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Results for “Biomedical Engineering”

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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

A memorial review of Jay Bailey's contribution in prokaryotic metabolic engineering.

When mentioning prokaryotic metabolic engineering, most people will immediately think of Jay Bailey. Jay's contribution to this fast-growing field is evident and familiar to many. Therefore, instead of a detailed technical review, we attempt in this article to summarize his contribution and dissect reasons for his success in this area from a standpoint of one of his former students (VH) and of a colleague in the field (JCL). This short review is by no means complete and provides only a partial view of Jay's contribution to the metabolic engineering of prokaryotes.

Biochemistry↗
PubMed2000

Restorative surgery of the central nervous system by means of tissue engineering using NeuroGel implants.

A novel approach aimed at restoring tissue structure and function and enhancing axonal recovery in damaged parts of the central nervous system is described. In contrast to contemporary neurotransplantation technologies which focus on tissue reconstruction of neural parenchyma by cell replacement, this approach is based on repair by tissue engineering. The technique involves the implantation of a 3-dimensional polymer hydrogel into the site of injury. The physical properties of the hydrogel induce the organisation of migrating wound-healing cells and regenerating axons within its 3-dimensional structure. Two complementary approaches are described and illustrated using results obtained in vivo and in vitro: (1) implantation into the brain and spinal cord of the polymer hydrogel NeuroGel, which has a defined macromolecular structure that enhances tissue-building capabilities, and the implantation of advanced hydrogel derivatives carrying biologically active molecules to promote selective cell interactions, and (2) biohybrid hydrogels that contain entrapped developing neural tissue cells, embryonic carcinoma-derived neurons, or genetically modified cells which secrete neurotrophic factors. These techniques create bioartificial tissues with neural tissue specificity. The potential of this biomaterial-based approach to neural tissue engineering for restorative neurosurgery is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tissue engineering and the development of Apligraf, a human skin equivalent.

In recent years, skin grafting has evolved from the initial autograft and allograft preparations to biosynthetic and tissue-engineered living skin replacements. This review details the pioneering work of numerous investigators that led to the following precursors of tissue-engineered skin replacement: cultured autologous keratinocyte grafts, cultured allogeneic keratinocyte grafts, autologous/allogeneic composites, acellular collagen matrices, and cellular matrices. It also discusses the rationale for the development of the newer products and describes the technical advances leading to the development of Apligraf, a tissue-engineered human skin product.

Biomedical Engineering↗