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Results for “AVITAMINOSIS”

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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Influence of vitamin deficiency and level of dietary protein on the incidence of leg problems in broiler chicks.

Diets containing either 22 or 30% protein were supplemented with a vitamin mix where one of 11 added vitamins were singly eliminated from the mix. Male, day-old broilers were fed these diets to 3 weeks of age, and weight gains, feed utilization, and leg problems were recorded. In general, the higher protein diet did not result in a greater incidence of leg problems; however, it did alter performance of several of the vitamin-deficient diets as compared to the lower protein diet. Of the 11 vitamins studied only nonsupplementation of riboflavin markedly reduced weight gain and feed utilization during the 3-week feeding period. However, deletions of vitamin D3 and niacin also resulted in reduced performance. Riboflavin deficiency resulted in paralysis in a high percentage of the birds while the niacin-deficient diet gave a high percentage of birds with deformed legs and problems of mobility. The results demonstrate that a high incidence of leg problems may be present in a flock with little or no signs of reduced gain or feed utilization. The data suggest that under practical conditions the elimination of a particular vitamin from a diet for a short period of time would probably have a negligible effect on performance.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effect of sodium bentonite or hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate on growth performance and tibia mineral concentrations in broiler chicks fed nutrient-deficient diets.

An experiment was conducted to determine whether sodium bentonite (NaB) or hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCA) would affect growth performance and tibia mineral concentrations in chicks fed nutrient-deficient diets. Two identical trials were conducted; each using 240 5- to 19-d-old broiler chicks (4 replicates of 5 chicks each) in a completely random design. A factorial arrangement of treatments consisted of four types of nutrient deficiencies [nutritionally complete basal (C), macromineral-deficient (-MM), trace mineral- and vitamin-deficient (-TMV), and crude protein-deficient (-CP)], and three types of additive (none, .5% NaB, and .5% HSCA). The -MM and -TMV diets reduced (P < .01), gain, feed intake, and gain:feed. The -CP diet decreased (P < .01) gain and gain:feed but did not affect (P > .10) feed intake. Sodium bentonite increased feed intake (P < .01) of all diets; resulting in an increase in gain (P < .09). Sodium bentonite increased gain:feed in chicks fed the -MM diet but did not affect gain:feed in chicks fed the C, -TMV, or -CP diets (NaBx-MM interaction, P < .02). The -MM and -TMV diets decreased (P < .01) tibia ash, but the -CP diet increased (P < .01) tibia ash. The -MM diet decreased (P < .01) tibia Ca but increased (P < .01) tibia P. Neither NaB nor HSCA affected percentage of tibia ash, Ca, or P. Tibia Zn and Mn concentrations were increased (P < .01) by the -MM diet and decreased (P < .01) by the -TMV diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed1996

Vitamin and trace mineral withdrawal effects on broiler breast tissue riboflavin and thiamin content.

An investigation was carried out to determine whether a Day 28 to 49 dietary vitamin, trace mineral, and vitamin plus trace mineral premix withdrawal would impact Pectoralis major thiamin or riboflavin concentration in chicks reared under thermoneutral (24 C) and heat-stressed (24 to 35 C) conditions. No significant (P > 0.1) environment by nutrient withdrawal interactions were detected. Heat stress and vitamin withdrawal reduced (P < 0.05) P major thiamin and riboflavin concentration. In contrast, trace mineral withdrawal failed (P> 0.1) to impact either vitamin. In conclusion, results from this study suggest that a 21-d vitamin withdrawal and heat stress exposure have the potential to reduce muscle riboflavin and thiamin concentration.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2003

Helicobacter pylori infection and micronutrient deficiencies.

It is known that deficiencies of micronutrients due to infections increase morbidity and mortality. This phenomenon depicts itself conspicuously in developing countries. Deficiencies of iron, vitamins A, E, C, B12, etc are widely prevalent among populations living in the third world countries. Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection has a high prevalence throughout the world. Deficiencies of several micronutrients due to H pylori infection may be concomitantly present and vary from subtle sub-clinical states to severe clinical disorders. These essential trace elements/micronutrients are involved in host defense mechanisms, maintaining epithelial cell integrity, glycoprotein synthesis, transport mechanisms, myocardial contractility, brain development, cholesterol and glucose metabolism. In this paper H pylori infection in associated with various micronutrients deficiencies is briefly reviewed.

Avitaminosis↗
PubMed1998

Hip fracture in elderly men: the importance of subclinical vitamin D deficiency and hypogonadism.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the major risk factors for hip fracture in elderly men. DESIGN: Prospective recruitment, followed by analysis of clinical and biochemical variables. PATIENTS AND SETTING: Men aged 60 years and older who presented to St George Hospital (a 650-bed tertiary-care centre) in 1995, comprising all 41 men with hip fractures, as well as 41 hospital inpatient and 41 outpatient control subjects without hip fractures. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Osteoporotic risk factors (including age, body weight, comorbid illnesses, alcohol intake, cigarettes smoked, and corticosteroid use) and serum concentrations of creatinine, urea, calcium, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and free testosterone. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the hip fracture and two control groups on any of the osteoporotic risk factors. Men with hip fracture had significantly lower mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration (45.6 nmol/L; 95% confidence interval [CI], 36.9-52.3 nmol/L) than both inpatient (61.1 nmol/L; 95% CI, 50.0-72.2 nmol/L) and outpatient (65.9 nmol/L; 95% CI, 59.0-72.8 nmol/L) controls (P=0.007). Subclinical vitamin D deficiency (defined as <50 nmol/L serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) was 63% in the fracture group, compared with 25% in the control groups combined (odds ratio, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.74-8.78; P=0.0007). Inpatients with and without hip fractures had significantly lower mean serum albumin, calcium and free testosterone concentrations than outpatients (P< 0.05). In a multiple regression analysis, subclinical vitamin D deficiency was the strongest predictor of hip fracture (beta [regression coefficient], 0.34+/-0.19; P=0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Subclinical vitamin D deficiency in Australian men may contribute significantly to the development of hip fracture through the effects of secondary hyperparathyroidism, resulting in increased bone loss.

Aged↗