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At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Determination of soluble heavy metal Pb, Cd and Cr in water based architectural coatings for indoor decorating and refurbishing materials by ICP-AES].

In this paper the authors have studied coexisting element interference and acidity effect in sample, corrected spectral overlapping interference and non-spectral interference by interference coefficient method and standard addition method respectively, and established a method for the determination of soluble heavy metal Pb, Cd and Cr in water based architectural coatings by ICP-AES. The method is accurate and of low detection limit, and can be applied to the inspection work of water based architectural coatings.

Cadmium↗
PubMed2004

[Effects of grazing on architecture and small-scale pattern of grasses on artificial grassland in subtropical zone].

This study was conducted on a 5-year artificial grassland in subtropical zone of South China. The main types of established artificial grassland there were Dactylis glomerata-Lolium prenne-Trifolium repens and D. glomerata-T. repens pastures. Four grazing intensities were designed, i.e., CK (no grazing), G1 (6 adult sheep x hm(-2)), G2 (7.5 adult sheep x hm(-2)) and G3 (10 adult sheep x hm(-2)), and all the grazing plots were rotationally grazed. The architecture and small-scale pattern of grasses on the grazed and ungrazed grassland were discussed. After a period of 5-year grazing, the plant basal width and sward height of D. glomerata and T. pratense decreased gradually. In treatments CK, G1, G2 and G3, the basal width of D. glomerata was 6-8, 2-4, 0-2 and 0-2 cm, and that of T. pratense was 1-1.2, 6-8, 4-6 and 2-4 cm, respectively. The tuft density of D. glomerata in treatments CK, G1, G2 and G3 was 60, 95.1, 210.2 and 160 tufts x m(-2), respectively. The tiller number per plant of D. glomerata decreased, while its tuft density increased significantly due to the increased grazing intensity. With the increase of grazing intensity, the internode length of T. repens decreased, while its branching angle increased. The average internode length in treatments CK, G1, G2 and G3 was 2.04, 1.69, 1.64 and 1.51 cm, while the branching angle was 46.5, 65, 73 and 77.3 degrees, respectively. The average leaf density of T. repens in treatments CK, G1, G2 and G3 was 2.9, 13.0, 4.7 and 1.0 x m(-2), while the relevant stolon density was 19.9, 101, 142 and 82.6 m x m(-2), respectively. Under moderate grazing intensity, both the leaf and stolon densities of T. repens increased. The main scale on small pattern of D. glomerata, T. repens and T. pratense was 2 cm x 2 cm, which was further decreased under higher grazing intensity in the treatments of D. glomerata and T. pratense. Considering the heterogeneity of environmental resources, the change of the architecture and small-scale pattern could be regarded as an adaptation of grasses under grazing disturbance.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2004

[Comparison of clonal architecture between two divergent Leymus chinensis types in Songnen grassland].

This paper studied the clonal architecture of two divergent Leymus chinensis types (grey-green type and yellow-green type) in Songnen grassland, and compared their internode length, spacer length, interbranching length, interbranching angle, and ramet population density and height under the same habitat. The results showed that there was no significant difference in these clonal characteristics except spacer length and ramet population density between the two types of L. chinensis, and yellow-green type, with less spacer length and more ramet density than grey-green type, should be more adaptable to the resourceful habitat. Moreover, the V-indices of the clonal architecture of two divergent L. chinensis types were all close to 1, and the difference was not significant. Therefore, both of the two types belonged to typical guerilla clonal plant.

China↗
PubMed2005

A grid architecture for medical applications.

Grid technology can provide medical organisations with powerful tools through which they can gain coordinated access to computational resources that hitherto where inaccessible to them. This paper discusses how several classes of medical applications could benefit from the use of Grid technology. We concentrate on applications that were put forward by partners in the Dutch VL-e project. After describing the difficulties related to the realization of such applications without making use of the Grid, we describe an architecture that allows the applications to use Grid resources. We demonstrate how this architecture can be integrated into existing systems to provide flexible and transparent access to Grid services and show performance results of a test case.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed2005

Integration architecture of a mobile virtual health record for shared home care.

The coexistence of different information systems that are unable to communicate with each other is a persistent problem in health care in general, and in shared care in particular. This is especially critical when it comes to information access needed at the point of care, e.g. in the patient's home. The purpose of this paper is to present the technical architecture of a virtual health record (VHR) that both integrates information from different electronic health records (EHRs) and allows for documenting at the point of care using mobile devices. The VHR supports a seamless information and communication flow between different care providers giving them mobile access to selected patient-oriented information. A service oriented system architecture where database functionality and services are separated has been implemented. This guarantees flexibility with regard to changed functional demands and allows third party systems to interact with the platform in a standardised way. Major requirements for the VHR have been documentation support at the point of care, integrated presentation of the information from different feeder systems, and the possibility of offline access to the data on handheld devices. Therefore, publishing was chosen for the integration design. A patient centred XML schema is published as an interface for integration with the information broker. The feeder systems deliver their information in XML.-files that are mapped against the ideal schema and inserted into the mediator database. The paper describes both an online web application and an offline solution that was implemented on personal digital assistants (PDAs). The system has been introduced in a Swedish home care district with an established fiber-optical network infrastructure connecting all the locations forming the study site.

Computers, Handheld↗
PubMed2005

A model-driven approach for the german health telematics architectural framework and the related security infrastructure.

Shared care concepts such as managed care and continuity of care are based on extended communication and co-operation either between different health professionals, or between them and the patient. Health information systems and their components, which are very different in their structure, their behaviour, the respective data, and their semantics as well as regarding implementation details used in different environments for different purposes, have to provide intelligent interoperability. Therefore, flexibility, portability, and future-orientation must be guaranteed using the newest development of model driven architecture. The ongoing work for the German health telematics platform based on an architectural framework and a security infrastructure is described in some detail. This concept of future-proof health information networks with virtual Electronic Health Records as core application starts with multifunctional Electronic Health Cards. It fits into developments currently performed by many other developed countries in Europe and beyond.

Communication↗
PubMed2005

Realizing a Realtime Shared Patient Chart using a Universal Message Forwarding Architecture.

The goal of this paper is to describe the clinical needs and the informational methodology which led to the realization of a realtime shared patient chart. It is an integral part of the communications infrastructure of the Patient Data Management System (PDMS) ICUData which is in routine use at the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine at the University Hospital of Giessen, Germany, since February 1999. ICUData utilizes a four tier system architecture consisting of modular clients, message forwarders, application servers and a relational database management system. All layers communicate with health level seven messages. The innovative aspect of this architecture consists of the interposition of a message forwarder layer which allows for instant exchange of patient data between the clients without delays caused by database access. This works even in situations with high workload as in patient monitoring. Therefore a system with many workstations acts a blackboard for patient data allowing shared access under realtime conditions. Realized first as an experimental feature, it has been embraced by the clinical users and served well during the documentation of more than 18000 patient stays.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed2005

Does HL7 Go towards an Architecture Standard?

Starting as a rather simple message standard to be used within hospitals, the scope of HL7 has been extended to covering all domains and institutions in health. The most important development of the HL7 standard set was its development towards a model-based message specification methodology and the further movement towards a unified development process: HL7 Version 3. The focus was design for interoperability, which is also the driving aspect of architectural standards such as OMG's CORBA or the CEN EN 13606 Electronic Health Record Communication. The paper gives an overview about the HL7 standard set, comparing it with the principles of advanced information systems architecture.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2005

Integration of the cognitive knowledge of activity in a service oriented architecture in the home care context.

The complex nature of a home care (HC) situation induces an important need for cooperation between the health care professionals. But even if this need is sometimes evocated in reports on HC issues, it is more difficult to get precise knowledge on this cooperative activity, and, consequently, propositions for computerized HC organization and management systems. We did some researches on this topic area. Previous phases of work let us highlight the actual need for cooperation, and obtain precise information on the HC activity processes and data. In this paper, we focused on the integration of this cognitive knowledge on the design of a HC cooperation architecture. Different levels of requirements for the cooperative system are mentioned: coordination, communication of information, delegation of activity, integration of services and personal access to the tasks to perform. A description of the usefulness and use of the cognitive knowledge is proposed, the architecture design, modular, distributed, and able to integrate external services is presented, and the results of a validation test of the implemented prototype, performed with actual HC professionals in an evaluation laboratory are presented.

Cognition↗
PubMed2005

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a review of the immuno-architecture.

Immunophenotyping of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) is usually performed by flow cytometry on cell suspensions obtained from peripheral blood, bone marrow or biopsied tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis on routine sections is less commonly performed; however, this approach allows the pathologist and the researcher to appreciate the immuno-architecture of the involved tissues and to gain insight into some of the events that influence the biology of the disease. In this review the authors focus on the following issues: immuno-architecture of the proliferation centres, expression of CD23, MUM1/IRF-4 and cyclin D1, tyrosine phosphorylation and detection of the ZAP-70 kinase. Whenever possible, an attempt is made to interpret the immunohistochemical findings from a functional point of view.

Cell Proliferation↗
PubMed2006

Service-oriented architecture for grid-enabling medical applications.

Grid technologies have the potential to enable healthcare organizations to efficiently use powerful tools, applications and resources, many of which were so far inaccessible to them. This paper introduces a service-oriented architecture meant to Grid-enable several classes of computationally intensive medical applications for improved performance and cost-effective access to resources. We apply this architecture to fiber tracking [1,2], a computationally intensive medical application suited for parallelization through decomposition, and carry out experiments with various sets of parameters, in realistic environments and with standard network solutions. Furthermore, we deploy and assess our solution in a hospital environment, at the Amsterdam Medical Center, as part of our cooperation in the Dutch VL-e project. Our results show that parallelization and Grid execution may bring significant performance improvements and that the overhead introduced by making use of remote, distributed resources is relatively small.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed2006

[Effects of sleep architecture in different age children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To explore how obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAHS) affects different age children's sleep architecture. METHOD: One hundred and thirty three OSAHS children which divided into preschool age group and school age group, were monitored with polysomnography for 7 hours at night, sleep efficiency, stage I %, stage II %, SWS%, REM%, apnea/hypopnea index, arousal index and nadir O2 desaturation were recorded and analyzed. RESULT: Between preschool age group and school age group, sleep efficiency (88.0% +/- 4.0%) versus 94.1% +/- 1.30%), stage I% (14.2 +/- 2.5 versus 10.6 +/- 1.9), stage II% (40.15 +/- 4.6 versus 46.5 +/- 2.4), SWS% (27.4 +/- 6.4 versus 18.5 +/- 1.7), REM% (17.7 +/- 3.0 versus 22.3 +/- 2.0), apnea/hypopnea index (5.9 +/- 1.3 versus 7.7 +/- 2.6), arousal index (18.3 +/- 3.5 versus 22.4 +/- 2.7), nadir O2 desaturation (87.2 +/- 2.1 versus 90.1 +/- 0.8), the difference between preschool age group and school age group did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Under the state of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS) preschool age group and school age group have similar sleep architecture, and preschool age group have more "REM deprivation" than school age group.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Relationship of acromial architecture and diseases of the rotator cuff].

Variations in the architecture of the coraco-acromial arch can lead to a clinically symptomatic rotator cuff lesion. Differences in the shape and slope of the acromion, anterior acromial spurs and inferior protruding acromio-clavicular osteophytes decrease the volume of the subacromial space, leading to impingement. Recent anatomic, radiographic, biomechanic and stereophotogrammetric studies have confirmed these architectural variations and their effect on the contents of the subacromial space. Abnormal contact between the acromion and these soft tissues can result in pathological lesions. Surgical procedures should be aimed at increasing the space beneath the coraco-acromial arch to reduce wear on the rotator cuff.

Acromioclavicular Joint↗
PubMed1991

The three-dimensional architecture of the myosalpinx in the rabbit as revealed by scanning electron microscopy.

The three-dimensional (3-D) architecture of the myosalpinx in the rabbit has been investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy after microdissection and the removal of interstitial connective tissue with KOH digestion. In the extramural portion of the tubo-uterine junction, the myosalpinx presents outer longitudinal bundles which form a well-defined continuous muscular layer extending towards the ampulla. Underlying this layer there are single muscular bundles which follow an uneven circular arrangement. At a deeper level the same bundles present a plexiform arrangement. Several bundles reach the base of the mucous folds and follow a discontinuous, approximately longitudinal arrangement. In the isthmus, the myosalpinx shows superficial longitudinal strips that abruptly bend sideways as they approach the ampulla, thereby enveloping the underlying muscular structure. The latter is arranged in the same way as at the extramural portion of the tubo-uterine junction, except for the lack of the outer longitudinal layer originating from the uterus. Our 3-D results revealed that the architecture of the rabbit myosalpinx consists of muscular bundles independent of one another that follow multiple spatial arrangements and form a complex network. Such a type of structure seems to be capable of stirring rather than pushing the embryo and gametes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Demonstration of the architecture of the tracheobronchial wall by MR imaging: an experimental study].

To study the potential of MRI to demonstrate the architecture of the tracheobronchial wall, resected tracheobronchi of rabbits were examined with MRI. As a result, epithelium and cartilage were demonstrated as relatively low intensity bands on T1- and T2-weighted images (T1WI and T2WI). The subepithelium was of intermediate-high intensity on T1WI and of markedly high intensity on T2WI and Gd-DTPA enhanced T1WI. Peritracheobronchial fat was of markedly high intensity on T1WI and of relatively low intensity on T2WI. In conclusion, MRI was found to have the potential to demonstrate the architecture of the tracheobronchial wall as 4 layers on each sequence.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The relationship of acromial architecture to rotator cuff disease.

Variations in the architecture of the coracoacromial arch can lead to a clinically symptomatic rotator cuff lesion. Differences in the development and morphology of the acromion, and the presence of anterior acromial spurs and inferior acromioclavicular osteophytes decrease the volume of the subacromial space, leading to impingement. Recent anatomic, radiographic, biomechanical, and SPG studies have confirmed these architectural variations and their effects on the contents of the subacromial space. Abnormal contact between the acromion and these soft tissues can lead to pathologic lesions. Surgical procedures should be directed at increasing the space beneath the coracoacromial arch to reduce wear on the rotator cuff.

Acromioclavicular Joint↗
PubMed1990

Spatial fibre architecture of Mm. pectorales in macaques: their morphological, phylogenetical, and functional implications.

The pectoral muscles of the 2 monkeys, Macaca fuscata and M. fascicularis, were described particularly in the light of 3 dimensional fibre architecture. There existed throughout the muscles the rotation in the same direction and radiation of fibre bundles as well as the consecutive and multi-stratified structure; This architectural design suggested that the deep pectoral masses of the mammals were derived from the caudal portion of the primitive pectoral plane through fibre migration caused by the whole muscle rotation, probably in response to the functional necessity peculiar to the mammalian locomotion.

Animals↗