Immunological determinants of avian sarcoma viruses: presence of group-specific antibodies in fowl sera demonstrated by complement-fixation inhibition test.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Complement Fixation Tests”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Pleuropneumonia caused by Haemophilus parahaemolyticus. An attempt to control the disease at two progeny testing stations by serological blood testing followed by removal of the seropositive animals and their litter mates.
The complement fixation test was employed at two progeny testing stations in an attempt to avoid outbreaks of contagious pleuropneumonia, caused by Haemophilus parahaemolyticus. Pigs were isolated immediately after arrival at the testing stations and blood samples taken for serology. Test groups with seropositive animals were not admitted to the testing station. The sanitation scheme proved successful, in that acute outbreaks were avoided at both stations and the frequency of chronic pleuritis at slaughter fell from appr. 12 per cent to appr. 6 per cent (Station A) and from appr. 8 per cent to appr. 1 per cent (Station B). Accordingly, the complement fixation test may be of value in diagnosing subclinical infections and thus in the control of Haemophilus parahaemolyticus pleuropneumonia.
Animals↗
[Serological survey for the prevalence of certain arboviruses in the human population of the south-east area of Central African Republic (author's transl)].
A serological survey of antibodies to arboviruses was carried out in the human population of the south-east part of Central African Republic in April 1979. Four hundred and fifty nine serum samples were tested using the haemagglutination inhibition test (H. I.) and fifty of them by the complement fixation test (C. F.). Only 11% of the population tested had no H. I. antibodies against the following arboviruses: Chikungunya, Semliki-forest, Sindbis, Yellow fever, Uganda S, West-Nile, Zika, Bunyamwera and Zinga. It seems that Chikungunya virus has recently been very active mainly in adult population. The same observation was reported for Zika virus. The following antigens were used for complement fixation test: Ilesha, Bwamba, CHF-Congo, Dugbe, Bhanja, Tataguine, Nyando, Bangui and Orungo. A positive reaction was noted in 88% of serum samples tested for Orungo virus. Antibodies were also detected by CF for CHF-Congo and Bhanja viruses.
Adolescent↗
Efficiency of complement fixation (CF) test with internal nucleoprotein (NP) antigen and hemagglutination--inhibition (HI) test in the serodiagnosis of A and B influenza infections.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Hairy-cell leukemia and toxoplasmosis.
Investigation for Toxoplasma gondii infection using complement fixation test and microprecipitation method in agar gel was performed in fifteen patients with clinically and morphologically typical hairy-cell leukemia. Positive complement fixation test was found in four patients. In three patients an initially high complement fixation titer or its considerable increase associated with positive microprecipitation in agar gel suggested a recent toxoplasmosis. The importance of search for Toxoplasma gondii infection in hairy-cell leukemia patients especially before splenectomy and the necessity of reinvestigation after splenectomy is stressed.
Adult↗
Indirect haemagglutination test using gonococcal pilus antigen: how useful to diagnose gonorrhoea?
In 1979 an indirect haemagglutination test (gonococcal antibody test) using gonococcal pilus antigen replaced the gonococcal complement fixation test as our routine procedure to show gonococcal antibodies. In the diagnosis of current gonorrhoea the sensitivity of the gonococcal antibody test was far superior to that of the gonococcal complement fixation test (about 55% versus 9% for first episode gonorrhoea). To evaluate the usefulness of the test result the following population groups were studied: 1376 patients undergoing medical examination for gonorrhoea (386 had gonorrhoea), 1384 healthy people aged 15-65, 54 patients with meningococcal disease, 30 children with respiratory tract infection, and 254 patients with evidence of various diseases other than neisserial infections that might be associated with symptoms of arthritis. These investigations showed that (1) non-specific positive gonococcal antibody test results occur rarely, (2) at least half the people who have had gonorrhoea remain seropositive (with titres of 1/40 to 1/160), and (3) a positive test result is more significant the younger the patient and the higher the titre. For younger people a positive test result should always be followed up by bacteriological examination; in all age groups titres of 1/320 or more should indicate medical examination for current gonorrhoea.
Adolescent↗
Preparation of reference antisera for laboratory diagnosis of blastomycosis.
Antiserum was prepared in rabbits against the A antigen and a new antigen (labeled the D antigen) of yeast-phase cells of Blastomyces dermatitidis by using immunoelectrophoretic precipitin arcs as vaccine. The antiserum can be used as a reference serum in the immunodiffusion test for identyfying antibodies to the A antigen in sera from patients thought to have blastomycosis. Antibodies to the D antigen have not yet been found in human sera. The rabbit antiserum that was absorbed with Histoplasma capsulatum yeast-phase cells did not react in the complement fixation test with either H. capsulatum yeast-phase or mycelial-phase complement fixation antigen. Therefore, it could also be used as a positive control serum in the complement fixation test. A fluorescent-antibody conjugate prepared from the absorbed serum was found to be valuable for the identification of yeast-phase cells of B. dermatitidis.
Animals↗
[Antibodies to certain infections on large goat farms in the Czech Republic].
On five newly established large goat farms the incidence of antibodies to some chronic and latent infections (arthritis and encephalitis, Q-fever, caseous lymphadenitis and toxoplazmosis) was investigated in the first six months of the year 1994. Agar-gel immunodiffusion did not reveal any antibodies to arthritis and encephalitis of goats (CAE). Complement fixation test did not demonstrate any antibodies to Q-fever. Neither agar-gel immunodiffusion nor neutralization test confirmed any antibodies to caseous lymphadentitis. Complement fixation test (titer 1:8 and more) revealed antibodies to toxoplazmosis at 20.2% of the cases. No clinical symptoms of toxoplazmosis were observed on the investigated goat farms. It was recommended to take a preventive serological examination of goats against CAE, Q-fever and caseous lymphadenitis before they were housed on the given farms. By maintaining high zoohygienic parameters on the large goat farms it is possible to except a decrease in prevalence of antibodies to toxoplazmosis.
Animals↗
Future options for brucellosis surveillance in New Zealand beef herds.
It is probable that bovine brucellosis will be eradicated from New Zealand by 1990. However, continued surveillance for the disease will have to be maintained for a number of years. This paper examines alternative methods of surveillance in beef herds with a view to ensuring that the most cost effective method is used. The three surveillance methods examined are the present automated complement fixation test, abattoir surveillance, and a system based on a delayed hypersensitivity skin test using a purified Brucella protein antigen. It is concluded that despite the relatively low sensitivity of the skin test the probability of its identifying herds as infected is likely to be greater in practice than abattoir surveillance. The skin test is cheaper than the present complement fixation test.
Journal Article↗
Indirect hemagglutination test for human antibody to typhus and spotted fever group rickettsiae.
An indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test is described that uses glutaraldehyde-stabilized erythrocytes treated with a rickettsial erythrocyte-sensitizing substance obtained from Rickettsia typhi or Rickettsia rickettsii. The serological reagent was stable for at least 3 months at room temperature and 6 months at 4 C. It exhibited group specificity and no group cross-reactivity. At a minimum dilution of 1:40, acute and early convalescent epidemic and murine typhus antisera showed 86% positive reactors, whereas similar spotted fever antisera had 74% positive reactors. In comparison with the indirect fluorescent antibody test, the IHA procedure gave lower titers but showed comparable detection of seroconversion with most paired sera. The IHA test demonstrated significantly higher titers than the complement fixation test and was more sensitive than either the complement fixation or Weil-Felix test in identifying seroconversion. No agglutination was observed when sensitized erythrocytes were tested with rodent sera known to contain rickettsial antibodies.
Agglutination Tests↗
Activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in rabbits immunized with Chlamydia psittaci.
The studies were performed on rabbits preimmunized with killed Chlamydia psittaci antigen (Czech isolate). In the blood of the animals nitrotetrazolium blue reduction test (spontaneous and stimulated) was performed, coefficient of polymorphonuclear cell metabolic activity in NBT test was calculated and myeloperoxidase activity was estimated, haematologic parameters were established and antibodies to Chlamydia psittaci were searched for using complement fixation test. The animals were subjected to clinical examination and their housing was tested for its zoohygienic standard. Analysis of the results demonstrated decreased activity of polymorphonuclear cells 3 to 4 weeks before appearance of anti-Chlamydia antibodies, as detected by complement fixation test.
Animals↗
Gonorrhea in adolescents: complement-fixing antibodies in a selected population of young women.
Over a four-year period a group of 209 young women committed to a state institution for deliquent youths was screened for infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae by multiple bacteriologic cultures and by gonococcal complement-fixation tests. In this selected population of sexually active young women with a relatively high prevalence of gonorrhea, the gonoccal complement fixation test proved too insensitive to justify primary reliance on it for the identification of cases of actual disease. Only 25 (38%) of infected women had reactive sera. The specificity of the test was somewhat better; in two cases unexpected sero-positivity led to the identification, and treatment of previously-missed asymptomatic disease.
Adolescent↗
A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN IN URINE EXTRACTS.
A method is described for the preparation in rabbits of a specific antiserum to human chorionic gonadotrophin. The ability of this antiserum to fix complement in the presence of urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin is demonstrated. The standardization of antiserum against the international standard preparation of human chorionic gonadotrophin, the determination of antiserum specificity using appropriate controls, and the value of antiserum in the diagnosis of pregnancy and conditions associated with high urinary levels of human chorionic gonadotrophin is emphasized.By the complement-fixation test it is possible to detect a minimum of 1.5 international units of human chorionic gonadotrophin contained in 0.1 ml. of a 1 in 2 dilution of urine extract. In the Hogben pregnancy test, using 2.5 ml. of urine extract per animal, a minimum concentration of 70 international units of human chorionic gonadotrophin is required to give a positive response. The ease and economy of the complement-fixation test are described and results are compared with those of the Hogben test.
Animals↗
Serum complement-fixing antibody to Pasteurella haemolytica A1 and its effect on experimentally induced pneumonic pasteurellosis in calves.
Ninety-three calves comprising 16 experimental groups were exposed to viral (bovine herpesvirus-1 or parainfluenza-3 virus) and Pasteurella haemolytica aerosols. Serum samples from these calves were tested before and after exposure for antibodies to P haemolytica by a modified direct complement-fixation test. At slaughter of the calves, the extent of pneumonia produced was estimated for each calf and compared with the results of the modified direct complement-fixation tests. The extent of pneumonia was not related (P greater than 0.05) to the amount of anti-P haemolytica antibody produced by either naturally occurring or experimentally induced infection.
Animals↗
Some aspects of immunodiagnosis in amebiasis.
Antigen from axenically and with crithidia monoxenically grown amebae are compared in complement fixation test and indirect hemagglutination test. While similar reactivity was observed in indirect hemagglutination monoxenic antigen yielded extremely higher titers in complement fixation tests. Transient latex agglutinations of severely ill malaria tropica patients proved to be spontaneous in nature. It is recommended that extra latex is added to the test kits to provide for a check of positive sera for spontaneous agglutination. Glutaraldehyde treated and sensitized sheep red cells were stored under different conditions and their reactivity assessed over various periods of time. No loss of reactivity was found to occur under either condition after the respective times of observation, the longest of which lasted 12 months.
Amebiasis↗
Presumed ocular histoplasmosis in Europe: a case report.
A case of presumed ocular histoplasmosis was diagnosed in a diabetic patient, and an angiographic study of the ocular lesions was carried out. Results of histoplasmin skin test and the specific complement fixation test were negative. The epidemiologic aspects of histoplasmosis in Europe are considered.
Complement Fixation Tests↗
Transmission of Brucella ovis from rams to red deer stags.
AIM: To determine whether B. ovis will transmit from infected rams to non-infected red deer stags (Cervus elaphus) grazing together in the same paddock. METHODS: Six rams artificially infected with B. ovis were grazed with six non-infected 14-month-old red deer stags for a four and a half month period from March 4 to July 20, 1999. Stags were blood sampled at one- to six-weekly intervals to test for B. ovis antibodies using a complement fixation test. Stags that seroconverted were semen sampled to test for B. ovis infection by bacteriological culture. RESULTS: Between day 92 and day 124 of grazing together (June 4 and July 6), sera from five of the six stags became positive in the B. ovis complement fixation test. B. ovis was cultured from semen samples from four of the seropositive stags. CONCLUSIONS: Brucella ovis can be transmitted from infected rams to non-infected stags grazing in the same paddock, suggesting that B. ovis infection in farmed deer in New Zealand initially came from infected rams. Whether transmission occurs from direct contact between rams or stags, or indirectly by environmental contamination needs to be established.
Journal Article↗
Immune response to Mycoplasma pneumoniae P1 and P116 in patients with atypical pneumonia analyzed by ELISA.
BACKGROUND: Serology is often used for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. It is important to identify specific antigens that can distinguish between the presence or absence of antibodies against M. pneumoniae. The two proteins, P116 and P1, are found to be immunogenic. By using these in ELISA it is possible to identify an immune response against M. pneumoniae in serum samples. RESULTS: A recombinant protein derived from the P116 protein and one from the P1 protein were used in two ELISA tests, rP116-ELISA and rP1-ELISA. Human serum samples from patients with atypical pneumonia were tested and compared to the results of the complement fixation test. There was a good agreement between the two tests but the rP1-ELISA showed the best discrimination between positive and negative samples. CONCLUSION: Two ELISA tests based on recombinant proteins have been analysed and compared to the complement fixation test results. The two ELISA tests were found suitable for use in serodiagnostics of M. pneumoniae infections. The use of specific antigens eliminates the risk of cross reaction to an immune response against other bacteria.
Adhesins, Bacterial↗