Learning to walk the talk. Critical reflections on curriculum development at Whitirea Community Polytechnic from 1985-1993.
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Curriculum↗
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Results for “Community Development”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
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Overcoming historical and institutional distrust: key elements in developing and sustaining the community mobilization against HIV in the Boston Haitian community.
The Metro Boston REACH 2010 HIV Coalition needs to develop innovative processes aimed at overcoming a history of distrust that has led to limited cooperation from the Haitian community. Among the key elements being implemented are the development of a community vision through a community mobilization process; the development of an innovative working group process, in which coalition members worked together to develop and implement culturally and linguistically appropriate HIV prevention curricula; participatory leadership and joint accountability processes, manifested in decision-making approaches, such as the fund allocation system, and in the provision of technical assistance workshops on team building, designed to engender cohesion, skills, and resources sharing among coalition members. The success of this venture is measured through the growing expectation that this coalition could serve as a community planning body for all HIV-related services aimed at reducing HIV infection in the Greater Boston Haitian population.
Adult↗
Developing a community-based reminiscence group for the elderly.
Advanced practice nurses expect to care for many older adults in a variety of community settings. Through the process of reminiscence, older adults can actively evaluate their life experiences and explore the meaning of memorable events. This paper discusses the experiences of two advanced practice nurses who collaborated to conduct a reminiscence therapy group with community-based senior citizens. The process of reminiscence and group theory will be examined as applied to the well elderly in a community setting.
Aged↗
Community-initiated urban development: an ecological intervention.
Neglected urban environments have been linked to social isolation, depression, and other health problems. In Portland, OR in 2003, an intervention was implemented and evaluated in three neighborhoods with the objective of promoting community participation in urban renewal and engaging residents in the construction of attractive urban places. Municipal officials approved and permitted community-designed street murals, public benches, planter boxes, information kiosks with bulletin boards, trellises for hanging gardens, all positioned in the public right-of-way. Residents within a two-block radius of the three sites were systematically sampled and interviewed before (N = 325) and after (N = 349) the intervention, of which, 265 individuals completed both surveys of the panel study. After the intervention, multivariate results revealed improvements in mental health (p = 0.03), increased sense of community (p < 0.01), and an overall expansion of social capital (p = 0.04). Through community empowerment, participation, and collective action, the strategy successfully engaged residents in restoring neighborhoods, with direct benefits to community well-being.
Adult↗
Using community collaboration to develop the first successful needs assessment of the street homeless population in Canada.
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Canada↗
The development of a community-based family HIV service.
This paper describes the development of a community-based family HIV clinic in south London, an area with one of the highest rates of HIV seroprevalence in the UK. The King's family clinic was developed by broadening existing interdisciplinary services for women with HIV, utilizing the strengths of community-based paediatric care as well as integrating paediatric support from acute hospital-based services. Different models of care for children infected or affected by HIV and problems encountered in developing the service, including ethical dilemmas, and current activity are discussed.
Adult↗
Integrating academic and community laboratory needs: developing a successful outreach program.
Remarkably few large regional laboratory programs involving academic health centers exist in Canada. We present a model of a successful laboratory outreach program established by the Queen's University Department of Pathology (Kingston, Ontario) and its affiliated hospital laboratories. Community hospitals in small urban and semi-rural areas benefit from a diffusion of specialty expertise in laboratory medicine and technology, which enables them to increase their local testing capabilities and improve turn-around time. Testing and services of a more complex nature are referred to the academic hospitals. The result has been a steady improvement in the quality of laboratory services in the region with increased cost-effectiveness through shared services and focused economies of scale.
Academic Medical Centers↗
Doctor-patient communications in the Aboriginal community: towards the development of educational programs.
OBJECTIVE: Aboriginal people in Canada have poorer health than the rest of the population. Reasons for health disparities are many and include problems in communication between doctor and patient. The objective of this study was to understand doctor-patient communication in Aboriginal communities in order to design educational interventions for medical students based on the needs and experiences of patients. METHODS: Experiences of good and poor communication were studied by semi-structured interviews or focus groups with 22 Aboriginal community members, 2 community health representatives and 2 Aboriginal trainee physicians. Transcribed data were coded and subjected to thematic analysis. RESULTS: Positive and negative experiences of communicating with physicians fell into three broad and interrelated themes: their histories as First Nations citizens; the extent to which the physician was trusted; time in the medical interview. CONCLUSION: Aboriginal peoples' history affects their communication with physicians; barriers may be overcome when patients feel they have a voice and the time for it to be heard. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Physicians can improve communication with Aboriginal patients by learning about their history, building trust and giving time.
Adult↗
Training for community practitioners. Career development in mental health care for the aged: an integrated training model for the professional and nonprofessional.
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Aged↗
Local guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia: development, implementation, and outcome studies.
Published outcome studies mostly report a positive effect of successfully implemented pneumonia guidelines. Confirmatory studies are needed that use randomized, parallel groups with precisely defined treatments, however. Further research also is needed to develop methodology for more easily providing guideline logic to clinicians at the point of care.
Community-Acquired Infections↗
Preventing fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Aboriginal communities: a methods development project.
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Adolescent↗
Glasgow Council on Alcohol: trends and developments in a community based voluntary organisation (1968-1989).
Since 1968, Glasgow Council on Alcohol has steadily increased the scope and variety of its efforts to help problem drinkers and their families. Apart from a large increase in client numbers over the last 20 years, there has been a number of interesting developments in identifying 'at risk' groups and directing them into the helping process. Prevention of alcohol problems has also become a major issue for this agency.
Alcoholism↗
A need for community education in development: the Mit Abu El Kom case.
A quasi-experimental study was performed in Mit Abu El Kom Village, Egypt, where one-quarter of the 500 village households had been provided with new housing and indoor water and sanitation facilities and where, prior to this provision, water and sanitation facilities were inadequate or nonexistent among all households. No community health education had taken place among relocatees (subjects) or nonrelocatees (controls) in conjunction with the provision of water and sanitation facilities. This study investigated if subjects' access and exposure to facilities had alone been sufficient to significantly alter their relevant knowledge, attitudes and practices as compared to controls. This was accomplished primarily through structured household interview. Given that women are traditionally most affected by facilities and most effective in matters related to household health, one adult female from each sampled household was the respondent, totalling 123 for subjects and 111 for controls. Between-group comparisons of responses revealed overall nonsignificant differences in knowledge and attitudes and that respondent age and sex had no significant overall impact on responses. Age and sex were also discounted as affecting variables in within-group response analyses. Some significant changes in practices had occurred among subjects. However, these mainly resulted out of convenience and their potential benefits were often denigrated by changes which had not occurred or had not continued. The data indicate a need for community health education if health-related benefits of water and sanitation facilities are to be realized, and specifically indicate the need to address the educational needs of all village women.
Adolescent↗
How to develop a therapeutic community.
Long-term care in nursing homes needs a therapeutic, not a custodial, focus. Given that many such institutions are custodial, how can the orientation be changed? Transforming the environment of a nursing home is not merely a pipe dream--it has been successfully accomplished. The founders of one such project have written a book that charts their program's development, providing ten principles as guidelines. Jona's special consultant in Extended and Long-Term Care Administration presents these principles, along with a commentary on each, in the hope that nursing administrators in long-term care will find the book an invaluable guide for improving care of the aged.
Humans↗
[One more step in network development: a community-based perinatal program].
In France, a wide range of healthcare workers provide care for pregnant women and their infants including general practitioners and specialists working in a private or public setting and midwives (again in a private or public hospital practice). The respective competencies of each category of healthcare workers is not currently evaluated and their individual actions are rarely coordinated. This raises the question of equal opportunity for future mothers. In light of this situation, we developed an innovating concept aimed at improving pregnancy follow-up in a coordinated effort implicating all the different categories of healthcare workers involved in perinatal care: the pregnancy follow-up perinatal community.
Community Health Services↗
Community nursing diagnosis.
The community health nursing faculty at Kent State University in Kent, OH developed a community assessment tool in accordance with the health pattern typology described by Gordon (1982). The purpose of the tool is to facilitate students' use of the nursing process with communities and to provide students and faculty the opportunity to explore the process of developing community nursing diagnoses.
Community Health Nursing↗
A medical school's involvement in the development of a community-based health center.
This paper presents a planning model developed by the Department of Community Medicine of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine to facilitate the interactions between the medical school and the community. The planning process involved application of the model, exemplified through the growth and development of a neighborhood health center governed by a community agency. The main characteristics of the medical school, of the community, and of the community agency are presented briefly and the seven-year history of the development of the neighborhood health center is summarized. In recapitulating that history three distinct phases are identified in the planning process: how the planning was planned, how the plan was prepared, and how the services program was implemented. The role of the Department of Community Medicine in each phase is analyzed.
Academic Medical Centers↗
Community involvement in developing policies for genetic testing: assessing the interests and experiences of individuals affected by genetic conditions.
Because the introduction of genetic testing into clinical medicine and public health creates concerns for the welfare of individuals affected with genetic conditions, those individuals should have a role in policy decisions about testing. Mechanisms for promoting participation range from membership on advisory committees to community dialogues to surveys that provide evidence for supporting practice guidelines. Surveys can assess the attitudes and the experiences of members of an affected group and thus inform discussions about that community's concerns regarding the appropriate use of a genetic test. Results of a survey of individuals affected with inherited dwarfism show how data can be used in policy and clinical-practice contexts. Future research of affected communities' interests should be pursued so that underrepresented voices can be heard.
Achondroplasia↗