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PubMed2002

Giant cell reparative granuloma of the temporal bone: neuroradiological and immunohistochemical findings.

A 38-year-old man presented with a giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) of the left temporal bone. Computed tomography showed a osteolytic middle cranial mass lesion. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed the lesion as low intensity with heterogeneous enhancement by gadolinium on the T1-weighted images, and extremely low intensity on the T2-weighted images. Angiography showed the lesion as highly vascular and fed by branches of the left external carotid artery. After preoperative embolization, gross total removal of the tumor was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and no evidence of recurrence has been found for more than 4 years. Histological examination revealed GCRG with multinucleated giant cells in the fibrous background, abundant collagen bundles, hemosiderin deposits, and trabeculae of reactive bone. Some of the mononuclear stromal cells and almost all of the giant cells were positive for CD68, suggesting histiocytic differentiation. These histological features reflect the marked decrease in signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Temporal bone computed tomography findings in bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.

AIM: To examine the yield of computed tomography (CT) of the temporal bones when investigating sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and to identify factors associated with CT findings. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 116 consecutively investigated children with bilateral SNHL at the audiology department of Great Ormond Street Hospital, London. Main outcome measures were CT results, hearing loss parameters, history, and clinical examination. RESULTS: A total of 33 (28.4%) CT scans were identified as abnormal. Children with profound and/or progressive hearing loss and/or craniofacial abnormalities were more likely to have an abnormal CT scan and together accounted for 25 abnormal CT scans. Sex, consanguineous parents, or family history of SNHL were not associated with CT findings. Dilated vestibular aqueduct was significantly correlated with the presence of progressive SNHL. CONCLUSIONS: All children with SNHL should undergo radiological investigation of the petrous bones/inner ear; abnormalities are more likely to be found in cases with craniofacial abnormalities, or profound or progressive hearing loss. The decision whether to perform a CT or magnetic resonance imaging will depend on scanner availability, expertise, and management considerations, but cochlear implant candidates will require both.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Reconstruction strategy for temporal bone and lateral facial defects.

Large or recurrent tumors of the auricular and parotid areas sometimes require resections involving the temporal bone and adjacent structures, including the facial nerve, the auditory apparatus, ascending ramus of the mandible, and the temporomandibular joint. At times, these resections can include the skull and even the underlying dura. Although these massive resections can provide good palliation and sometimes cure for these advanced patients, incumbent on the strategy for this treatment is a reliable one-stage technique for repair of the resultant defect. We have found the use of free-tissue transfer and the pectoralis muscle flap to be useful in the reconstruction of these defects. The pectoralis muscle flap is used when the defect is at or inferior to the external auditory meatus. More cephalad lesions require free-tissue transfer; for small surface area defects, the free scapular flap has been found to be useful, whereas for larger surface area defects, the free latissimus muscle flap with overlying skin graft has been used with good success. This paper is a report of our experience with this strategy in 14 patients. Our results are discussed and 3 patients are presented.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Findings in a pair of temporal bones from a patient with secretory otitis media and chronic middle ear infection.

The histopathological changes in a pair of temporal bones from a 69-year-old woman who had secretory otitis media in the left ear and chronic middle ear infection in the right ear are described. Tympanostomy tubes had been placed in her left ear nine times. The perforation at the grommet showed no ingrowth of squamous epithelium; the fine structure of the tympanic membrane was normal. There were a few mucus strands present in the middle ear, which was lined with a one- to three-cell layer epithelium, where only a few secretory cells were found. In the right ear the thick tympanic membrane showed papillary projections of the squamous epithelium extending from the outer epidermal layer deep into the stroma and close to the collagenous layer of lamina propria. A large marginal perforation was present in the posterior quadrant, but there was no ingrowth of squamous epithelium from the canal into the middle ear. From the anterior margin, a concave veil-like sheet of squamous epithelium had grown onto the incus, chorda tympani and the stapes head. Numerous finger-like projections extended from the margin of this epithelium to the stapedial footplate and the epitympanum. The mucous membrane of the bony portion of the Eustachian tube in both ears was normal to the cartilage level, and the defective ventilation was in all likelihood caused by a dysfunction at the pharyngeal end of the Eustachian tube.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Method of treatment of temporal bone for teaching and autoeducative purposes.

The authors describe on the basis of their experience several methods of the removal of temporal bone for research, teaching and autoeducative purposes. Bilateral removal from the same subject is described in detail. A simple, effective and easy preparation of dry anatomical models by means of cadaverous beetles Dermestes vulpinus is reported.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1990

Osteomyelitis of temporal bone associated with tonsillar focal infection.

We report here on two cases wherein it is conceivable that the osteomyelitis of the temporal bone was brought on by secondary complications associated with tonsillar focal infection. The main change to the bone was non-specific osteomyelitis. Cryptitis of the tonsils or fibrosis surrounding the blood vessels (onion skin lesion) was characteristic findings in the pathological studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Fibrous displasia of the temporal bone. Presentation of one case].

We present one case of a 14 years old girl, diagnosed of fibrous displasia of the temporal bone, who developed a conductive hearing loss of progressive character. We analyse the clinic manifestations, radiologic and histopathologic study, and therapeutic indications of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Imaging and pathology of the ear and temporal bone (except for the skull base)].

Imaging occupies and increasing place in the investigation of pathological processes of the ear and temporal bone. For some of them (malformations, inflammatory conditions and tumours) the authors detail their indications and results. They conclude that imaging has become increasingly necessary in these conditions, and indispensable not only for choosing the method of treatment but also for medico-legal reasons.

Ear↗
PubMed2001

Facial nerve paralysis in temporal bone fractures: outcomes after late decompression surgery.

The aim of this paper was to address some of the unanswered questions regarding management of facial nerve paralysis in temporal bone fractures (TBF), such as the outcomes after late facial nerve decompression surgery. The study design was a retrospective review of a consecutive clinical series. Thirteen patients who underwent late decompression surgery for facial nerve paralysis due to TBF involving the perigeniculate ganglion region were analyzed. Patients were operated on 27-90 days after trauma. A transmastoid extralabyrinthine approach was used in all cases. Facial nerve-sheath slitting was performed routinely. Normal or subnormal facial nerve function (HB 1 or HB 2) was achieved in 7/9 cases (78%) evaluated at > or = 1 year after surgery. Good functional results were also obtained in two patients operated on 3 months after trauma. Bases on the outcomes observed in the present series, in patients unable to be operated on early, presenting 1 to 3 months with >95% denervation on EnoG, facial nerve decompression may have a beneficial effect.

Decompression, Surgical↗
PubMed1984

Temporal bone trauma: high-resolution computed tomographic evaluation.

High-resolution computed tomography (CT) was used to examine 12 patients with temporal bone trauma. The CT findings were correlated with the clinical signs and symptoms (hearing loss, facial nerve dysfunction) and with the operative findings in the 5 patients who underwent surgery. CT was able to demonstrate ossicular chain disruption or fractures causing the clinical findings in the majority of cases. The CT findings affected patient care by alerting the otologist to the abnormalities likely to be encountered during surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Fracture of the styloid process of the temporal bone: an unusual complication of dental treatment. Report of a case.

Reported in a case of fracture of the styloid process due to an uncoordinated action of the suprahyoidean and infrahyoidean musculature. The similarity of symptoms to acute disturbances of the temporomandibular joints to those of fracture of the styloid process and the differential diagnoses are discussed. Diagnosis of a fracture of the styloid process is achieved mainly by radiographic examination; history and clinical examination are merely confirmatory. Conservative and surgical treatments of fracture of the styloid process, and their respective uses, are briefly reviewed.

Adult↗