognition of lung cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Review of 314 cases (author's transl)].

Three hundred fourteen patients with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis have been operated from 1969 to 1976. The different etiologies are discussed. Clinical and analytical data are evaluated. Radiology is employed in 99 per 100 of the cases with no complications. Medical treatment used is exposed clearly as well as the surgical procedure (Monereo's modification of the classical Fredet-Ramstedt technique). Postoperative results and complications such as vomiting, wound infection (4.4 per 100), eventration (0.6 per 100) and fatal outcome (0.6 per 100) are thouroughly detailed as well as the associated pathology.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Socket fixation using a metal-backed acetabular component for total hip replacement. A minimum five-year follow-up.

We did a follow-up study on fifty-three total hip-replacement procedures in forty-seven patients in whom a metal-backed acetabular component was used. The minimum follow-up was five years (average, six and one-half years). These relatively young patients ranged in age from seventeen to seventy-six years old (average, forty-one years old). Excluding one septic hip and one traumatic dislocation of the acetabular component, three sockets became loose in the remaining fifty-one hips. The results in thirty-four patients who were forty-five years old or younger were compared with those in a group of patients of similar age, reported by Dorr and Takei, in whom sockets without metal backing were used. Thirteen of the forty-three non-metal-backed sockets in their patients became loose or had a continuous radiolucent line at least two centimeters thick around the entire circumference of the cement on an anteroposterior radiograph, which they referred to as impending failure. In comparison, the three loose acetabular components in our thirty-four patients comprised a statistically significant reduction (p less than 0.05). No acetabular components in our series showed evidence of impending failure. We and others have reported finite-element analyses showing that a metal backing on the acetabular component reduces peak stresses in the bone, cement, and polyethylene. These analytical data are now supported by the clinical data reported here; that is, the metal backing of the acetabular component enhanced the duration of cement fixation.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1982

N-nitrosodiethanolamine: analysis, formation in tobacco products and carcinogenicity in Syrian golden hamsters.

An analytical GC-TEA method has been developed for the quantitative determination of N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA) in tobacco and tobacco smoke. US smoking and chewing tobaccos and experimental cigarette tobaccos contained between 80 and 420 micrograms/kg of NDELA. Two snuff samples contained 3200 and 6800 micrograms/kg of NDELA. NDELA in mainstream smoke of US cigarettes amounted to 10 - 68 ng per cigarette. Evidence was presented which incriminates diethanolamine as a major precursor for NDELA in tobacco and tobacco smoke. Diethanolamine is used as a solubilizing agent for maleic hydrazide, the major sucker-growth inhibitor for US tobacco crops. NDELA was bioassayed in Syrian golden hamsters by skin painting, swabbing of the oral cavity and by subcutaneous injection. Independently of the form of application, NDELA at the higher dose (500 mg/kg) induced carcinomas of the nasal cavity, papillomas of the trachea and tumours of the larynx in some animals. NDELA uptake through the oral cavity in hamsters is presumably greater than through the skin, judging by the higher tumour yield induced by painting of the oral cavity, compared to skin painting. Studies with 14C-labeled NDELA are currently underway to document this observation quantitiatively. The present analytical data for NDELA in tobacco and tobacco smoke, together with the carcinogenicity data reported here and elsewhere, strongly suggest a review of the use of maleic hydrazide-diethanolamine as sucker-growth inhibitor in the cultivation of tobacco and other crops.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Urinary excretion of N-nitrosamines in rats and humans.

Various sources may contribute to the total human exposure to nitrosamines (foods, drugs, cosmetics, polluted air and endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds). The average intake of nitrosamines can be calculated using analytical data. The more relevant method of biological monitoring can be used, however, to estimate individual exposure, in which case possible in vivo formation may also be detected. Since blood measurements can be carried out only under great difficulty and reflect only the momentary situation, the urinary excretion of nitrosamines was studied in animal experiments. The urinary excretion of nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) and nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA) in SD-rats was measured within 24 h after epicutaneous, intratracheal, oral and intravenous application. The dose range covered was 5, 50 and 500 micrograms/animal for NDMA, 4, 44 and 440 micrograms/animal for NMOR and 0.03-300 mg/animal for NDELA. Under the influence of diethylether, a 7- to 20-fold increase of excretion was observed. Biological monitoring in humans at low doses (10-100 micrograms NDMA) is possible only if the excretion rate is increased by administration of ethanol. By reducing the activity of metabolizing enzymes with ethanol or other suitable compounds, possible in vivo formation of nitrosamines might also be more easily detectable. Excretion rates do not seem to be dose-dependent in the ranges investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Arterial hypertension in acute post-infection glomerulonephritis based on case reports].

Sixty-six cases of acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis, 31,4% of all glomerulopathies diagnosed in our Service were studied. Patients were classified according to the presence (33,3%), or not (66,7%) of arterial hypertension during the acute phase of disease. As far as clinical and analytical data are concerned, the more symptomatic forms were observed among cases with arterial hypertension. However, after the acute phase of disease clinical evolution was similar in both groups.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic continuous bleeding in a girl with lack of F. XIII (author's transl)].

A case with chronic continuous bleeding on an eleven year old girl with lack of F. XIII with positive family antecedents and without declarate consanguinity is presented. Analytic data are widely clear as well as parent's research which shows the heterocygosity but with doubts exposed.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1978

Decomposition in foods (chemical methods). Fluorometric determination of indole in shrimp.

A fluorometric method is described for determining indole in shrimp. The indole is extracted with n-hexane, partitioned into a methanol-saturated sodium chloride solution (9+1), and determined fluorometrically. The detection limit of the method is 0.04 microgram indole/g shrimp. Quantitative analytical data are presented for indole in samples of shrimp determined by the fluorometric method and the AOAC official colorimetric and gas-liquid chromatographic procedures. The correlation coefficient between the data of the fluorometric and colorimetric methods was 0.96. Indole recovered from 25 g samples of fresh shrimp spiked with 6 and 12 microgram indole/25 g ranged from 97 to 106%. The fluorescence response is linear in the range of 1 to 25 microgram indole/100 ml methanol solution and no significant change is noted in solutions kept in the dark 18 hr.

Decapoda↗
PubMed1981

[Acute Q fever: study of 23 patients (author's transl)].

Twenty-three patients with Q fever who were diagnosed over a 3 year period are described. The majority came from the Madrid urban area and less than half had epidemiological antecedents. Nine patients presented with pulmonary infiltrations, 12 with suppressed fever and in 2 criteria for fever of unknown origin were met. The majority had clinical or analytic data of hepatic disease and liver biopsy practiced in 4 patients showed granulomas. Diagnosis was established through the increment of seric antibodies against antigens of phase II C. burnetii, detected by complement fixation test. Acute Q fever is not a rare disease in our environment and must be taken into account when a differential diagnosis is looked for in processes such as fever of short evolution, fever of unknown origin, pneumoniae and granulomatous hepatitis.

Adolescent↗